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Luke 4:13

in Luke 4

When the devil had finished every temptation, he left Him until an opportune time.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And when the devil had completed every temptation, he departed from him for a season.

KJV

And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.

This verse in Luke 4

Commentary

16 notes on this verse

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 397.

He would not have said that all the temptation was ended, had there not been in the three temptations which have been described the materials for every crime; for the causes of temptations are the causes of desire, namely, the delight of the flesh, the pomp of vain-glory, greediness of power. You see then that the devil is not obstinate on the field, is wont to give way to true virtue; and if he ceases not to hate, he yet dreads to advance, for so he escapes a more frequent defeat.

This site's exposition

When the devil had finished

Until an opportune time is a Greek phrase that marks a set interval until an appointed hour. Luke orders the last two temptations differently from Matthew, with the kingdoms before the pinnacle. Matthew's order ends on the mountain, and Luke's ends at Jerusalem, the center of his narrative.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers4 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

SERMON 284.5 · Written before 430.

proposed

When the Lord had been tempted with this triple temptation—because in all the allurements of the world these three are to be found, either pleasure or curiosity or pride—what did the Evangelist say? After the devil had concluded every temptation—every kind, but of the alluring sort—there remained the other sort of temptation, by harsh and hard treatment, savage treatment, atrocious and ferocious treatment. Yes, there remained the other sort of temptation. The Evangelist knew this, knew what had been carried out, what remained, and so he said, "After the devil had completed every temptation, he departed from him until the time." He departed from him in the form, that is, of the insidious serpent. He is going to come in the form of the roaring lion. The one who will trample on the lion and the cobra will conquer him. Satan will return. He will enter Judas and will make him betray his master. He will bring along the Jews, not flattering now, but raging. Taking possession of his own instruments, he will cry out with the tongues of all of them, "Crucify him, crucify him!" That Christ was the conqueror there, why should we be surprised? He was almighty God.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 253.

proposed

But John, who had commenced his Gospel from God, saying, In the beginning was the Word, did not describe the temptation of the Lord, because God can not be tempted, of whom he wrote. But because in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke the human generations are given, and in Mark it is man who is tempted, therefore Matthew, Luke, and Mark have described the temptation of the Lord.

A commentator

Gregory of Nyssa

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 395.

proposed

(ubi sup.) In lawful contests the battle is terminated either when the adversary surrenders of his own accord to the conqueror, or is defeated in three falls, according to the rules of the art of fighting. Hence it follows, And all the temptation being completed, &c.

A commentator

Athanasius of Alexandria

296–373

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 373.

proposed

(non occ.) The enemy came to Him as man, but not finding in Him the marks of his ancient seed, he departed.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Theophylact of Ohrid

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 1107.

proposed

Or, having tempted Him in the desert with pleasure, he retires from Him until the crucifixion, when he was about to tempt Him with sorrow.
9 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church4 voices

A commentator

Bonaventure

Commentary on Luke, Chapter 4 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

After he described the occasion of the temptation and the manner of tempting, here he describes thirdly the consummation of the temptation, concerning which three things are intimated. The first is the manifestation of perfection on the part of Christ resisting: with respect to which …

A commentator

Gregory the Dialogist

Forty Gospel Homilies, Homily 16 · Written before 604.

proposed

But it should be noted that when the devil departed, the temptation was complete. By the same means by which the ancient enemy boasted of having conquered the first man, he is conquered by the second man, so that he might depart from our hearts, captured at the very entrance by which he had entered and held us. Consider how great is the patience of God, and how great is our impatience. Behold, the Lord endured the adversity of the devil, and answered him with nothing but words of gentleness. He bore him whom he could have punished, so that his praise might grow higher from this: that he overcame his enemy not by destroying him, but by enduring him for the time being.

A commentator

Bede

On the Gospel of Luke · Written before 735.

proposed

And when all temptation was finished, the devil departed from him for a time. You see, the devil himself is not persistent in effort, but usually yields to virtue. And although he never ceases to envy, he fears to persist, because he often flees from …

A commentator

Maximus the Confessor

Catena Aurea by Aquinas · Written before 662.

proposed

(lib. ad. piet. ex. 12.) Or the devil had prompted Christ in the desert to prefer the things of the world to the love of God. The Lord commanded him to leave Him, (which itself was a mark of Divine love.) It was afterwards then enough to make Christ appear the false advocate of love to His neighbours, and therefore while He was teaching the paths of life, the devil stirred up the Gentiles and Pharisees to lay traps for Him that He might be brought to hate them. But the Lord, from the feeling of love which He had towards them, exhorted, reproved, ceased not to bestow mercy upon them. (ut sup.) But the reason why one Evangelist places this event first, and another that, is because vain-glory and covetousness give birth in turn to one another.

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

And when the devil had ended all the temptation,....

