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Exodus 12:41

in Exodus 12

At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of Jehovah went out from the land of Egypt.

KJV

And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt.

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This verse in Exodus 12

Commentary

5 notes on this verse

This site's exposition

the duration of the Israelites’ stay

on Exodus 12:40-41

The 430 years are stated twice, and the going out is dated to the very day. The Samaritan Pentateuch and the Septuagint count the 430 across Canaan and Egypt together, while the Masoretic Hebrew counts Egypt alone.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years,....

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

IT IS our firm conviction and increasing belief, that the historical books of Scripture were intended to teach us by types and figures spiritual things. We believe that every portion of Scripture history is not only a faithful transcript of what did actually happen, but also a shadow of what happens spiritually in the dealings of God with his people, or in the dispensations of his grace towards the world at large.
IT IS our firm conviction and increasing belief, that the historical books of Scripture were intended to teach us by types and figures spiritual things. We believe that every portion of Scripture history is not only a faithful transcript of what did actually happen, but also a shadow of what happens spiritually in the dealings of God with his people, or in the dispensations of his grace towards the world at large. We do not look upon the historical books of Scripture as being mere rolls of history, such as profane authors might have written, but we regard them as being most true and infallible records of the past, and also most bright and glorious foreshadowings of the future, or else most wondrous metaphors and marvellous illustrations of things which are verily received among us, and most truly felt in the Christian heart. We may be wrong—we believe we are not; at any rate, the very error has given us instruction, and our mistake has afforded us comfort. We look upon the book of Exodus as being a book of types of the deliverances which God will give to his elect people: not only as a history of what he has done, in bringing them out of Egypt by smiting the first-born, leading them through the Red Sea, and guiding them through the wilderness, but also as a picture of his faithful dealings with all his people, whom by the blood of Christ he separates from the Egyptians, and by his strong and mighty hand takes out of the house of their bondage and out of the land of their slavery. Last Sabbath evening we had the type of the Passover—the Paschal Lamb; and we showed you then, how the sprinkled blood, and the eaten lamb, were types of the blood applied for our justification, and of the flesh received by inward communion with Jesus, the soul living and feeding upon him.

Modern Voices1 voice

From Abraham to the Exodus was 430 years (Exodus 12:40-41).

How the passage was read

On Exodus 12:1-51

On Exodus 12:1-51

The night Israel still keeps

This chapter founds Passover, in Hebrew Pesach, the spring feast that remembers the night God struck Egypt's firstborn and passed over the blood-marked houses. Jewish families keep it to this day with a ceremonial meal called the seder (Hebrew for “order”): unleavened flatbread (matzah), bitter herbs, cups of wine, and the retelling of this chapter's story, with the children asking the questions.

Honesty about the timeline helps the reader: in the Bible's own period the center of the feast was the lamb, slain and eaten as this chapter commands. The seder as now practiced took its shape after the Temple fell in AD 70 and the lamb could no longer be offered; its oldest written outline is in the Mishnah, the first code of Jewish oral law (about AD 200), which already includes the four cups and the rule that “in every generation a person must see himself as if he personally came out of Egypt.”

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10 (the seder's oldest outline) · Mishnah Pesachim 10:5 (“in every generation”) · The Feasts of the LORD (this site's study)

The words behind it

17 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיְהִ֗יand it was

    vayhiH1961 →3559 times

  • מִקֵּץ֙from [the] end of

    miketzH7093 →

  • שְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםthirty

    sheloshimH7970 →172 times

  • שָׁנָ֔הyear[s]

    shanahH8141 →877 times

  • וְאַרְבַּ֥עand four

    vearba'H702 →318 times

  • מֵא֖וֹתhundred<s>

    meotH3967 →581 times

  • שָׁנָ֑הyear[s]

