Romans 8:10
in Romans 8But if Christ is in you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive because of righteousness.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And if Christ is in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the spirit is life because of righteousness.
KJV
And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness.
⋯
This verse in Romans 8
Commentary
18 notes on this verseAnd if Christ be in you, etc. - This is the criterion by which you may judge of the state of grace in which ye stand. If Christ dwell in your hearts by faith, the body is dead because of sin, δι’ ἁμαρτιαν, in reference to sin; the members of your body no more perform the work of sin than the body of a dead man does the functions of natural life.
This site's exposition
your body is dead because of sin
on Romans 8:10-11
The body still carries death's sentence while the spirit is alive on the ground of righteousness. Verse 11 puts the same Spirit who raised Jesus from the dead inside the believer. That Spirit will give life to the mortal body itself.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
Paul asserts that the bodies of those whom the Holy Spirit has abandoned because of sin are dead, nor does the feeling of their murder touch him, i.e., the Spirit. For the Spirit of God cannot sin. He is given for righteousness in order to …
Paul calls the body "dead" because it is mortal. Furthermore, it is because of this mortality that the lack of earthly things troubles the soul and arouses certain desires, to which the man who serves the law of God in his mind does not submit and sin.
Paul shows that both life and death exist in a man living in his body—death in his body, life in his spirit.
A commentator
Origen of AlexandriaCOMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS · Written before 253.
proposed
Thus, then, in "If any man has not the Spirit of Christ, he is none of his; but if Christ is in you, the body indeed is dead because of sin, but the Spirit is life because of justice," he seems to me in this place to call the Spirit of Christ and Christ one and the same thing. In him, therefore, in whom Christ is, he himself says that "we always carry about the death of Christ in our body." But death is imposed upon the body for the sake of sin — that is, that it may not sin. And if the body is dead to sin, necessarily the spirit lives for the doing of justice. For he who is dead in the body and does not serve sin must needs live in the spirit and serve justice. So too the same Apostle says in a certain place that he had delivered a certain man over to the destruction of the flesh, that the spirit might be saved.
Likewise, if "the body indeed is dead because of sin" (from which statement we see that not the death of the soul is meant, but that of the body), "but the spirit is life because of righteousness," it follows that this life accrues to that which incurred death because of sin, that is, as we have just seen, the body.
11 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers4 voices
A commentator
Theodoret of CyrusINTERPRETATION OF THE LETTER TO THE ROMANS · Written before 458.
proposed
Paul makes something which was doubtful clear and demonstrates that he is not attacking the flesh but sin. For he decreed that the body was dead to sin, i.e., that it should not sin. But here he calls the soul spirit, because it has already …
Again, what is good he applies to them, and the distressing part was short and parenthetic. And that which is an object of desire, is on either side of it, and put at length too, so as to throw the other into shade. Now this he says, not as affirming that the Spirit is Christ, far from it, but to show that he who hath the Spirit not only is called Christ's, but even hath Christ Himself. For it cannot but be that where the Spirit is, there Christ is also. For wheresoever one Person of the Trinity is, there the whole Trinity is present. For It is undivided in Itself, and hath a most entire Oneness. What then, it may be said, will happen, if Christ be in us? "The body is dead because of sin; but the Spirit is life because of righteousness." You see the great evils that come of not having the Holy Spirit; death, enmity against God, inability to satisfy His laws, not being Christ's as we should be, the want of His indwelling. Consider now also what great blessings come of having the Spirit. Being Christ's, having Christ himself, vying with the Angels (for this is what mortifying the flesh is), and living an immortal life, holding henceforward the earnests of the Resurrection, running with ease the race of virtue. For he does not say so little as that the body is henceforth inactive for sin, but that it is even dead, so magnifying the ease of the race. For such an one without troubles and labors gains the crown. Then afterward for this reason he adds also, "to sin," that you may see that it is the viciousness, not the essence of the body, that He hath abolished at once. For if the latter had been done, many things even of a kind to be beneficial to the soul would have been abolished also. This however is not what he says, but while it is yet alive and abiding, he contends, it is dead. […]
Rightly therefore does the apostle declare, "Flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God;" and, "Those who are in the flesh cannot please God:" not repudiating [by these words] the substance of flesh, but showing that into it the Spirit must be infused. And for this reason, he says, "This mortal must put on immortality, and this corruptible must put on incorruption." And again he declares, "But ye are not in the flesh, but in the Spirit, if so be that the Spirit of God dwell in you."
In addition to this he makes the point still clearer by saying emphatically, "The body is dead because of sin," indicating that if it is not the temple, it is still the tomb of the soul. For when it is dedicated to God, he adds, "the spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, who shall also make alive your mortal bodies through his Spirit dwelling in you."
The Medieval Church2 voices
Again he comforts the listeners when he says, "but if Christ is in you." Some understood Christ here to mean the Spirit; but this is incorrect. The Apostle gives us to understand that he who has the Spirit has Christ Himself within him; for where …
Then when he says, "but if Christ," he shows that through the grace of Christ or through the Holy Spirit we are freed from punishment. And first, he shows that we are freed by the Holy Spirit in the future from bodily death; second, that …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
Observe, If the Spirit be in us, Christ is in us. He dwells in the heart by faith, Eph. iii. Now we are here told what becomes of the bodies and souls of those in whom Christ is.
Now if Christ be in you - Where the Spirit of Christ is, there is Christ. The body indeed is dead - Devoted to death. Because of sin - Heretofore committed.
quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — scripture-overlap:82%@v6-11
And if Christ be in you,....
