Hebrews 12:20
in Hebrews 12For they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.”
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
for they could not endure that which was enjoined, If even a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned;
KJV
(For they could not endure that which was commanded, And if so much as a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned, or thrust through with a dart:
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This verse in Hebrews 12
Commentary
11 notes on this verseThat is, they could not bear to hear with their ears what God was saying, as something terrifying. And so they became the reason for God's appearing in the flesh, so as to become accessible to them.
This site's exposition
a mountain that can be touched
on Hebrews 12:18-21
The comparison opens with Sinai, a mountain that can be touched and that is burning with fire. The rule about an animal that touches the mountain comes from Exodus 19:12 to 13. Moses' words I am trembling with fear come from outside the Exodus account of Sinai.
This site's exposition
If even an animal touches the mountain
Jamieson, Fausset and Brown read the rule as even a beast, and much more a man. The letter shortens the full order of Exodus 19:12 and names only the stoning, which applied to the human offender. John Wesley places the terror in the hearing itself.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
"For they could not bear what was commanded." He stated the reason for the excuse, because they could not bear what was being defined, that is, what was being commanded or said. Indeed, they said to Moses: "Speak to us, and let not God speak …
While he brought out the fearsome things, he did not reveal the fruit springing from them. He did not say he "appeared," because what they saw was not the God of all in person but some impression of the divine coming.
Wonderful indeed were the things in the Temple, the Holy of Holies; and again awful were those things also that were done at Mount Sinai, "the fire, the darkness, the blackness, the tempest." For, it says, "God appeared in Sinai," and long ago were these things celebrated. The New Covenant, however, was not given with any of these things, but has been given in simple discourse by God. See then how he makes the comparison in these points also. And with good reason has he put them afterwards. For when he had persuaded them by innumerable arguments, when he had also shown the difference between each covenant, then afterwards, the one having been already condemned, he easily enters on these points also. These things, he means, are terrible; and so terrible that they could not even bear to hear them, that not even "a beast" dared to go up. For it is said, "Let not God speak, but let Moses speak unto us. And so fearful was that which was commanded, Though even a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned; Moses said, I exceedingly fear and quake." What wonder as respects the people? He himself who entered into "the darkness where God was," saith, "I exceedingly fear and quake." Fearful were those things, but these are far more admirable and glorious. For here there is not "darkness," nor "blackness," nor "tempest." It seems to me that by these words he hints at the obscurity of the Old Testament, and the overshadowed and veiled character of the Law. And besides the Giver of the Law appears in fire terrible, and apt to punish those who transgress. But what are "the sounds of the trumpet"? Probably it is as though some King were coming. This at all events will also be at the second coming. "At the last trump" all must be raised. But it is the trumpet of His voice which effects this. […]
The Medieval Church1 voice
701. – He mentions the reason why they excused themselves, namely, because they could not endure God's words; hence, they could not endure the order that was given: 'What is all flesh that it should hear the voice of the living God, who speaks out …
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
It was a gross sensible state. Mount Sinai, on which that church-state was constituted, was a mount that might be touched (
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
3 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
For they could not endure that which was commanded,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
For they could not endure that which was commanded - They could not sustain the awe produced by the fact that God uttered his commands himself. The meaning is not that the commands themselves were intolerable, but that the manner in which they were communicated inspired a terror which they could not bear. They feared that they should die; Exo 20:19. And if so much as a beast touch the mountain, it shall be stoned - Exo 19:13. The prohibition was, that neither beast nor man should touch it on pain of death.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
that which was commanded--"the interdict" [TITTMANN]. A stern interdictory mandate is meant. And--rather, "Even if a beast (much more a man) touch," &c. or thrust through with a dart--omitted in the oldest manuscripts.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase
The words behind it
11 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| οὐκ | ouk | not [able] | G3756 → | 1664 times |
| ἔφερον | epheron | they were bearing | G5342 → | 66 times |
| γὰρ | gar | for | G1063 → | 1039 times |
| τὸ | to | which | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| διαστελλόμενον· | diastellomenon | is being commanded: | G1291 → | |
| κἂν | kan | If even | G2532 →G1437 → | 352 times |
| θηρίον | therion | a beast | G2342 → | |
| θίγῃ | thige | shall touch | G2345 → | |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ὄρους, | orous | mountain, | G3735 → | 62 times |
| λιθοβοληθήσεται | lithobolethesetai | it will be stoned | G3036 → |
οὐκnot [able]
oukG3756 →1664 times
ἔφερονthey were bearing
epheronG5342 →66 times
γὰρfor
garG1063 →1039 times
τὸwhich
toG3588 →19766 times
διαστελλόμενον·is being commanded:
diastellomenonG1291 →
κἂνIf even
θηρίονa beast
therionG2342 →
θίγῃshall touch
thigeG2345 →
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
ὄρους,mountain,
orousG3735 →62 times
λιθοβοληθήσεταιit will be stoned
lithobolethesetaiG3036 →
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Galatians 3:10All who rely on works of the law are under a curse. For it is written: “Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law.”
it leads to
- Deuteronomy 27:26
‘Cursed is he who does not put the words of this law into practice.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’
- Romans 8:7
because the mind of the flesh is hostile to God: It does not submit to God’s law, nor can it do so.
- Romans 3:19–20
Now we know that whatever the law says, it says to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the whole world held accountable to God.
- Deuteronomy 11:26–28
See, today I am setting before you a blessing and a curse—
- James 2:9–11
But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors.
- Deuteronomy 27:26
Through
Galatians 2:19For through the law I died to the law so that I might live to God.
it leads to
- Romans 7:4
Therefore, my brothers, you also died to the law through the body of Christ, that you might belong to another, to Him who was raised from the dead, in order that we might bear…
- Romans 6:2
Certainly not! How can we who died to sin live in it any longer?
- Romans 7:4
Through
Deuteronomy 33:2He said: “The LORD came from Sinai and dawned upon us from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran and came with myriads of holy ones, with flaming fire at His right hand.
it leads to
- Habakkuk 3:3
God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah His glory covered the heavens, and His praise filled the earth.
- Habakkuk 3:3
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies41
- The General Epistles
- Cain and Abel
- Edom, the nation of Esau
- Esau
- Eternal Security, and the Five Warnings of Hebrews
- Faith
Show the next 6 titles
- The Hall of Faith
- Fire
- Forgiveness and Health
- The Fruit of the Spirit
- You Are Good, and You Do What Is Good
- Entertaining Angels Unaware
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- Jerusalem
- The Joy Set Before Him
- Nadab and Abihu: the unauthorized fire
- Once for All: the Finished Sacrifice
- Patience
- Blessed Are the Peacemakers
Show the next 6 titles
Show the next 6 titles
About Hebrews

This page draws on 13 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, Homily on Hebrews 32; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Owen, An Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, The Pseudo-Oecumenian Catena on Hebrews; Theodoret of Cyrus, INTERPRETATION OF HEBREWS 12; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Hebrews and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Hebrews.
