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John 19:40

in John 19

So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

So they took the body of Jesus, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as the custom of the Jews is to bury.

KJV

Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury.

This verse in John 19

Commentary

23 notes on this verse
Christ was numbered among the dead, Who for our sake became dead, according to the Flesh, but Whom we conceive to be, and Who is, in fact, Life, of Himself, and through His Father. And, that He might fulfil all righteousness, that is, all that was appropriate to the form of man, He of His own Will subjected the Temple of His Body not merely to death, but also to what follows after death, that is, burial and being laid in the tomb.

This site's exposition

a mixture of myrrh and aloes

on John 19:39-40

Nicodemus came to Jesus at night in chapter 3 and comes now in daylight to bury Him. The myrrh and aloes weigh about seventy-five pounds, the quantity used at a royal burial. They wrap the body in linen and spices.

This site's exposition

according to the Jewish burial custom

The burial follows Jewish custom. Aquinas raises the difference of number, linen cloths here and one linen cloth at Matthew 27:59. Bede records that the church's custom of consecrating the body of the Lord on clean linen traces to this burial of Jesus.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

HARMONY OF THE GOSPELS 3.23.60 · Written before 430.

proposed

For those Evangelists who have left Nicodemus unnoticed have not affirmed that the Lord was buried by Joseph alone, although he is the only one introduced into their records. Neither does the fact that these three are all at one in informing us how the Lord was wrapped in the linen cloth by Joseph, preclude us from entertaining the idea that other linens may have been brought by Nicodemus and added to what was given by Joseph. So John may be perfectly correct in his narrative, especially as what he tells us is that the Lord was wrapped not in a linen cloth but in linen clothes. At the same time, when we take into account the handkerchief that was used for the head and the bandages with which the whole body was wrapped, and consider that all these were made of linen, we can see how, even though there was really but a single linen cloth [of the kind referred to by the first three Evangelists] there, it could still have been stated with the most perfect truth that "they wound him in linen clothes." For the phrase "linen clothes" is one applied generally to all textures made of flax.

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 430.

proposed

(Tr. cxx) Wherein the Evangelist intimates, that in paying the last offices of the dead, the custom of the nation is to be followed. It was the custom of the Jewish nation to embalm their dead bodies, in order that they might keep the longer. (de Con. Evang. iii. 23) Nor does John here contradict the other Evangelists, who, though they are silent about Nicodemus, yet do not affirm that our Lord was buried by Joseph alone. Nor because they say that our Lord was wrapped in a linen cloth by Joseph, do they say that other linen cloths may not have been brought by Nicodemus in addition; so that John may be right in saying, not, in a single cloth, but, in linen cloths. Nay more, the napkin which was about His head and the bands which were tied round His body being all of linen, though there were but one linen cloth, He may yet be said to have been wrapped up in linen cloths: linen cloths being taken in a general sense, as comprehending all that was made of linen.

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

Tractates on John 120 · Written before 430.

proposed

"Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury." The evangelist, I think, was not without a purpose in so framing his words, "as the manner of the Jews is to bury:" for in this way, unless I am mistaken, he has admonished us that, in duties of this kind, which are observed to the dead, the customs of every nation ought to be preserved.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS 5.8.4 · Written before 253.

proposed

If you still live to sin, you cannot be buried with Jesus or laid in his new tomb because your old self still lives and cannot walk in newness of life. Therefore the Holy Spirit was careful to hand down through the Scriptures that it was a new sepulcher in which Jesus was buried and that he was wrapped in a clean linen cloth. He did this so that everyone who wants to be buried with Jesus by baptism might know that nothing of the old state should be brought to the new tomb, nothing of uncleanness to the clean linen cloth.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

Homily on the Gospel of John 85 · Written before 407.

proposed

"After this came Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple." Not one of the twelve, but perhaps one of the seventy. For now deeming that the anger of the Jews was quenched by the Cross, they approached without fear, and took charge of His funeral. Joseph therefore came and asked the favor from Pilate, which he granted; why should he not? Nicodemus also assists him, and furnishes a costly burial. For they were still disposed to think of Him as a mere man. And they brought those spices whose especial nature is to preserve the body for a long time, and not to allow it quickly to yield to corruption, which was an act of men imagining nothing great respecting Him; but anyhow, they exhibited very loving affection. But how did no one of the twelve come, neither John, nor Peter, nor any other of the more distinguished disciples? Nor doth the writer conceal this point. If any one say that it was from fear of the Jews, these men also were occupied by the same fear; for Joseph too was, it saith, "A secret (disciple) for fear of the Jews." And not one can say that Joseph acted thus because he greatly despised them, but though himself afraid, still he came. But John who was present, and had seen Him expire, did nothing of the kind. It seems to me that Joseph was a man of high rank, (as is clear from the funeral,) and known to Pilate, on which account also he obtained the favor; and then he buried Him, not as a criminal, but magnificently, after the Jewish fashion, as some great and admirable one.
15 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church6 voices

