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Greek verb · G1921

ἐπιγινώσκω

epiginoskoep-ig-in-oce'-ko

to observe, perceive, discern, recognize; to discover, ascertain, determine

44 uses in the Greek text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: epiginṓskō

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's G1921is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 10 of 27
    New Testament books
  • 22
    spellings
  • 2
    meanings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · G1921

to know upon some mark, i.e. recognize; by implication, to become fully acquainted with, to acknowledge

The King James renders it: (ac-, have, take)know(-ledge, well), perceive.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

epiginosko is rendered "to observe, perceive, discern, recognize; to discover, ascertain, determine". It stands 44 times in the Greek text, across ten books.

  • Thirteen of the uses stand in Acts, more than in any other book.
  • The lexicon lists two meanings for it, beginning with "to observe, perceive, discern, recognize".
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Matthew 7:16By their fruit you will recognize them. Are grapes gathered from thornbushes, or figs from thistles?
  • The Greek text spells it twenty-two different ways.

The first use

By their fruit you will recognize them. Are grapes gathered from thornbushes, or figs from thistles?

Matthew 7:16ἐπιγνώσεσθε

The first use, in the order of the New Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Thirteen of the word's forty-four uses are in Acts.

The other 17 New Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

The word carries two meanings: to observe, perceive, discern, recognize, and to discover, ascertain, determine.

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

The English STEP Bible gives each use, word by word, and how many times.
to observe, perceive, discern, recognize__(a) absol.: Act.25:10, 1Co.13:12; before ὅτι, Luk.1:22; τ. πνεύματι, before ὅτι, Mrk.2:8; __(b) with accusative of thing(s): Luk.1:4...Tagged as
  • having known6
  • having recognized4
  • They were recognizing3
  • they knew2
  • you will know2
  • being well-known1
  • by already knowing1
  • do recognize1

and 18 more, 38 uses in all

WhereMark 2:8At once Jesus knew in His spirit that they were thinking this way within themselves…
to discover, ascertain, determineAct.9:30; before ὅτι, Luk.7:37 23:7, Act.19:34 22:29 24:11 28:1; with accusative of thing(s), before quæst., Act.23:28; δι᾽ ἣν αἰτίαν,...Tagged as
  • to know4
  • he may know1
  • she having known1
WhereLuke 7:37When a sinful woman from that town learned that Jesus was dining there…

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

ἐπίγνωσιςepignosisknowledgeUses20
ἐπίγειοςepigeiosearthlyUses7
ἐπιγραφήepigrapheinscriptionUses5
ἐπιγράφωepigraphoto write onUses5
ἐπιγίνομαιepiginomaito arise/spring upUses1
ἐπιγαμβρεύωepigambreuoto marryUses1

All 44, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

22 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • ἐπιγνόντες5
  • ἐπιγνοὺς5
  • ἐπέγνωσαν4
  • ἐπιγνῶναι4
  • ἐπιγινώσκετε3
  • ἐπιγνώσεσθε3
  • ἐπεγίνωσκον2
  • ἐπέγνωτε2
  • ἐπιγινώσκει2
  • ἐπιγνοῦσα2
  • ἐπεγίνωσκόν1
  • ἐπεγνωκέναι1

and 10 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • verb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine plural5V-2AAP-NPM
  • verb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singular5V-2AAP-NSM
  • verb · aorist active, indicative · 3rd person plural4V-2AAI-3P
  • verb · aorist active, infinitive (“to…”)4V-2AAN
  • verb · future middle form, indicative · 2nd person plural3V-FDI-2P
  • verb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person plural3V-IAI-3P
  • verb · aorist active, indicative · 2nd person plural2V-2AAI-2P
  • verb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · feminine singular2V-2AAP-NSF
  • verb · present active, indicative · 2nd person plural2V-PAI-2P
  • verb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singular2V-PAI-3S
  • verb · aorist active, indicative · 1st person plural1V-2AAI-1P
  • verb · aorist active, participle · dative (“to / for”) · masculine plural1V-2AAP-DPM

Matthew

six uses
  • By their fruit you will recognize them. Are grapes gathered from thornbushes, or figs from thistles?

    Matthew 7:16

    • ἐπιγνώσεσθεepignosestheverb · future middle form, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you will know
  • So then, by their fruit you will recognize them.