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
And if Christ be in you - This is evidently a figurative expression, where the word “Christ” is used to denote his spirit, his principles; that is, he influences the man. Literally, he cannot be in a Christian; but the close connection between him and Christians, and the fact that they are entirely under his influence, is expressed by this strong figurative language. It is language which is not infrequently used; compare Gal 2:20; Col 1:27. (The union between Christ and his people is sometimes explained of a merely relative in opposition to a real union. The union which subsists between a substitute, or surety, and the persons in whose room he has placed himself, is frequently offered in explanation of the Scripture language on the subject. In this view, Christ is regarded as legally one with his people, inasmuch, as what he has done or obtained, is held as done and obtained by them. Another relative union, employed to illustrate that which subsists between Christ and believers, is the union of a chief and his followers, which is simply a union of design, interest, sentiment, affection, destiny, etc. Now these representations are true so far as they go; and furnish much interesting and profitable illustration. They fall short, however, of the full sense of Scripture on the point. That there is a real or vital union between Christ and his people, appears from the language of the inspired writers in regard to it. The special phraseology which they employ, cannot well be explained of any relative union At all events, it is as strong as they could have employed, on the supposition, that they had wished to convey the idea of the most intimate possible connection. Christ is said to be “in them,” and they are represented as “in him.” He “abides in them, and they in him.” They “dwelt” in each other; Joh 14:20; Joh 15:4; 1Jn 3:24; 1Jn 4:12. […]
Modern Voices1 voice
The Holy Spirit of God is totally incapable of doing anything that is small. The world in which we live is beautiful, carpeted with flowers and everything. It was a ball of mud shut up in the womb of the universe.
The words behind it
17 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| εἰ | ei | If | G1487 → | 508 times |
| δὲ | de | now | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| Χριστὸς | christos | Christ | G5547 → | 523 times |
| ἐν | en | [is] in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| ὑμῖν, | humin | you, | G4771 → | 2973 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| μὲν | men | indeed | G3303 → | 176 times |
| σῶμα | soma | body [is] | G4983 → | 142 times |
| νεκρὸν | nekron | dead | G3498 → | 128 times |
| διὰ | dia | on account of | G1223 → | 664 times |
| ἁμαρτίαν | hamartian | sin | G266 → | 173 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| δὲ | de | however | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| πνεῦμα | pneuma | Spirit | G4151 → | 378 times |
| ζωὴ | zoe | [is] life | G2222 → | 135 times |
| διὰ | dia | on account of | G1223 → | 664 times |
| δικαιοσύνην. | dikaiosunen | righteousness. | G1343 → | 92 times |
εἰIf
eiG1487 →508 times
δὲnow
deG1161 →2765 times
ΧριστὸςChrist
christosG5547 →523 times
ἐν[is] in
enG1722 →2738 times
ὑμῖν,you,
huminG4771 →2973 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
μὲνindeed
menG3303 →176 times
σῶμαbody [is]
somaG4983 →142 times
νεκρὸνdead
nekronG3498 →128 times
διὰon account of
diaG1223 →664 times
ἁμαρτίανsin
hamartianG266 →173 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
δὲhowever
deG1161 →2765 times
πνεῦμαSpirit
pneumaG4151 →378 times
ζωὴ[is] life
zoeG2222 →135 times
διὰon account of
diaG1223 →664 times
δικαιοσύνην.righteousness.
dikaiosunenG1343 →92 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Galatians 2:20I have been crucified with Christ, and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me. The life I live in the body, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved…
it leads to
- Galatians 5:24
Those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.
- 2 Corinthians 5:15
And He died for all, that those who live should no longer live for themselves, but for Him who died for them and was raised again.
- Romans 6:4–6
We were therefore buried with Him through baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, we too may walk in newness of…
- Colossians 3:3–4
For you died, and your life is now hidden with Christ in God.
- 2 Corinthians 4:10–11
We always carry around in our body the death of Jesus, so that the life of Jesus may also be revealed in our body.
- Galatians 5:24
Through
2 Corinthians 5:21God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.
it leads to
- 1 Peter 2:22–24
“He committed no sin, and no deceit was found in His mouth.”
- 1 Peter 3:18
For Christ also suffered for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous, to bring you to God. He was put to death in the body but made alive in the Spirit,
- Romans 5:19
For just as through the disobedience of the one man the many were made sinners, so also through the obedience of the one man the many will be made righteous.
- 1 Peter 2:22–24
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies35
On this chapter
- Abba, Father
- The God Who Gets Named
- The Binding of Isaac
- The Bronze Serpent
- Creation to New Creation
- Eternal Security, and the Five Warnings of Hebrews
Show the next 6 titles
- Firstfruits
- The Fruit of the Spirit
- Gethsemane (The Garden Called the Oil Press)
- Hebel: the word the Berean text renders futility
- How Scripture Shapes Christian Ethics
- How to Study the Bible
Show the next 6 titles
About Romans

This page draws on 19 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, COMMENTARY ON PAUL'S EPISTLES; Augustine of Hippo, AUGUSTINE ON ROMANS 50; Augustine of Hippo, City of God 20.15; Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata Book 3; Frederic Godet, Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans; Irenaeus, Irenaeus Against Heresies Book 5; John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Epistle to the Romans; John Chrysostom, Homily on Romans 13; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Leonard Ravenhill, Christ Magnified in My Body 2; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS; Tertullian, Against Marcion Book V; Theodoret of Cyrus, INTERPRETATION OF THE LETTER TO THE ROMANS; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Romans and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Romans.
