Luke 22:4
in Luke 22And Judas went to discuss with the chief priests and temple officers how he might betray Jesus to them.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And he went away, and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might deliver him unto them.
KJV
And he went his way, and communed with the chief priests and captains, how he might betray him unto them.
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This verse in Luke 22
Commentary
13 notes on this verseBy "captains" he here means the overseers of the temple buildings, or the supervisors of good order. For the Romans had appointed certain overseers over the people, so that they would not revolt, for they were rebellious. These are the ones he calls captains (in …
This site's exposition
Then Satan entered Judas Iscariot
on Luke 22:3-6
Then Satan entered Judas Iscariot, who was one of the Twelve; Luke names the spiritual power at work alongside the man's own choice. The chief priests agreed to give him money; Matthew's Gospel names the sum, thirty pieces of silver, the price of a slave under Exodus 21:32.
This site's exposition
temple officers
Adam Clarke takes the temple officers as the commanders of the priests who kept guard at the temple, and he cites Josephus for them. Theophylact reads them as overseers who kept good order among the people. Judas went to the men who could make an arrest.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers2 voices
(ut sup.) Observe the exceeding iniquity of Judas, that he both sets out by himself, and that he does this for gain. It follows, And he went his way, and communed with the chief priests and captains.
Jesus Christ our Savior has been crucified. The author of this crime and father of this wickedness is, without doubt, the devil. It is written: "When, however, the devil had entered the heart of Judas Iscariot that he should betray him." The devil is the father of sin. He fathered Judas as his first son in this wickedness, but Judas alone could not execute the betrayal. What then is written?
The Medieval Church2 voices
The magistrates here mentioned were those appointed to take care of the buildings of the temple, or it may be those whom the Romans had set over the people to keep them from breaking forth into tumult; for they were seditious.
Fourth, as regards the greed of Judas the traitor, it is added: And he went and spoke with the chief priests and magistrates. He spoke with them because he knew that they thirsted for the blood of Christ. — He spoke words of betrayal, and …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
And he went his way,....
5 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
Note, It is hard to say whether more mischief is done to Christ's kingdom by the power and policy of its open enemies, or by the treachery and self-seeking of its pretended friends: nay, without the latter its enemies could not gain their point as they do.
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
And captains - Among the priests who were in waiting at the temple, some were appointed φυλακες, for a guard to the temple; and over these were Ϛρατηγοι commanding officers: both sorts are mentioned by Josephus, War, b. vi. c. 5. s. 3. Bp. Pearce, See another sense of captains, in the note on Mat 27:65 (note). Dr. Lightfoot supposes these to have been the captains over the watches; for in three places the priests kept watch and ward in the temple, viz. in Beth Abtenes, in Beth Nitsots, and in Beth Mokad.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
The chapter which opens with these verses, begins Luke's account of our Lord's sufferings and death. No part of the Gospels is so important as this. The death of Christ — was the life of the world. No part of our Lord's history is so fully given by all the gospel writers as this. Only two of them describe the circumstances of Christ's birth. All four dwell minutely on Christ's death. And of all the four, no one supplies us with such full and interesting details as Luke.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
The chapter which opens with these verses, begins Luke's account of our Lord's sufferings and death. No part of the Gospels is so important as this. The death of Christ — was the life of the world. No part of our Lord's history is so fully given by all the gospel writers as this. Only two of them describe the circumstances of Christ's birth. All four dwell minutely on Christ's death. And of all the four, no one supplies us with such full and interesting details as Luke. We see, firstly, in these verses — that high offices in the church do not preserve the holders of them from great blindness and sin. We read that "the chief priests and scribes sought how they might kill Jesus." The first step in putting Christ to death, was taken by the religious teachers of the Jewish nation. The very men who ought to have welcomed the Messiah — were the men who conspired to kill Him. The very teachers who ought to have rejoiced at the appearing of the Lamb of God — had the chief hand in slaying Him. They sat in Moses' seat. They claimed to be "guides of the blind," and "lights of those who were in darkness." (Romans 2:19.) They belonged to the tribe of Levi. They were, most of them — in direct succession and descent from Aaron. Yet they were the very men who crucified the Lord of glory! With all their boasted knowledge — they were far more ignorant than the few Galilean fishermen who followed Christ. Let us beware of attaching an excessive importance to Christian ministers because of their office. Ordination and religious office confer no exemption from error. The greatest heresies have been sown, and the greatest practical abuses have been introduced into the church — by ordained men! Respect is undoubtedly due to high official position. Order and discipline ought not to be forgotten.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
Chief priests and captains - See the notes at Mat 26:14. See the account of the bargain which Judas made with them explained in the Mat 26:14-16 notes, and Mar 14:10-11 notes. Absence of the multitude - The multitude, “the people,” were then favorable to Jesus. He had preached in the temple, and many of them believed that he was the Messiah. It was a hazardous thing, therefore, to take him by force, and in their presence, as they might rise and rescue him. Hence, they sought to take him when “he” was away from the multitude; and as Judas knew of a place where he could be found “alone,” they were glad of the opportunity of so easily securing him.
