Luke 1:38
in Luke 1“I am the Lord’s servant,” Mary answered. “May it happen to me according to your word.” Then the angel left her.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And Mary said, Behold, the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.
KJV
And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.
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This verse in Luke 1
Commentary
20 notes on this verseBehold now the humility, the devotion of the virgin. For it follows, But Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord. She calls herself His handmaid, who is chosen to be His mother, so far was she from being exalted by the sudden promise. At the same time also by calling herself handmaid, she claimed to herself in no other way the prerogative of such great grace than that she might do what was commanded her. For about to bring forth One meek and lowly, she was bound herself to show forth lowliness.
This site's exposition
even Elizabeth your relative has conceived
on Luke 1:36-38
Look, even Elizabeth your relative has conceived a son in her old age gives Mary a sign she never asked for, and it ties the two conceptions to one hand. For no word from God will ever fail recalls the word to Sarah at Genesis 18:14, the God who opened one old womb now working a greater wonder. Mary answers, I am the Lord’s servant, and her consent follows, May it happen to me according to your word.
This site's exposition
I am the Lord’s servant
Mary answers with the word servant, the humble term Bede notes, though she had just been chosen as mother. Barnes reads the reply as faith in the promise and readiness to obey. Wesley thinks the conception may have followed at this moment.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
A commentator
IrenaeusAgainst Heresies (Book III, Chapter 22), Section 4 · Written before 202.
proposed
In accordance with this design, Mary the Virgin is found obedient, saying, "Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word." [Luke 1:38] But Eve was disobedient; for she did not obey when as yet she was a virgin. And even as she, having indeed a husband, Adam, but being nevertheless as yet a virgin (for in Paradise "they were both naked, and were not ashamed," [Genesis 2:25] inasmuch as they, having been created a short time previously, had no understanding of the procreation of children: for it was necessary that they should first come to adult age, and then multiply from that time onward), having become disobedient, was made the cause of death, both to herself and to the entire human race; so also did Mary, having a man betrothed [to her], and being nevertheless a virgin, by yielding obedience, become the cause of salvation, both to herself and the whole human race. And on this account does the law term a woman betrothed to a man, the wife of him who had betrothed her, although she was as yet a virgin; thus indicating the back-reference from Mary to Eve, because what is joined together could not otherwise be put asunder than by inversion of the process by which these bonds of union had arisen; so that the former ties be cancelled by the latter, that the latter may set the former again at liberty. And it has, in fact, happened that the first compact looses from the second tie, but that the second tie takes the position of the first which has been cancelled. For this reason did the Lord declare that the first should in truth be last, and the last first. […]
(vel Geometer.) Not only having obtained what he wished, but wondering at her virgin beauty, and the ripeness of her virtue.
The handmaid of God dwells amid alien labours; and among these (labours), on all the memorial days of demons, at all solemnities of kings, at the beginning of the year, at the beginning of the month, she will be agitated by the odour of incense.
The Medieval Church2 voices
And Mary said, etc. Here lastly is set forth the attainment of the purpose, which consisted in the consent of the Virgin, through which she immediately conceived the Son of God. This consent he describes as duly and orderly made: because it proceeded from humility …
Through an ineffable sacrament of a holy conception and a birth inviolable, agreeable to the truth of each nature, the same virgin was both the handmaid and mother of the Lord.
12 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church5 voices
(Geometer.) Some men will highly extol one thing, some another, in these words of the virgin. One man, for example, her constancy, another her willingness of obedience; one man her not being tempted by the great and glorious promises of the great archangel; another, her self-command in not giving an instant assent, equally avoiding both the heedlessness of Eve and the disobedience of Zacharias. But to me the depth of her humility is an object no less worthy of admiration
But Mary said: Behold the handmaid of the Lord. Let it be done to me according to your word. How great the humility with devotion, who wishes for the angel's promise to be fulfilled, and calls herself, though chosen to be the mother, the handmaid. …
And the angel departed from her. Rising in those days, Mary went into the hill country with haste to a city of Judah. With the virgin's consent granted, the angel soon returned to the heavens, she sought the mountains. She hastens to visit Elizabeth, not …
Having received the consent of the virgin, the angel soon returns heavenward, as it follows, And the angel departed from her.
I am the painter's board; let the painter paint what he wishes; let the Lord create what is pleasing to Him. It is evident that what was said before — "how will this be" — was an expression not of unbelief, but of a desire …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord - It is not improbable, that this time of the virgin's humble faith, consent, and expectation, might be the very time of her conceiving.
And Mary said, behold the handmaid of the Lord,....