The Nineteenth Century4 voices

The first event recorded in our Lord's history, after His baptism — is His temptation by the devil. From a season of honor and glory — he passed immediately to a season of conflict and suffering. First came the testimony of God the Father , "You are my beloved Son." Then came the sneering suggestion of Satan , " If you are the Son of God." The portion of Christ will often prove the portion of Christians. From great privilege to great trial, there will often be but a step.
The first event recorded in our Lord's history, after His baptism — is His temptation by the devil. From a season of honor and glory — he passed immediately to a season of conflict and suffering. First came the testimony of God the Father , "You are my beloved Son." Then came the sneering suggestion of Satan , " If you are the Son of God." The portion of Christ will often prove the portion of Christians. From great privilege to great trial, there will often be but a step. Let us first mark in this passage — the power and unwearied malice of the devil. That old serpent who tempted Adam to sin in Paradise — was not afraid to assault the second Adam, the Son of God. Whether he understood that Jesus was "God manifest in the flesh" may perhaps be doubted. But that he saw in Jesus, One who had come into the world to overthrow his kingdom — is clear and plain. He had seen what happened at our Lord's baptism. He had heard the marvelous words from Heaven. He felt that the great Friend of man was come — and that his own dominion was in peril. The Redeemer had come. The prison door was about to be thrown open. The lawful captives were about to be set free. All this, we need not doubt — Satan saw, and resolved to fight for his own. The prince of this world would not give way to the Prince of peace without a mighty struggle. He had overcome the first Adam in the garden of Eden — why should he not overcome the second Adam in the wilderness ? He had spoiled man once of Paradise — why should he not spoil him of the kingdom of God. Let it never surprise us, if we are tempted by the devil. Let us rather expect it, as a matter of course, if we are living members of Christ. The Master's lot will be the lot of His disciples.
BELOVED Friends, we have very much to learn from our Lord's temptation. He was tempted in all points, like as we are. If you will study the temptation of Christ, you will not be ignorant of Satan's devices. If you see how He worsted the enemy, you will learn what weapons to use against your great adversary. If you see how our Lord conquers throughout the whole battle, you will learn that, as you keep close to Him, you will be more than conqueror through Him that loved you.
BELOVED Friends, we have very much to learn from our Lord's temptation. He was tempted in all points, like as we are. If you will study the temptation of Christ, you will not be ignorant of Satan's devices. If you see how He worsted the enemy, you will learn what weapons to use against your great adversary. If you see how our Lord conquers throughout the whole battle, you will learn that, as you keep close to Him, you will be more than conqueror through Him that loved you. From our Lord's temptation we learn, especially, to pray, "Lead us not into temptation." Let us never mistake the meaning of that petition! We are to pray that we may not be tempted, for we are poor flesh and blood and very frail. It is for us to cry to God, "Lead us not into temptation." But we also learn a great deal from the close of our Lord's great threefold trial. We find Him, afterwards, peaceful—ministered unto by angels—and rejoicing. That should teach us to pray, "But, if we must be tempted, deliver us from the evil," or, as some render it, and very correctly, too, "Deliver us from the Evil One." First, we pray that we may not be tempted at all and then, as a supplement to that prayer, yielding the whole matter to Divine Wisdom, "If it is necessary for our manhood, for our growth in Grace, for the verification of our Graces and for God's Glory, that we should be tempted, Lord, deliver us from the evil, and especially deliver us from the impersonation of evil, the Evil One!" With that as an introduction, for a short time, tonight, let me call upon you to notice in our text, first, the devil leaving the tempted One—"Then the devil left Him." Secondly, we shall keep to Matthew's Gospel and notice the angels ministering to the tempted One after the fallen angel had left Him.

The words behind it

11 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    James 4:7

    Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.

    it leads to

    • 1 Peter 5:8–9

      Be sober-minded and alert. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour.

    • Ephesians 4:27

      and do not give the devil a foothold.

    • Ephesians 6:11–12

      Put on the full armor of God, so that you can make your stand against the devil’s schemes.

    • 1 Peter 5:6

      Humble yourselves, therefore, under God’s mighty hand, so that in due time He may exalt you.

    • Luke 4:2–13

      where for forty days He was tempted by the devil. He ate nothing during those days, and when they had ended, He was hungry.

  • Through

    Hebrews 4:15

    For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but we have one who was tempted in every way that we are, yet was without sin.

    it leads to

    • Hebrews 2:17–18

      For this reason He had to be made like His brothers in every way, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in service to God, in order to make atonement…

    • 2 Corinthians 5:21

      God made Him who knew no sin to be sin on our behalf, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of God.

    • Isaiah 53:4–5

      Surely He took on our infirmities and carried our sorrows; yet we considered Him stricken by God, struck down and afflicted.

Where this verse is studied

About Luke

The Return of the Prodigal Son, Rembrandt, about 1668. Public domain.
The Return of the Prodigal Son, Rembrandt, about 1668. Public domain.
This page draws on 15 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Athanasius of Alexandria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Augustine of Hippo, SERMON 284.5; Bede, On the Gospel of Luke; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 4; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2326: “Satan Departing, Angels Ministering” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Gregory of Nyssa, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Gregory the Dialogist, Forty Gospel Homilies, Homily 16; J. C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels, Luke; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Maximus the Confessor, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Origen of Alexandria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas and Theophylact of Ohrid, Catena Aurea by Aquinas.