A commentator

Theophylact of Ohrid

Commentary on John · Written before 1107.

proposed

Both of them held nothing Divine concerning Him, but were disposed toward Him only as toward a man, because they brought such spices as chiefly had the power to preserve the body for a long time and prevent it from quickly succumbing to decay. And …

A commentator

Theophylact of Ohrid

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 1107.

proposed

In that it was a new sepulchre, we are given to understand, that we are all renewed by Christ's death, and death and corruption destroyed. Mark too the exceeding poverty that He took up for our sakes. He had no house in His lifetime, and now He is laid in another's sepulchre at His death, and His nakedness covered by Joseph. There laid they Jesus therefore because of the Jews' preparation day; for the sepulchre was nigh at hand. Even now in a certain sense Christ is put to death by the avaritious, in the person of the poor man suffering famine. Be therefore a Joseph, and cover Christ's nakedness, and, not once, but continually by contemplation, embalm Him in thy spiritual tomb, cover Him, and mix myrrh and bitter aloes; considering that bitterest sentence of all, Depart, ye cursed, into everlasting fire. (Matt. 25:41)

A commentator

Bonaventure

Commentary on John, Chapter 19 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

They took therefore. The devotion of Nicodemus is touched upon in the embalming of the body. They took therefore, namely he and Joseph, the body of Jesus and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, they anointed it, supply: as is the custom of …

A commentator

Bede

On the Gospel of Mark 4.15 · Written before 735.

proposed

It has come down as the custom of the church of consecrating the Lord's body not on silk or gold cloth but in a clean linen cloth.

A commentator

Bede

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 735.

proposed

Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner of the Jews is to bury. Hence hath come down the custom of the Church, of consecrating the Lord's body not on silk or gold cloth, but in a clean linen cloth.

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on John · Written before 1274.

proposed

2467 With the spices ready, they prepared the body of Jesus, they took the body of Jesus. There is a question here, for John says that they bound it in linen cloths, while Matthew (27:59) says that they wrapped it in a linen cloth. One …

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

13 When Pilate therefore heard that saying, he brought Jesus forth, and sat down in the judgment seat in a place that is called the Pavement, but in the Hebrew, Gabbatha. 14 And it was the preparation of the passover, and about the sixth hour: and he saith unto the Jews, Behold your King!

quarantine:scripture (2026-07-29) — verbatim-scripture

Then took they the body of Jesus,....

The Nineteenth Century7 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

But if this be the first instance, it is not the last, that a seemingly dead Christ has wakened a sympathy which a living one had failed to evoke. The heroism of faith is usually kindled by desperate circumstances, and is not seldom displayed by those who before were the most timid, and scarce known as disciples at all.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

