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Luke 1:53

in Luke 1

He has filled the hungry with good things, but has sent the rich away empty.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

The hungry he hath filled with good things; And the rich he hath sent empty away.

KJV

He hath filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he hath sent empty away.

This verse in Luke 1

Commentary

15 notes on this verse

A commentator

Basil of Caesarea

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 379.

(ubi sup.) These words regulate our conduct even with respect to sensible things, teaching the uncertainty of all worldly possessions, which are as shortlived as the wave which is dashed about to and fro by the violence of the wind. But spiritually all mankind suffered hunger except the Jews; for they possessed the treasures of legal tradition and the teachings of the holy prophets.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers2 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

SERMON 290.6 · Written before 430.

proposed

Who are the hungry? The humble, the needy. Who are the rich? Proud and self-important people. I will not send you far to find them. I will show you now, in one and the same temple, one of those rich who are sent away empty, and one of those poor who are filled with good things."Two men went up into the temple to pray. One a Pharisee and the other a tax collector." … Observe the rich man burping his undigested food, breathing out the fumes of his intoxication—with pride, though, not with justice. "God," he says, "I thank you because I am not like other men, robbers, unjust, adulterers, like this tax collector here." … Come, poor men—come along, hungry tax collector. Rather, stand there, where you are standing. The tax collector, you see, "was standing a long way off," but the Lord was drawing near to the humble. He did not dare to raise his eyes to heaven; yet where he did not raise his eyes, that is where he had his heart.

A commentator

Cyril of Alexandria

Commentary on the Gospel of Luke · Written before 444.

proposed

By the hungry, she means the human race: for, excepting the Jews only, they were pining with famine. The Jews, however, were enriched by the giving of the law, and by the teaching of the holy prophets. For "to them belonged the giving of the law, the adoption of sons, the worship, the promises." But they became wanton with high feeding, and too elate at their dignity; and having refused to draw near humbly to the Incarnate One, they were sent empty away, carrying nothing with them, neither faith nor knowledge, nor the hope of blessings. For verily they became both outcasts from the earthly Jerusalem, and aliens from the glorious life that is to be revealed, because they received not the Prince of Life, but even crucified the Lord of Glory, and abandoned the fountain of living water, and set at nought the bread that came down from heaven. And for this reason there came upon them a famine severer than any other, and a thirst more bitter than every thirst: for it was not a famine of the material bread, nor a thirst of water, "but a famine of hearing the Word of the Lord." But the heathen, who were hungering and athirst, and with their soul wasted away with misery, were filled with spiritual blessings, because they received the Lord. For the privileges of the Jews passed over unto them.

The Medieval Church3 voices

A commentator

Bonaventure

Commentary on Luke, Chapter 1 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

Third, she praises the Lord in the aforesaid work, insofar as it is a manifestation of generosity, when she says: He has filled the hungry with good things, and the rich He has sent away empty; because true generosity is to give to the poor, …

A commentator

Ancient Greek Expositor

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 1274.

proposed

(Macarius ex Serm. 1.) For our understanding is acknowledged to be the judgment-seat of God, but after the transgression, the powers of evil took their seat in the heart of the first man as on their own throne. For this reason then the Lord came and cast out the evil spirits from the seat of our will, and raised up those who were vanquished by devils, purging their consciences, and making their hearts his own dwelling place.

A commentator

Glossa Ordinaria

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 1274.

proposed

(non occ.) Because human prosperity seems to consist chiefly in the honours of the mighty and the abundance of their riches, after speaking of the casting down of the mighty, and the exalting of the humble, he goes on to tell of the impoverishing of the rich and the filling of the poor, He hath filled the hungry, &c. (ordin.) They also who desire eternal life with their whole soul, as it were hungering after it, shall be filled when Christ shall appear in glory; but they who rejoice in earthly things, shall at the end be sent away emptied of all happiness.
9 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Theophylact of Ohrid

Commentary on Luke · Written before 1107.

proposed

He likewise "filled the hungry with good things" — the same ones, that is, the Gentiles (for they had no Scriptures, law, or commandments) — with good things from the Scriptures, while the Jews, who were "rich" in the law and commandments, He sent away …

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

He hath filled the hungry with good things,....