How the passage was read
On Luke 22:1-23On Luke 22:1-23
The cups on the table
Luke alone records TWO cups (22:17, 22:20), and the detail is at home in the feast: the Passover meal was ordered around four cups of wine, a structure already fixed in the Mishnah, the first written code of Jewish oral law (Pesachim 10:1). Passover (Pesach) is the spring feast remembering the exodus; its meal, the seder (“order”), moved through blessing, story, and psalm with a cup at each station. Jesus takes the feast's own furniture, and at the cup after supper says the words that made it new: “this cup... is the new covenant in my blood.”
The seder as Jewish families keep it today descends from the same order, reshaped after the Temple fell in AD 70; the lamb on the table then is matzah and remembrance now.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10:1 (the four cups) · The Lord's Supper (this site's study)
The words behind it
12 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀπελθὼν | apelthon | having gone away | G565 → | 115 times |
| συνελάλησεν | sunelalesen | he spoke with | G4814 → | 6 times |
| τοῖς | tois | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἀρχιερεῦσιν | archiereusin | chief priests | G749 → | 122 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| στρατηγοῖς | strategois | captains | G4755 → | |
| τὸ | to | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πῶς | pos | how | G4459 → | 103 times |
| αὐτοῖς | autois | to them | G846 → | 5565 times |
| παραδῷ | parado | he may betray | G3860 → | 119 times |
| αὐτόν. | auton | Him. | G846 → | 5565 times |
καὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀπελθὼνhaving gone away
apelthonG565 →115 times
συνελάλησενhe spoke with
sunelalesenG4814 →6 times
τοῖςthe
toisG3588 →19766 times
ἀρχιερεῦσινchief priests
archiereusinG749 →122 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
στρατηγοῖςcaptains
strategoisG4755 →
τὸ<the>
toG3588 →19766 times
πῶςhow
posG4459 →103 times
αὐτοῖςto them
autoisG846 →5565 times
παραδῷhe may betray
paradoG3860 →119 times
αὐτόν.Him.
autonG846 →5565 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Acts 4:1While Peter and John were speaking to the people, the priests and the captain of the temple guard and the Sadducees came up to them,
it leads to
- Acts 5:26
At that point, the captain went with the officers and brought the apostles—but not by force, for fear the people would stone them.
Reached by 3 separate paths from here.
- Acts 23:6–9
Then Paul, knowing that some of them were Sadducees and others Pharisees, called out in the Sanhedrin, “Brothers, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee. It is because of my hope in…
- Acts 6:12
So they stirred up the people, elders, and scribes and confronted Stephen. They seized him and brought him before the Sanhedrin,
- Acts 5:24
When the captain of the temple guard and the chief priests heard this account, they were perplexed as to what was happening.
- Acts 5:26
Through
Acts 5:26At that point, the captain went with the officers and brought the apostles—but not by force, for fear the people would stone them.
it leads to
- Acts 5:13
Although the people regarded them highly, no one else dared to join them.
- Acts 5:13
Through
Acts 5:24When the captain of the temple guard and the chief priests heard this account, they were perplexed as to what was happening.
it leads to
- Acts 4:1
While Peter and John were speaking to the people, the priests and the captain of the temple guard and the Sadducees came up to them,
- Acts 4:1
Through
Luke 22:52Then Jesus said to the chief priests, temple officers, and elders who had come for Him, “Have you come out with swords and clubs as you would against an outlaw?
it leads to
- Matthew 26:55
At that time Jesus said to the crowd, “Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest Me as you would an outlaw? Every day I sat teaching in the temple courts, and…
- Mark 14:48–49
Jesus asked the crowd, “Have you come out with swords and clubs to arrest Me as you would an outlaw?
- Matthew 26:55
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies25
On this verse
On this chapter
- The Covenants
- Forgiving Yourself: What Scripture Says
- Gethsemane (The Garden Called the Oil Press)
- Hospitality
- Jesus on Discipleship
- Jesus on the Kingdom
Show the next 6 titles
About Luke

This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 22; J. C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels, Luke; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); John Chrysostom, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON EXODUS 8.6; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke and Theophylact of Ohrid, Catena Aurea by Aquinas.