    shanahH8141 →877 times

  • וַיְהִ֗יand it was

    vayhiH1961 →3559 times

  • בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙on [the] substance of

    beetzemH6106 →126 times

  • הַיּ֣וֹםthe day

    haiyomH3117 →2304 times

  • הַזֶּ֔ה<the> this

    hazehH2088 →1180 times

  • יָֽצְא֛וּthey went out

    yatzeuH3318 →1067 times

  • כָּל־all

    kol-H3605 →5413 times

  • צִבְא֥וֹת[the] hosts of

    tzivotH6635 →485 times

  • יְהוָ֖הYahweh

    yahwehH3068 →6520 times

  • מֵאֶ֥רֶץfrom [the] land of

    meeretzH776 →2504 times

  • מִצְרָֽיִם׃Egypt

    mitzrayimH4714 →641 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

Related verses

14 in all, six open

The number beside each verse is how many compiled reference works tie it to this one. The strongest six stand open.

Habakkuk 2:3For the vision awaits an appointed time; it testifies of the end and does not lie. Though it lingers, wait for it, since it will surely come and will not delay.15 worksActs 7:36He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness.7 worksExodus 12:51And on that very day the LORD brought the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their divisions.4 worksExodus 7:4Pharaoh will not listen to you. Then I will lay My hand on Egypt, and by mighty acts of judgment I will bring the divisions of My people the Israelites out of the land of Egypt.3 worksJohn 7:8Go up to the feast on your own. I am not going up to this feast, because My time has not yet come.”3 worksActs 1:7Jesus replied, “It is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by His own authority.3 works
The other 8 cross-references, with their words ▾
Exodus 12:17So you are to keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your divisions out of the land of Egypt. You must keep this day as a permanent statute for the generations to come.2 worksJoshua 5:14“Neither,” He replied. “I have now come as Commander of the LORD’s army.” Then Joshua fell facedown in reverence and asked Him, “What does my Lord have to say to His servant?”2 worksExodus 3:10Therefore, go! I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring My people the Israelites out of Egypt.”2 worksPsalms 102:13You will rise up and have compassion on Zion, for it is time to show her favor— the appointed time has come.2 worksDaniel 9:24Seventy weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city to stop their transgression, to put an end to sin, to make atonement for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy Place.2 worksEzekiel 40:1In the twenty-fifth year of our exile, at the beginning of the year, on the tenth day of the month—in the fourteenth year after Jerusalem had been struck down—on that very day the hand of the LORD was upon me, and He took me there.2 worksExodus 12:50Then all the Israelites did this—they did just as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron.2 worksDeuteronomy 26:8Then the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm, with great terror, signs, and wonders.2 works

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Habakkuk 2:3

    For the vision awaits an appointed time; it testifies of the end and does not lie. Though it lingers, wait for it, since it will surely come and will not delay.

    it leads to

    • Psalms 27:14

      Wait patiently for the LORD; be strong and courageous. Wait patiently for the LORD!

    • Hebrews 10:36–37

      You need to persevere, so that after you have done the will of God, you will receive what He has promised.

    • Ezekiel 12:25

      because I, the LORD, will speak whatever word I speak, and it will be fulfilled without delay. For in your days, O rebellious house, I will speak a message and bring it to pass,…

    • Lamentations 3:25–26

      The LORD is good to those who wait for Him, to the soul who seeks Him.

    • Psalms 102:13

      You will rise up and have compassion on Zion, for it is time to show her favor— the appointed time has come.

  • Through

    Acts 1:7

    Jesus replied, “It is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by His own authority.

    it leads to

    • Matthew 24:36

      No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

    • 1 Thessalonians 5:1–2

      Now about the times and seasons, brothers, we do not need to write to you.

    • Mark 13:32

      No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.

Where this verse is studied

On this page

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On this verse

On this chapter

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About Exodus

The Firstborn of the Egyptians Are Slain — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
The Firstborn of the Egyptians Are Slain — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Exodus: the study guide →Read Exodus 12 →

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Charles Spurgeon, The New Park Street Pulpit, Sermon No. 55: “The Exodus” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); John F. Ashton (ed.), Unwrapping the Pharaohs, ch. "A Correct Chronology" (with David Down); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: The Pentateuch.

Read on in Exodus 12 →