The Nineteenth Century7 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

His "Anointed," whose horn He will exalt (1Sa 2:10); in the Virgin's song, it is as the "Help" promised to Israel by all the prophets. My soul . . . my spirit--"all that is within me" (Ps 103:1).
THIS song of Mary is full of sweet Gospel teaching. She was evidently a woman well instructed in Divine Truth and, though but young in years, she must have been deeply experienced in the things of God. Notice how she casts the Truth of God into the form of song—there is a wisdom in this, for we are to teach and admonish one another, "in Psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs." Truth is never more likely to abide in the memory and to impress the heart than when it is delivered in verse.
These verses contain Mary's famous hymn of praise, in the prospect of becoming the "mother of our Lord." Next to the Lord's Prayer, perhaps, few passages of Scripture are better known than this. Wherever the Church of England's Prayer-book is used, this hymn forms part of the evening service. And we need not wonder that the compilers of that Prayer-book gave it so prominent a place. No words can express more aptly the praise for redeeming mercy which ought to form part of the public worship of every branch of Christ's Church. Let us mark, firstly — the full acquaintance with Scripture which this hymn exhibits. We are reminded as we read it, of many expressions in the book of Psalms. Above all, we are reminded of the song of Hannah , in first Samuel, chapter 2. It is evident that Mary's memory was stored with Scripture. She was familiar, whether by hearing or by reading — with the Old Testament. And so, when out of the abundance of her heart her mouth spoke, she gave vent to her feelings in Scriptural language. Moved by the Holy Spirit to break forth into praise, she chooses language which the Holy Spirit had already consecrated and used. Let us strive, every year we live — to become more deeply acquainted with Scripture. Let us study it, search into it, dig into it, meditate on it — until it dwells in us richly. (Colossians 3:16.) In particular, let us labor to make ourselves familiar with those parts of the Bible which, like the book of Psalms, describe the experience of the saints of old. We shall find it most helpful to us in all our approaches to God. It will supply us with the best and most suitable language both for the expression of our needs and thanksgivings. Such knowledge of the Bible can doubtless never be attained without regular, daily study. But the time spent on such study is never misspent. It will bear fruit after many days.
These verses contain Mary's famous hymn of praise, in the prospect of becoming the "mother of our Lord." Next to the Lord's Prayer, perhaps, few passages of Scripture are better known than this. Wherever the Church of England's Prayer-book is used, this hymn forms part of the evening service. And we need not wonder that the compilers of that Prayer-book gave it so prominent a place. No words can express more aptly the praise for redeeming mercy which ought to form part of the public worship of every branch of Christ's Church.
THIS song of Mary is full of sweet Gospel teaching. She was evidently a woman well instructed in Divine Truth and, though but young in years, she must have been deeply experienced in the things of God. Notice how she casts the Truth of God into the form of song—there is a wisdom in this, for we are to teach and admonish one another, "in Psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs." Truth is never more likely to abide in the memory and to impress the heart than when it is delivered in verse. Both the ears of men and the minds of men delight in rhyme and rhythm—memory grasps and retains Truth more readily when it is put into poetic form than in any other. Therefore they do well who enrich the Church with "Psalms, and hymns, and spiritual songs." And you who cannot make songs will do equally well if you sing them! Let us set the Gospel to music! Let us especially do this in our daily life. I think that the Doctrines of Grace were never intended to be made into a dirge, but they make a most heavenly marriage song. The great Truths of the Gospel were never meant to be told with dolorous tones as if they were sad solemnities, but they are meant to fill us with delight—and if they thoroughly permeate our nature, they will turn our whole life into a hallelujah and make every breath a verse of a sonnet that shall know no end! Whenever you feel most glad in the things of God, be sure you do as Mary did—sing out your gladness and make the people of God know that the things of Christ are things of joy to you. Obey the poet's injunction— "Children of the heavenly King, As you journey, sweetly sing! Sing your Savior's worthy praise, Glorious in His works and ways!" I commend to you the song of Mary for another reason—not only because she turned the Truth of God into poetry and song, but because she sang of mercies which were not yet visible to her.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Filled the hungry - the rich he hath sent empty away - God is here represented under the notion of a person of unbounded benevolence, who is daily feeding multitudes at his gates. The poor and the rich are equally dependent upon him; to the one he gives his affluence for a season, and to the other his daily bread. The poor man comes through a sense of his want to get his daily support, and God feeds him; the rich man comes through the lust of gain, to get more added to his abundance, and, God sends him empty away - not only gives him nothing more, but often deprives him of that which he has, because he has not improved it to the honor of the giver. There is an allusion here, as in several other parts of this song, to the case of Hannah and Peninah, as related 1Sa 1:2, etc.; 1Sa 2:1-10.
He hath filled the hungry with good things - This is a celebration of the general mercy of God. He hath daily fed the poor, the needy, and those who came to Him with humble hearts. The rich he hath sent ... - While the poor come to him for a supply of their daily wants, the rich come not that their necessities should be supplied, but come with lofty hearts, and insatiable desires that their riches may be increased.

The words behind it

7 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • πεινῶντας[Those] hungering

    peinontasG3983 →23 times

  • ἐνέπλησενHe has filled

    eneplesenG1705 →

  • ἀγαθῶνwith good things

    agathonG18 →102 times

  • καὶand

    kaiG2532 →9120 times

  • πλουτοῦντας[those] being rich

    ploutountasG4147 →

  • ἐξαπέστειλενHe has sent away

    exapesteilenG1821 →12 times

  • κενούς·empty;

    kenousG2756 →18 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Psalms 34:10

    Young lions go lacking and hungry, but those who seek the LORD lack no good thing.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 84:11

      For the LORD God is a sun and a shield; the LORD gives grace and glory; He withholds no good thing from those who walk with integrity.

    • Matthew 6:32

      For the Gentiles strive after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them.

    • Psalms 104:21

      The young lions roar for their prey and seek their food from God.

    • Luke 1:51–53

      He has performed mighty deeds with His arm; He has scattered those who are proud in the thoughts of their hearts.

    • Job 4:10–11

      The lion may roar, and the fierce lion may growl, yet the teeth of the young lions are broken.

  • Through

    Luke 6:21

    Blessed are you who hunger now, for you will be filled. Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh.

    it leads to

    • John 6:35

      Jesus answered, “I am the bread of life. Whoever comes to Me will never hunger, and whoever believes in Me will never thirst.

    • Matthew 5:6

      Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.

    • James 1:12

      Blessed is the man who perseveres under trial, because when he has stood the test, he will receive the crown of life that God has promised to those who love Him.

Where this verse is studied

About Luke

The Return of the Prodigal Son, Rembrandt, about 1668. Public domain.
The Return of the Prodigal Son, Rembrandt, about 1668. Public domain.
This page draws on 13 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ancient Greek Expositor, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Augustine of Hippo, SERMON 290.6; Basil of Caesarea, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 1; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2582: “Alto and Bass” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on the Gospel of Luke; Glossa Ordinaria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748) and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke.