Exodus 12:41
in Exodus 12At the end of the 430 years, to the very day, all the LORD’s divisions went out of the land of Egypt.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of Jehovah went out from the land of Egypt.
KJV
And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the Lord went out from the land of Egypt.
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This verse in Exodus 12
Commentary
1 note on this verseThis site's exposition
the sojourning of the children of Israel
on Exodus 12:40-41
Four hundred and thirty years is stated twice and the going out is dated to the selfsame day. Genesis 15:13 had said four hundred years of affliction, which is a different quantity from a sojourning, and the Samaritan Pentateuch and the Septuagint read the four hundred and thirty as covering Canaan and Egypt together, which is the reading Paul appears to follow at Galatians 3:17. The Masoretic Hebrew reads it as Egypt alone, and both readings have long been held.
How the passage was read
On Exodus 12:1-51On Exodus 12:1-51
The night Israel still keeps
This chapter founds Passover, in Hebrew Pesach, the spring feast that remembers the night God struck Egypt's firstborn and passed over the blood-marked houses. Jewish families keep it to this day with a ceremonial meal called the seder (Hebrew for “order”): unleavened flatbread (matzah), bitter herbs, cups of wine, and the retelling of this chapter's story, with the children asking the questions.
Honesty about the timeline helps the reader: in the Bible's own period the center of the feast was the lamb, slain and eaten as this chapter commands. The seder as now practiced took its shape after the Temple fell in AD 70 and the lamb could no longer be offered; its oldest written outline is in the Mishnah, the first code of Jewish oral law (about AD 200), which already includes the four cups and the rule that “in every generation a person must see himself as if he personally came out of Egypt.”
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Sources: Mishnah Pesachim 10 (the seder's oldest outline) · Mishnah Pesachim 10:5 (“in every generation”) · The Feasts of the LORD (this site's study)
The words behind it
17 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַיְהִ֗י | vayhi | and it was | H1961 → | 3559 times |
| מִקֵּץ֙ | miketz | from [the] end of | H7093 → | |
| שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים | sheloshim | thirty | H7970 → | 172 times |
| שָׁנָ֔ה | shanah | year[s] | H8141 → | 877 times |
| וְאַרְבַּ֥ע | vearba' | and four | H702 → | 318 times |
| מֵא֖וֹת | meot | hundred<s> | H3967 → | 581 times |
| שָׁנָ֑ה | shanah | year[s] | H8141 → | 877 times |
| וַיְהִ֗י | vayhi | and it was | H1961 → | 3559 times |
| בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ | beetzem | on [the] substance of | H6106 → | 126 times |
| הַיּ֣וֹם | haiyom | the day | H3117 → | 2304 times |
| הַזֶּ֔ה | hazeh | <the> this | H2088 → | 1180 times |
| יָֽצְא֛וּ | yatzeu | they went out | H3318 → | 1067 times |
| כָּל־ | kol- | all | H3605 → | 5413 times |
| צִבְא֥וֹת | tzivot | [the] hosts of | H6635 → | 485 times |
| יְהוָ֖ה | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| מֵאֶ֥רֶץ | meeretz | from [the] land of | H776 → | 2504 times |
| מִצְרָֽיִם׃ | mitzrayim | Egypt | H4714 → | 641 times |
וַיְהִ֗יand it was
vayhiH1961 →3559 times
מִקֵּץ֙from [the] end of
miketzH7093 →
שְׁלֹשִׁ֣יםthirty
sheloshimH7970 →172 times
שָׁנָ֔הyear[s]
shanahH8141 →877 times
וְאַרְבַּ֥עand four
vearba'H702 →318 times
מֵא֖וֹתhundred<s>
meotH3967 →581 times
שָׁנָ֑הyear[s]
shanahH8141 →877 times
וַיְהִ֗יand it was
vayhiH1961 →3559 times
בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙on [the] substance of
beetzemH6106 →126 times
הַיּ֣וֹםthe day
haiyomH3117 →2304 times
הַזֶּ֔ה<the> this
hazehH2088 →1180 times
יָֽצְא֛וּthey went out
yatzeuH3318 →1067 times
כָּל־all
kol-H3605 →5413 times
צִבְא֥וֹת[the] hosts of
tzivotH6635 →485 times
יְהוָ֖הYahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
מֵאֶ֥רֶץfrom [the] land of
meeretzH776 →2504 times
מִצְרָֽיִם׃Egypt
mitzrayimH4714 →641 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Habakkuk 2:3For the vision awaits an appointed time; it testifies of the end and does not lie. Though it lingers, wait for it, since it will surely come and will not delay.
it leads to
- Psalms 27:14
Wait patiently for the LORD; be strong and courageous. Wait patiently for the LORD!
- Hebrews 10:36–37
You need to persevere, so that after you have done the will of God, you will receive what He has promised.
- Ezekiel 12:25
because I, the LORD, will speak whatever word I speak, and it will be fulfilled without delay. For in your days, O rebellious house, I will speak a message and bring it to pass,…
- Lamentations 3:25–26
The LORD is good to those who wait for Him, to the soul who seeks Him.
- Psalms 102:13
You will rise up and have compassion on Zion, for it is time to show her favor— the appointed time has come.
- Psalms 27:14
Through
Acts 1:7Jesus replied, “It is not for you to know times or seasons that the Father has fixed by His own authority.
it leads to
- Matthew 24:36
No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:1–2
Now about the times and seasons, brothers, we do not need to write to you.
- Mark 13:32
No one knows about that day or hour, not even the angels in heaven, nor the Son, but only the Father.
- Matthew 24:36
Where this verse is studied
About Exodus
Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible and Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: The Pentateuch.