Exodus 12:34
So the people took their dough before it was leavened, carrying it on their shoulders in kneading bowls wrapped in clothing.
BSB
Parallel translations (2) ▾
ASV
And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
KJV
And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.
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Commentary
1 voiceVoices on this verse
loading…Hebraic traditional view
The night Israel still keeps
This chapter founds Passover, in Hebrew Pesach, the spring feast that remembers the night God struck Egypt's firstborn and passed over the blood-marked houses. Jewish families keep it to this day with a ceremonial meal called the seder (Hebrew for “order”): unleavened flatbread (matzah), bitter herbs, cups of wine, and the retelling of this chapter's story, with the children asking the questions.
Honesty about the timeline helps the reader: in the Bible's own period the center of the feast was the lamb, slain and eaten as this chapter commands. The seder as now practiced took its shape after the Temple fell in AD 70 and the lamb could no longer be offered; its oldest written outline is in the Mishnah, the first code of Jewish oral law (about AD 200), which already includes the four cups and the rule that “in every generation a person must see himself as if he personally came out of Egypt.”
Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10 (the seder's oldest outline) · Mishnah Pesachim 10:5 (“in every generation”) · The Feasts of the LORD (this site's study)
Original language & word study
11 tagged words| Original | Transliteration | Meaning | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַיִּשָּׂ֥א | vai.yi.Sa' | and it carried off | H5375 → |
| הָעָ֛ם | ha.'Am | the people | H5971 → |
| אֶת־ | 'et- | <obj.> | H853 → |
| בְּצֵק֖וֹ | be.tze.Ko | dough its | H1217 → |
| טֶ֣רֶם | Te.rem | before | H2962 → |
| יֶחְמָ֑ץ | yech.Matz | it was leavened | H2556 → |
| מִשְׁאֲרֹתָ֛ם | mish.'a.ro.Tam | kneading troughs their | H4863 → |
| צְרֻרֹ֥ת | tze.ru.Rot | [were] bound up | H6887 → |
| בְּשִׂמְלֹתָ֖ם | be.sim.lo.Tam | in clothes their | H8071 → |
| עַל־ | 'al- | on | H5921 → |
| שִׁכְמָֽם׃ | shikh.Mam | shoulder their | H7926 → |
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