    Matthew 7:20

    • ἐπιγνώσεσθεepignosestheverb · future middle form, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you will know
  • All things have been entrusted to Me by My Father. No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and those to whom the Son chooses to reveal Him.

    Matthew 11:27

    • ἐπιγινώσκειepiginoskeiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: knows
    • ἐπιγινώσκειepiginoskeiverb · present active, indicative · 3rd person singulartagged: does know
  • And when the men of that place recognized Jesus, they sent word to all the surrounding region. People brought all the sick to Him

    Matthew 14:35

    • ἐπιγνόντεςepignontesverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: having recognized
  • But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him whatever they wished. In the same way, the Son of Man will suffer at their hands.”

    Matthew 17:12

    • ἐπέγνωσανepegnosanverb · aorist active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they knew

Mark

four uses
  • At once Jesus knew in His spirit that they were thinking this way within themselves. “Why are you thinking these things in your hearts?” He asked.

    Mark 2:8

    • ἐπιγνοὺςepignousverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: having known
  • At once Jesus was aware that power had gone out from Him. Turning to the crowd, He asked, “Who touched My garments?”

    Mark 5:30

    • ἐπιγνοὺςepignousverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: having known
  • But many people saw them leaving and recognized them. They ran together on foot from all the towns and arrived before them.

    Mark 6:33

    • ἐπέγνωσανepegnosanverb · aorist active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: recognized
  • As soon as they got out of the boat, the people recognized Jesus

    Mark 6:54

    • ἐπιγνόντεςepignontesverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: having recognized

Luke

seven uses
  • so that you may know the certainty of the things you have been taught.

    Luke 1:4

    • ἐπιγνῷςepignosverb · aorist active, subjunctive · 2nd person singulartagged: you may know
  • When he came out and was unable to speak to them, they realized he had seen a vision in the temple. He kept making signs to them but remained speechless.

    Luke 1:22

    • ἐπέγνωσανepegnosanverb · aorist active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they recognized
  • Knowing what they were thinking, Jesus replied, “Why are you thinking these things in your hearts?

    Luke 5:22

    • Ἐπιγνοὺςepignousverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: Having known
  • When a sinful woman from that town learned that Jesus was dining there, she brought an alabaster jar of perfume.

    Luke 7:37

    • ἐπιγνοῦσαepignousaverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · feminine singulartagged: she having known
  • And learning that Jesus was under Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who himself was in Jerusalem at that time.

    Luke 23:7

    • ἐπιγνοὺςepignousverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: having learned
  • But their eyes were kept from recognizing Him.

    Luke 24:16

    • ἐπιγνῶναιepignonaiverb · aorist active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to know
  • Then their eyes were opened and they recognized Jesus—and He disappeared from their sight.

    Luke 24:31

    • ἐπέγνωσανepegnosanverb · aorist active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they knew

Acts

thirteen uses
  • they recognized him as the man who used to sit begging at the Beautiful Gate of the temple, and they were filled with wonder and amazement at what had happened to him.

    Acts 3:10

    • ἐπεγίνωσκονepeginoskonverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: They were recognizing
  • When they saw the boldness of Peter and John and realized that they were unschooled, ordinary men, they marveled and took note that these men had been with Jesus.

    Acts 4:13

    • ἐπεγίνωσκόνepeginoskonverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: They were recognizing
  • When the brothers learned of this, they took him down to Caesarea and sent him off to Tarsus.

    Acts 9:30

    • ἐπιγνόντεςepignontesverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: Having known
  • When she recognized Peter’s voice, she was so overjoyed that she forgot to open the gate, but ran inside and announced, “Peter is standing at the gate!”

    Acts 12:14

    • ἐπιγνοῦσαepignousaverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · feminine singulartagged: having recognized
  • But when they realized that he was a Jew, they all shouted in unison for about two hours: “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”

    Acts 19:34

    • ἐπιγνόντεςepignontesverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: Having recognized
  • the commander ordered that Paul be brought into the barracks. He directed that Paul be flogged and interrogated to determine the reason for this outcry against him.

    Acts 22:24

    • ἐπιγνῷepignoverb · aorist active, subjunctive · 3rd person singulartagged: he may know
  • Then those who were about to interrogate Paul stepped back, and the commander himself was alarmed when he realized that he had put a Roman citizen in chains.

    Acts 22:29

    • ἐπιγνοὺςepignousverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine singulartagged: having ascertained
  • and since I wanted to understand their charges against him, I brought him down to their Sanhedrin.

