Exodus 12:41
At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.
BSB
Parallel translations (2) ▾
ASV
And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of Jehovah went out from the land of Egypt.
KJV
And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt.
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Commentary
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loading…Hebraic traditional view
The night Israel still keeps
This chapter founds Passover, in Hebrew Pesach, the spring feast that remembers the night God struck Egypt's firstborn and passed over the blood-marked houses. Jewish families keep it to this day with a ceremonial meal called the seder (Hebrew for “order”): unleavened flatbread (matzah), bitter herbs, cups of wine, and the retelling of this chapter's story, with the children asking the questions.
Honesty about the timeline helps the reader: in the Bible's own period the center of the feast was the lamb, slain and eaten as this chapter commands. The seder as now practiced took its shape after the Temple fell in AD 70 and the lamb could no longer be offered; its oldest written outline is in the Mishnah, the first code of Jewish oral law (about AD 200), which already includes the four cups and the rule that “in every generation a person must see himself as if he personally came out of Egypt.”
Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10 (the seder's oldest outline) · Mishnah Pesachim 10:5 (“in every generation”) · The Feasts of the LORD (this site's study)
Original language & word study
17 tagged words| Original | Transliteration | Meaning | Word study |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַיְהִ֗י | vay.Hi | and it was | H1961 → |
| מִקֵּץ֙ | mi.Ketz | from [the] end of | H7093 → |
| שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים | she.lo.Shim | thirty | H7970 → |
| שָׁנָ֔ה | sha.Nah | year[s] | H8141 → |
| וְאַרְבַּ֥ע | ve.'ar.Ba' | and four | H702 → |
| מֵא֖וֹת | me.'ot | hundred<s> | H3967 → |
| שָׁנָ֑ה | sha.Nah | year[s] | H8141 → |
| וַיְהִ֗י | vay.Hi | and it was | H1961 → |
| בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ | be.'E.tzem | on [the] substance of | H6106 → |
| הַיּ֣וֹם | hai.Yom | the day | H3117 → |
| הַזֶּ֔ה | ha.Zeh | <the> this | H2088 → |
| יָֽצְא֛וּ | ya.tze.'U | they went out | H3318 → |
| כָּל־ | kol- | all | H3605 → |
| צִבְא֥וֹת | tziv.'ot | [the] hosts of | H6635 → |
| יְהוָ֖ה | Yah.weh | Yahweh | H3068 → |
| מֵאֶ֥רֶץ | me.'E.retz | from [the] land of | H776 → |
| מִצְרָֽיִם׃ | mitz.Ra.yim | Egypt | H4714 → |
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