Luke 1:22
in Luke 1When he came out and was unable to speak to them, they realized he had seen a vision in the temple. He kept making signs to them but remained speechless.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: and he continued making signs unto them, and remained dumb.
KJV
And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: for he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless.
⋯
This verse in Luke 1
Commentary
17 notes on this verseThey perceived that he had seen a vision - As the sanctuary was separated from the court by a great veil, the people could not see what passed, but they understood this from Zacharias himself, who, ην διανευων, made signs, or nodded unto them to that purpose. Signs are the only means by which a dumb man can convey his ideas to others.
This site's exposition
the people were waiting for Zechariah
on Luke 1:21-23
The people were waiting for Zechariah, since the incense offering was brief and the crowd outside sensed the delay. When he came out unable to speak, they realized he had seen a vision in the temple.
This site's exposition
they realized he had seen a vision in the temple
The people waited outside the veil and saw nothing within. Clarke explains that Zechariah had to nod and make signs to tell them. Henry notes that the silence also kept the vision secret for the time.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
But a nod is a certain action of the body, without speech endeavouring to declare the will, yet not expressing it.
But in one man the voice of the people was put to silence, because in one man the whole people was addressing God. For the word of God has come over to us, and in us is not silent. He is dumb who understands not the Law; for why should you think the man who knows not a sound, to be more dumb than him who knows not a mystery. The Jewish people are like to one beckoning, who cannot make his actions intelligible.
When the priest Zechariah offers incense in the temple, he is condemned to silence and cannot speak. Or better, he speaks only with gestures. He remains unable to speak until the birth of his son, John. What does this mean? Zechariah's silence is the silence of prophets in the people of Israel. God no longer speaks to them. His "Word, which was with the Father from the beginning, and was God," has passed over to us. For us Christ is not silent.…Christ ceased to be in them. The Word deserted them. What Isaiah wrote was fulfilled: "The daughter of Zion will be deserted like a tent in the vineyard or like a hut in the cucumber patch. She is as desolate as a plundered city." The Jews were left behind, and salvation passed to the Gentiles.
The Medieval Church2 voices
But Zacharias beckoned to the people, who perhaps enquired the cause of his silence, which, as he was not able to speak, he signified to them by nodding. Hence it follows, And he beckoned to them, and remained speechless.
As for the absence of speech, he adds: And coming out, he could not speak to them. For this is wont to happen to those who are elevated to the summit of contemplation; Exodus 4: "Since you have spoken to your servant, I am of …
9 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church2 voices
Zechariah made signs to the people, who were probably asking about the reason for his silence; but since he could not speak, he explained it through signs.
(Antipater Bostrensis.) Now while these things were going on within, the delay excited surprise among the multitudes who were waiting without, as it follows: And the people waited for Zacharias, and marvelled that he tarried. And while various suspicions were going about, each man repeating them as it pleased him, Zacharias coming forth told by his silence what he secretly endured. Hence it follows, And when he came out, he could not speak.
The Puritans and the Awakening4 voices
He was now to have dismissed the congregation with a blessing, but was dumb and not able to do it, that the people may be minded to expect the Messiah, who can command the blessing, who blesseth indeed, and in whom all the nations of the earth are blessed.
And when he came out, he could not speak unto them,....
Thirdly, Thus he was kept from divulging the vision, and boasting of it, which otherwise he would have been apt to do, whereas it was designed for the present to be lodged as a secret with him. Fourthly, It was a great mercy that God's words should be fulfilled in their season, notwithstanding his sinful distrust.
It is the gospel that speaks to us articulately, and gives us a clear view of that which the Old Testament was seen through a glass darkly. He staid out the days of his ministration; for, his lot being to burn incense, he could do that, though he was dumb and deaf.
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
We see in this passage, the power of unbelief in a holy man. As righteous and holy as Zachariah was — the announcement of the angel appeared unbelievable to him. He could not think it possible that an old man like himself could have a son. "How shall I know this?" he says, "for I am an old man, and my wife well along in years." A well-instructed Jew, like Zachariah, ought not to have raised such a question. No doubt he was well acquainted with the Old Testament Scriptures. He ought to have remembered the astonishing births of Isaac , and Samson , and Samuel in old times. He ought to have remembered that what God has done once — He can do again; and that with Him, nothing is impossible. But he forgot all this. He thought of nothing but the arguments of mere human reasoning. In the same way, it often happens in religious matters, that where human reasoning begins — faith ends. Let us learn in wisdom from the fault of Zachariah. It is a fault to which God's people in every age have been sadly liable. The histories of Abraham, and Isaac, and Moses, and Hezekiah, and Jehoshaphat — will all show us that a true believer may sometimes be overtaken by unbelief . Unbelief is one of the first corruptions which came into man's heart in the day of the fall, when Eve believed the devil rather than God. Unbelief is one of the most deep-rooted sins by which a saint is plagued, and from which he is never entirely freed until he dies. Let us pray daily, "Lord increase my faith!" Let us not doubt that when God says a thing — that thing shall be fulfilled. We see furthermore, in these verses — the privilege and portion of God's angels. They carry messages to God's people. They enjoy God's immediate presence.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
We see in this passage, the power of unbelief in a holy man. As righteous and holy as Zachariah was — the announcement of the angel appeared unbelievable to him. He could not think it possible that an old man like himself could have a son. "How shall I know this?" he says, "for I am an old man, and my wife well along in years." A well-instructed Jew, like Zachariah, ought not to have raised such a question. No doubt he was well acquainted with the Old Testament Scriptures.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Had seen a vision - The word “vision” means “sight, appearance,” or “spectre,” and is commonly applied to spirits, or to beings from another world. When he came out of the temple, it is probable that they “suspected” that something of this nature had detained him there, and that, on inquiry of him, he signified by a nod that this was the case. He was unable to speak, and they had no way of “perceiving” it but by such a sign. On the word “vision,” see the notes at Isa 1:1. For he beckoned unto them - That is, by beckoning unto them, or by a sign, he informed them of what he had seen.
