Revelation 22:2
in Revelation 22down the middle of the main street of the city. On either side of the river stood a tree of life, bearing twelve kinds of fruit and yielding a fresh crop for each month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
in the midst of the street thereof. And on this side of the river and on that was the tree of life, bearing twelve manner of fruits, yielding its fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.
KJV
In the midst of the street of it, and on either side of the river, was there the tree of life, which bare twelve manner of fruits, and yielded her fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.
⋯
This verse in Revelation 22
Commentary
23 notes on this verseThis river waters the saints who are planted alongside it. They are here figuratively called the "tree of life" by virtue of their participation and imitation of him who is the Tree of Life. Moreover, they give forth "twelve fruits," that is, they unceasingly yield …
This site's exposition
the water of life
on Revelation 22:1-2
The angel shows a river of the water of life flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb, as in Ezekiel 47:1-12. On either side stood a tree of life, barred since Genesis 3:24 and promised at 2:7, and its leaves are for the healing.
This site's exposition
a tree of life
The tree barred to Adam at Genesis 3:24 now stands open by the river. Adam Clarke and John Wesley read the one tree as many trees lining both banks, as Ezekiel 47:12 also describes. Its leaves heal the nations.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
A commentator
Victorinus of PettauCommentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John · Written before 304.
proposed
The river of life sets forth that the grace of spiritual doctrine flowed through the minds of the faithful, and that manifold flourishing forms of odours germinated therein. The tree of life on either bank sets forth the Advent of Christ, according to the flesh, who satisfied the peoples wasted with famine, that received life from One by the wood of the Cross, with the announcement of God's word.
Concerning wisdom it is said, "She proclaims outside; she raises her voice in the streets, and she cries out on the top of the walls." And should anyone refuse to come to the marriage of the king, she commands her servants and says, "Go to …
A commentator
Caesarius of ArlesEXPOSITION ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2, HOMILY 19 · Written before 542.
proposed
It is speaking of the cross of the Lord. There is no tree that bears fruit in every season except the cross that the faithful, who are made wet by the water of the church's river, eat. And these [faithful] in turn produce eternal fruit …
A commentator
Primasius of HadrumetumCOMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2-3 · Written before 560.
proposed
By the twelve months he signifies all of time, and to be sure all of eternity. Therefore, where there is an eternal paradise, no aridity will ever be permitted to intrude. Where there is a perfect and certain well-being, absolutely no infirmity enters in. This …
'And whose leaves never fade.' [Psalm 1:3] The leaves of this tree are by no means useless. Even if one understands Holy Writ only as history, he has something useful for his soul.
15 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers1 voice
And of the river he says that on this side and on that side there was a tree of life bearing fruit each month. The Lord calls the tree of life, according to what is written by the Proverbs writer concerning wisdom; he says "the …
The Medieval Church5 voices
The "leaves of the tree," namely, of Christ, are the more exalted understandings of the divine judgments, even as its "fruits" are the more perfect knowledge that is to be revealed in the age to come. The leaves will be for healing, that is, for …
And on either side of the river was the tree of life. The tree of life is seen around the fountain of life. Whether you interpret it as the glory of the holy cross or the Lord Christ, it is revealed both before baptism in …
Bearing twelve kinds of fruits, yielding its fruit every month. In the twelve months, it insinuates all the time of life, namely, that where it is said: And your years will not fail (Ps. CI). And again: From month to month and from Sabbath to …
And the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations. If the fruit is taken as the reward of blessed immortality, rightly the leaves are understood as the perpetual song, which falls for the healing of those already singing in happy lot. …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 18 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
And so, in descending order, out of charity which is an ointment flowing from the head over the beard upon the collar of the robe, there is the cleaving to God, to self, to the neighbor and to one's body. Hence, as there are twelve …
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
In the midst of the street - Here is the paradise of God, mentioned, chap. ii, 7. Is the tree of life - Not one tree only, but many. