Exodus 12:31
Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Get up, leave my people, both you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested.
BSB
Parallel translations (2) ▾
ASV
And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve Jehovah, as ye have said.
KJV
And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the Lord, as ye have said.
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Commentary
1 voiceVoices on this verse
loading…Hebraic traditional view
The night Israel still keeps
This chapter founds Passover, in Hebrew Pesach, the spring feast that remembers the night God struck Egypt's firstborn and passed over the blood-marked houses. Jewish families keep it to this day with a ceremonial meal called the seder (Hebrew for “order”): unleavened flatbread (matzah), bitter herbs, cups of wine, and the retelling of this chapter's story, with the children asking the questions.
Honesty about the timeline helps the reader: in the Bible's own period the center of the feast was the lamb, slain and eaten as this chapter commands. The seder as now practiced took its shape after the Temple fell in AD 70 and the lamb could no longer be offered; its oldest written outline is in the Mishnah, the first code of Jewish oral law (about AD 200), which already includes the four cups and the rule that “in every generation a person must see himself as if he personally came out of Egypt.”
Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10 (the seder's oldest outline) · Mishnah Pesachim 10:5 (“in every generation”) · The Feasts of the LORD (this site's study)
Original language & word study
19 tagged words| Original | Transliteration | Meaning | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַיִּקְרָא֩ | vai.yik.Ra' | and he summoned | H7121 → |
| לְמֹשֶׁ֨ה | le.mo.Sheh | <to> Moses | H4872 → |
| וּֽלְאַהֲרֹ֜ן | u.le.'a.ha.Ron | and <to> Aaron | H175 → |
| לַ֗יְלָה | Lay.lah | night | H3915 → |
| וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ | vai.Yo.mer | and he said | H559 → |
| ק֤וּמוּ | Ku.mu | arise | H6965 → |
| צְּאוּ֙ | tze.'U | go out | H3318 → |
| מִתּ֣וֹךְ | mi.Tokh | from among | H8432 → |
| עַמִּ֔י | 'a.Mi | people my | H5971 → |
| גַּם־ | gam- | both | H1571 → |
| אַתֶּ֖ם | 'a.Tem | you | H859 → |
| גַּם־ | gam- | as well as | H1571 → |
| בְּנֵ֣י | be.Nei | [the] people of | H1121 → |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | Yis.ra.'El | Israel | H3478 → |
| וּלְכ֛וּ | u.le.Khu | and go | H1980 → |
| עִבְד֥וּ | 'iv.Du | serve | H5647 → |
| אֶת־ | 'et- | <obj.> | H853 → |
| יְהוָ֖ה | Yah.weh | Yahweh | H3068 → |
| כְּדַבֶּרְכֶֽם׃ | ke.da.ber.Khem | as said you | H1696 → |
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