Also called: mourning, sorrow, lament, weeping, brokenhearted, bereavement
This subject covers sorrow carried honestly before God, and the shape Scripture gives it in lament. What was taken belongs to Loss. Pain that has no death in it belongs to Suffering.
What Grief covers, and where it stops
This subject covers sorrow carried honestly before God, and the shape Scripture gives it in lament. What was taken belongs to Loss. Pain that has no death in it belongs to Suffering.
On this page, 6 sections
The one drawing
Across the canon
Old Testament
New Testament
The other 57 books of the canon carry none.
12 passages
Where Scripture speaks
The passages this subject stands on, in canon order.
She died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went out to mourn and to weep for her.All his sons and daughters tried to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted. “No,” he said. “I will go down to Sheol mourning for my son.” So his father wept for him.Then Job stood up, tore his robe, and shaved his head. He fell to the ground and worshiped,Then they sat on the ground with him for seven days and seven nights, but no one spoke a word to him because they saw how intense his suffering was.The LORD is near to the brokenhearted; He saves the contrite in spirit.a time to weep and a time to laugh, a time to mourn and a time to dance,He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows, acquainted with grief. Like one from whom men hide their faces, He was despised, and we esteemed Him not.to console the mourners in Zion—to give them a crown of beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, and a garment of praise for a spirit of despair. So they will be called oaks of righteousness, the planting of the LORD, that He may be glorified.Oh, that my head were a spring of water, and my eyes a fountain of tears! I would weep day and night over the slain daughter of my people.Jesus wept.Rejoice with those who rejoice; weep with those who weep.‘He will wipe away every tear from their eyes,’ and there will be no more death or mourning or crying or pain, for the former things have passed away.”
Grief in Scripture, in full
Scripture never rushes grief. It gives sorrow room to be fully itself before it says a word about comfort, and that pattern starts early. When Sarah dies, Abraham does not simply arrange a burial; he comes to mourn for her and to weep for her (Genesis 23:2), taking time to feel the loss before he does anything practical about it. When Jacob believes Joseph is dead, his sons try to comfort him and cannot; he refuses to be comforted, and weeps for his son (Genesis 37:35). Grief that deep does not obey anyone's timetable, not even a loving family's.
Job's friends understand this, at least at first. When they see the scale of his suffering, they do not offer explanations. They sit with him on the ground seven days and seven nights, and none of them speaks a word, because they see that his grief is very great (Job 2:13). Silence, not solutions, is their first and best gift: a gift they later abandon when they start talking.
The Psalms give grief its own language, one raw enough to still be used today. God stays nigh to the brokenhearted (Psalm 34:18): not a promise that grief will be avoided, but a promise that God stays close inside it. Ecclesiastes states plainly that mourning has its appointed place in a life, alongside everything else: a time to weep, and a time to mourn (Ecclesiastes 3:4).
Isaiah's prophecy of the coming Messiah does not skip grief either; it walks straight through the middle of it. He is described as "a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief" (Isaiah 53:3). Before Jesus ever wept himself, Scripture had already said he would be no stranger to weeping. That word finds its fulfillment centuries later, at a graveside outside Bethany.
Jesus arrives after his friend Lazarus has already died, sees Mary and the mourners weeping, and the Gospel records the shortest, heaviest sentence in the whole Bible: "Jesus wept" (John 11:35). He knew he was about to raise Lazarus back to life within minutes. He wept anyway. Grief was not a failure of faith for him; it was the honest response to death, even death he was about to undo.
That same honesty is asked of his followers. Paul does not tell the Roman church to skip past sorrow; he tells them to enter into each other's, to weep with them that weep (Romans 12:15). Grief shared is grief carried differently than grief carried alone.
None of this is the end of the story. Isaiah also promises beauty for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning (Isaiah 61:3), and the last book of the Bible finishes what the first books started: God will wipe away every tear, and there will be no more death, sorrow, or crying (Revelation 21:4). Scripture never pretends grief isn't real. It simply insists grief isn't forever, because the one who wept at a tomb is the same one who walked out of his own.
5 voices
What teachers have said
Herein he was a type of Christ,--who was intimately acquainted with grief and often in tears.
Matthew Henry · Commentary on the Whole Bible, 1710
No words can express their sorrows: small griefs are eloquent, great ones dumb.
Adam Clarke · Commentary on the Bible
Written before 1832.
When you return to Zion and dwell in Jerusalem, you will not weep as you wept before, but your mourning will turn into joy
Jerome · Commentary on Isaiah
Written before 420.
And the Lord weeps, seeing the man made in His own image marred by corruption, that He may put an end to our tears.
Cyril of Alexandria · Commentary on the Gospel of John, Book 7
Written before 444.
For the 'mouth' of the righteous will then be 'filled with laughing' when the tears of their pilgrimage being done, their hearts shall be filled to the full with exulting in eternal joy.
Gregory the Dialogist · Morals on the Book of Job, Book VIII
Written before 604.
The words underneath
Each card is one Hebrew or Greek word behind grief. It gives the sense, the count across the canon, and the number in Strong's 1890 concordance.
bakah: to weep
Hebrew · H1058Strong's entry: to weep; generally to bemoan
the Bible's plain, most common word for crying
114 times in the Old Testament · bakah, in full →
chalah: be weak: weak
Hebrew · H2470Strong's entry: properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to be weak, sick, afflicted; or (causatively) to grieve, make sick; also to stroke (in flattering), entreat
figuratively, to grieve or be sick with sorrow
76 times in the Old Testament · chalah, in full →
klaio: to weep
Greek · G2799Strong's entry: to sob, i.e. wail aloud (whereas 1145 is rather to cry silently)
the loud, visible weeping of mourners in grief
39 times in the New Testament · klaio, in full →
abal: to mourn
Hebrew · H56Strong's entry: to bewail
grief expressed openly, not hidden
39 times in the Old Testament · abal, in full →
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