But even if one could conceive them mistaken, could anyone have lain thus enveloped for the period during which He was in the grave, and life still remained? When, therefore, He walked forth from the tomb, we can say with the most absolute certainty, "Now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first-fruits of them that slept" (1Co 15:20).
There is a peculiar interest attached to these five verses of Scripture. They introduce us to a stranger, of whom we never heard before. They bring in an old friend, whose name is known wherever the Bible is read. They describe the most important funeral that ever took place in this world. From each of these three points of interest we may learn a very profitable lesson. We learn, for one thing, from these verses, that there are some true Christians in the world of whom very little is known. The case of Joseph of Arimathea teaches this very plainly.
There is a peculiar interest attached to these five verses of Scripture. They introduce us to a stranger, of whom we never heard before. They bring in an old friend, whose name is known wherever the Bible is read. They describe the most important funeral that ever took place in this world. From each of these three points of interest we may learn a very profitable lesson. We learn, for one thing, from these verses, that there are some true Christians in the world of whom very little is known. The case of Joseph of Arimathea teaches this very plainly. Here is a man named among the friends of Christ, whose very name we never find elsewhere in the New Testament, and whose history, both before and after this crisis, is completely withheld from the Church. He comes forward to do honor to Christ, when the Apostles had forsaken Him and fled. He cares for Him and delights to do Him service, even when dead—not because of any miracle which he saw Him do, but out of free and gratuitous love. He does not hesitate to confess himself one of Christ's friends, at a time when Jews and Romans alike had condemned Him as a malefactor, and put Him to death. Surely the man who could do such things must have had strong faith! Can we wonder that, wherever the Gospel is preached, throughout the whole world, this pious action of Joseph is told of as a memorial of him? Let us hope and believe that there are many Christians in every age, who, like Joseph, are the Lord's hidden servants, unknown to the Church and the world, but well known to God. Even in Elijah's time there were seven thousand in Israel who had never bowed the knee to Baal, although the desponding prophet knew nothing of it.
LET US go to this grave, but not to weep there—no, not to shed so much as a single tear! The stone is rolled away, our Lord's precious body is not there, for Christ has risen from the dead! It may be that, like Mary at the sepulcher, we shall see a vision of angels, but if not, we may behold a company of comforting Truths of God which still linger about the empty tomb of our ascended Lord! We are expressly told, in Holy Scripture, that our Lord was buried.
LET US go to this grave, but not to weep there—no, not to shed so much as a single tear! The stone is rolled away, our Lord's precious body is not there, for Christ has risen from the dead! It may be that, like Mary at the sepulcher, we shall see a vision of angels, but if not, we may behold a company of comforting Truths of God which still linger about the empty tomb of our ascended Lord! We are expressly told, in Holy Scripture, that our Lord was buried. It was evidently not sufficient for us merely to be told that He died—we must also know that He was buried. Why was this? Was it not, first, that we might have a certificate of His death? We do not bury living men and the Lord Jesus would not have been buried if the Centurion had not certified that He was certainly dead. The Roman officer had probably seen Christ's heart pierced by the soldier's spear, when blood and water flowed forth from His side. At any rate, when his men went to execute the coup de grace, which finished the lives of the other two, by the breaking of their legs, they were so certain that He who hung in the middle was really dead that they broke not His legs. Christ's being given up for burial was Pilate's certificate that He had not merely pretended to die, but that it was a real death and that His body had no life remaining in it. This is an essential point, for if Jesus did not die, He has made no Atonement for sin. If He died not, then He rose not—and if He rose not, then your faith is vain, you are yet in your sins! The sepulcher, therefore, occupies a very important place in the story of the death of Jesus. Again, was He not buried to fulfill a type which He had, Himself, chosen? Like as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the fish, in the heart of the sea, even so was the Son of Man to lie for that time in the heart of the earth.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Wound it in linen - See on Joh 11:44 (note).

The words behind it

19 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    John 11:44

    The man who had been dead came out with his hands and feet bound in strips of linen, and his face wrapped in a cloth. “Unwrap him and let him go,” Jesus told them.

    it leads to

    • John 5:25

      Truly, truly, I tell you, the hour is coming and has now come when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.

    • John 20:7

      The cloth that had been around Jesus’ head was rolled up, lying separate from the linen cloths.

    • John 11:25–26

      Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in Me will live, even though he dies.

    • Philippians 3:21

      who, by the power that enables Him to subject all things to Himself, will transform our lowly bodies to be like His glorious body.

    • Luke 7:15

      And the dead man sat up and began to speak! Then Jesus gave him back to his mother.

  • Through

    Luke 24:12

    Peter, however, got up and ran to the tomb. And after bending down and seeing only the linen cloths, he went away, wondering to himself what had happened.

    it leads to

  • Through

    Matthew 26:12

    By pouring this perfume on Me, she has prepared My body for burial.

    it leads to

    • John 12:7

      “Leave her alone,” Jesus replied. “She has kept this perfume in preparation for the day of My burial.

    • Mark 14:8

      She has done what she could to anoint My body in advance of My burial.

Where this verse is studied

About John

Christ Presented to the People — Gustave Doré (engraving), public domain
Christ Presented to the People — Gustave Doré (engraving), public domain
This page draws on 19 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Augustine of Hippo, HARMONY OF THE GOSPELS 3.23.60; Augustine of Hippo, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Augustine of Hippo, Tractates on John 120; Bede, On the Gospel of Mark 4.15; Bede, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on John, Chapter 19; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2390: “A Royal Funeral” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on the Gospel of John, Book 12; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: John (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, Homily on the Gospel of John 85; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE EPISTLE TO THE ROMANS 5.8.4; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on John; Theophylact of Ohrid, Catena Aurea by Aquinas and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on John.