The words behind it
22 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἐξελθὼν | exelthon | Having come out | G1831 → | 216 times |
| δὲ | de | then | G1161 → | 2765 times |
| οὐκ | ouk | not | G3756 → | 1664 times |
| ἐδύνατο | edunato | he was able | G1410 → | 207 times |
| λαλῆσαι | lalesai | to speak | G2980 → | 294 times |
| αὐτοῖς· | autois | to them; | G846 → | 5565 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἐπέγνωσαν | epegnosan | they recognized | G1921 → | 44 times |
| ὅτι | hoti | that | G3754 → | 1292 times |
| ὀπτασίαν | optasian | a vision | G3701 → | |
| ἑώρακεν | he'oraken | he has seen | G3708 → | 60 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| τῷ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ναῷ. | nao | temple. | G3485 → | 45 times |
| καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| αὐτὸς | autos | he himself | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ἦν | en | was | G1510 → | 2333 times |
| διανεύων | dianeuon | making signs | G1269 → | |
| αὐτοῖς | autois | to them | G846 → | 5565 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| διέμενεν | diemenen | was remaining | G1265 → | |
| κωφός.¶ | kophos | mute. | G2974 → | 14 times |
ἐξελθὼνHaving come out
exelthonG1831 →216 times
δὲthen
deG1161 →2765 times
οὐκnot
oukG3756 →1664 times
ἐδύνατοhe was able
edunatoG1410 →207 times
λαλῆσαιto speak
lalesaiG2980 →294 times
αὐτοῖς·to them;
autoisG846 →5565 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἐπέγνωσανthey recognized
epegnosanG1921 →44 times
ὅτιthat
hotiG3754 →1292 times
ὀπτασίανa vision
optasianG3701 →
ἑώρακενhe has seen
he'orakenG3708 →60 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
τῷthe
toG3588 →19766 times
ναῷ.temple.
naoG3485 →45 times
καὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
αὐτὸςhe himself
autosG846 →5565 times
ἦνwas
enG1510 →2333 times
διανεύωνmaking signs
dianeuonG1269 →
αὐτοῖςto them
autoisG846 →5565 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
διέμενενwas remaining
diemenenG1265 →
κωφός.¶mute.
kophosG2974 →14 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Acts 12:17Peter motioned with his hand for silence, and he described how the Lord had brought him out of the prison. “Send word to James and to the brothers,” he said, and he left for…
it leads to
- Acts 21:40
Having received permission, Paul stood on the steps and motioned to the crowd. A great hush came over the crowd, and he addressed them in Hebrew:
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Acts 13:16
Paul stood up, motioned with his hand, and began to speak: “Men of Israel and you Gentiles who fear God, listen to me!
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Acts 19:33
The Jews in the crowd pushed Alexander forward to explain himself, and he motioned for silence so he could make his defense to the people.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Acts 15:13
When they had finished speaking, James declared, “Brothers, listen to me!
- Acts 21:18
The next day Paul went in with us to see James, and all the elders were present.
- Acts 21:40
Through
Acts 19:33The Jews in the crowd pushed Alexander forward to explain himself, and he motioned for silence so he could make his defense to the people.
it leads to
- Acts 12:17
Peter motioned with his hand for silence, and he described how the Lord had brought him out of the prison. “Send word to James and to the brothers,” he said, and he left for…
Reached by 3 separate paths from here.
- Acts 12:17
Through
Acts 21:40Having received permission, Paul stood on the steps and motioned to the crowd. A great hush came over the crowd, and he addressed them in Hebrew:
it leads to
- Acts 26:14
We all fell to the ground, and I heard a voice say to me in Hebrew, ‘Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me? It is hard for you to kick against the goads.’
- Acts 22:2
When they heard him speak to them in Hebrew, they became even more silent. Then Paul declared,
- Acts 26:14
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies40
On this verse
On this chapter
Show the next 6 titles
- Elijah the Tishbite
- Why Four Gospels
- The Genealogies of Christ
- Hannah: 1 Samuel 1:1-2:21
- Hannah's Prayer: 1 Samuel 2:1-10
- How We Got the Bible
Show the next 6 titles
About Luke

This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Ancient Greek Expositor, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 1; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILY ON THE GOSPEL OF LUKE 5.1, 4; Theophylact of Ohrid, Catena Aurea by Aquinas and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke.