The interview between Mary the mother of Jesus and Elisabeth the mother of John, when they were both with child of those pregnant births, and the prophecies they both uttered upon that occasion,
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
Let us mark, in these verses — the reverent and discreet manner in which the angel Gabriel speaks of the great mystery of Christ's incarnation. In reply to the question of Mary, "How shall this be?" he uses these remarkable words, "The Holy Spirit shall come upon you — and the power of the Highest shall overshadow you." We shall do well to follow the example of the angel in all our reflections on this deep subject.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
Let us mark, in these verses — the reverent and discreet manner in which the angel Gabriel speaks of the great mystery of Christ's incarnation. In reply to the question of Mary, "How shall this be?" he uses these remarkable words, "The Holy Spirit shall come upon you — and the power of the Highest shall overshadow you." We shall do well to follow the example of the angel in all our reflections on this deep subject. Let us ever regard it with holy reverence — and abstain from those improper and unprofitable speculations upon it, in which some have unhappily indulged. It is enough for us to know that "the Word was made flesh," and that when the Son of God came into the world, he had a real body — so that He "took part of our flesh and blood," and was "made of a woman." Here we must stop. The manner in which all this was effected, is wisely hidden from us. If we attempt to pry beyond this point — we shall only darken counsel by words without knowledge, and rush in where angels fear to tread. In a religion which really comes down from Heaven — there must needs be mysteries. Of such mysteries in Christianity, the incarnation is one. Let us mark, in the second place — the prominent place assigned to the Holy Spirit in the great mystery of the incarnation. We find it written, "The Holy Spirit shall come upon you." An intelligent reader of the Bible will probably not fail to remember that the honor here given to the Spirit, is in precise harmony with the teaching of Scripture in other places. In every step of the great work of man's redemption — we shall find special mention of the work of the Holy Spirit. Did Jesus die to make atonement for our sins? It is written that "through the eternal Spirit, He offered himself without spot to God." (Hebrews 9:14.) Did Jesus rise again for our justification? It is written that He "was quickened by the Spirit."
Behold the handmaid of the Lord - I fully credit what thou sayest, and am perfectly ready to obey thy commands, and to accomplish all the purposes of thy grace concerning me. It appears that at the instant of this act of faith, and purposed obedience, the conception of the immaculate humanity of Jesus took place; and it was Done unto her according to his word. See Luk 1:35.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
And Mary said, Behold the handmaid ... - This was an expression of resignation to the will of God, and of faith in the promise. To be the “handmaid of the Lord” is to be submissive and obedient, and is the same as saying, “I fully credit all that is said, and am perfectly ready to obey all the commands of the Lord.”
The words behind it
19 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Εἶπεν | eipen | Said | G2036 → | 925 times |
| δὲ | de | then | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| Μαριάμ· | mariam | Mary; | G3137 → | 53 times |
| ἰδοὺ | idou | Behold | G2400 → | 200 times |
| ἡ | he | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| δούλη | doule | handmaid | G1401 → | 129 times |
| κυρίου· | kuriou | of [the] Lord; | G2962 → | 711 times |
| γένοιτό | genoito | Would [that] it happen | G1096 → | 667 times |
| μοι | moi | to me | G3165 → | 1936 times |
| κατὰ | kata | according to | G2596 → | 468 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ῥῆμά | rhema | declaration | G4487 → | 68 times |
| σου. | sou | of you. | G4771 → | 2973 times |
| καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀπῆλθεν | apelthen | departed | G565 → | 115 times |
| ἀπ᾽ | ap᾽ | from | G575 → | 640 times |
| αὐτῆς | autes | her | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ὁ | ho | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἄγγελος.¶ | angelos | angel. | G32 → | 175 times |
ΕἶπενSaid
eipenG2036 →925 times
δὲthen
deG1161 →2765 times
Μαριάμ·Mary;
mariamG3137 →53 times
ἰδοὺBehold
idouG2400 →200 times
ἡthe
heG3588 →19766 times
δούληhandmaid
douleG1401 →129 times
κυρίου·of [the] Lord;
kuriouG2962 →711 times
γένοιτόWould [that] it happen
genoitoG1096 →667 times
μοιto me
moiG3165 →1936 times
κατὰaccording to
kataG2596 →468 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
ῥῆμάdeclaration
rhemaG4487 →68 times
σου.of you.
souG4771 →2973 times
καὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀπῆλθενdeparted
apelthenG565 →115 times
ἀπ᾽from
ap᾽G575 →640 times
αὐτῆςher
autesG846 →5565 times
ὁthe
hoG3588 →19766 times
ἄγγελος.¶angel.
angelosG32 →175 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Psalms 116:16Truly, O LORD, I am Your servant; I am Your servant, the son of Your maidservant; You have broken my bonds.
it leads to
- Psalms 86:16
Turn to me and have mercy; grant Your strength to Your servant; save the son of Your maidservant.
- Psalms 143:12
And in Your loving devotion, cut off my enemies. Destroy all who afflict me, for I am Your servant.
- Psalms 119:125
I am Your servant; give me understanding, that I may know Your testimonies.
- Psalms 86:16
Through
Psalms 119:38Establish Your word to Your servant, to produce reverence for You.
it leads to
- Jeremiah 32:39–41
I will give them one heart and one way, so that they will always fear Me for their own good and for the good of their children after them.
- Psalms 147:11
The LORD is pleased with those who fear Him, who hope in His loving devotion.
- 2 Corinthians 1:20
For all the promises of God are “Yes” in Christ. And so through Him, our “Amen” is spoken to the glory of God.
- Psalms 103:17
But from everlasting to everlasting the loving devotion of the LORD extends to those who fear Him, and His righteousness to their children’s children—
- Psalms 103:11
For as high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is His loving devotion for those who fear Him.
- Jeremiah 32:39–41
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies18
On this verse
About Luke

This page draws on 17 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Ambrose of Milan, Exposition of the Gospel of Luke; Ancient Greek Expositor, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bede, On the Gospel of Luke; Bede, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 1; Eusebius of Caesarea, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Gregory the Dialogist, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Irenaeus, Against Heresies (Book III, Chapter 22), Section 4; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Tertullian, To His Wife Book II and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke.