    Acts 23:28

    • ἐπιγνῶναιepignonaiverb · aorist active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to know
  • By examining him yourself, you will be able to learn the truth about all our charges against him.”

    Acts 24:8

    • ἐπιγνῶναιepignonaiverb · aorist active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to know
  • You can verify for yourself that no more than twelve days ago I went up to Jerusalem to worship.

    Acts 24:11

    • ἐπιγνῶναιepignonaiverb · aorist active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to know
  • Paul replied, “I am standing before the judgment seat of Caesar, where I ought to be tried. I have done nothing wrong to the Jews, as you yourself know very well.

    Acts 25:10

    • ἐπιγινώσκειςepiginoskeisverb · present active, indicative · 2nd person singulartagged: know
  • When daylight came, they did not recognize the land, but they sighted a bay with a sandy beach, where they decided to run the ship aground if they could.

    Acts 27:39

    • ἐπεγίνωσκονepeginoskonverb · imperfect active, indicative · 3rd person pluraltagged: they were recognizing
  • Once we were safely ashore, we learned that the island was called Malta.

    Acts 28:1

    • ἐπέγνωμενepegnomenverb · aorist active, indicative · 1st person pluraltagged: we found out

Romans

one use
  • Although they know God’s righteous decree that those who do such things are worthy of death, they not only continue to do these things, but also approve of those who practice them.

    Romans 1:32

    • ἐπιγνόντεςepignontesverb · aorist active, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: having known

1 Corinthians

four uses
  • Now we see but a dim reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known.

    1 Corinthians 13:12

    • ἐπιγνώσομαιepignosomaiverb · future middle form, indicative · 1st person singulartagged: I will know fully
    • ἐπεγνώσθην.¶epegnosthenverb · aorist passive, indicative · 1st person singulartagged: I have been fully known
  • If anyone considers himself a prophet or spiritual person, let him acknowledge that what I am writing you is the Lord’s command.

    1 Corinthians 14:37

    • ἐπιγινωσκέτωepiginosketoverb · present active, command · 3rd person singulartagged: he should recognize
  • For they refreshed my spirit and yours as well. Show your appreciation, therefore, to such men.

    1 Corinthians 16:18

    • ἐπιγινώσκετεepiginosketeverb · present active, command · 2nd person pluraltagged: do recognize

2 Corinthians

five uses
  • For we do not write you anything that is beyond your ability to read and understand. And I hope that you will understand us completely,

    2 Corinthians 1:13

    • ἐπιγινώσκετεepiginosketeverb · present active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: understand
    • ἐπιγνώσεσθεepignosestheverb · future middle form, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you will understand
  • as you have already understood us in part, so that you may boast of us just as we will boast of you in the day of our Lord Jesus.

    2 Corinthians 1:14

    • ἐπέγνωτεepegnoteverb · aorist active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you have understood
  • as unknown, yet well-known; dying, and yet we live on; punished, yet not killed;

    2 Corinthians 6:9

    • ἐπιγινωσκόμενοιepiginoskomenoiverb · present passive, participle · nominative (subject) · masculine pluraltagged: being well-known
  • Examine yourselves to see whether you are in the faith; test yourselves. Can’t you see for yourselves that Jesus Christ is in you—unless you actually fail the test?

    2 Corinthians 13:5

    • ἐπιγινώσκετεepiginosketeverb · present active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you do recognize

Colossians

one use
  • that has come to you. All over the world this gospel is bearing fruit and growing, just as it has been doing among you since the day you heard it and truly understood the grace of God.

    Colossians 1:6

    • ἐπέγνωτεepegnoteverb · aorist active, indicative · 2nd person pluraltagged: you knew

1 Timothy

one use
  • They will prohibit marriage and require abstinence from certain foods that God has created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth.

    1 Timothy 4:3

    • ἐπεγνωκόσινepegnokosinverb · perfect active, participle · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluraltagged: by already knowing

2 Peter

two uses
  • It would have been better for them not to have known the way of righteousness than to have known it and then to turn away from the holy commandment passed on to them.

    2 Peter 2:21

    • ἐπεγνωκέναιepegnokenaiverb · perfect active, infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to have known
    • ἐπιγνοῦσινepignousinverb · aorist active, participle · dative (“to / for”) · masculine pluraltagged: having known

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESG (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0), the Brief lexicon based on Abbott-Smith (1922).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →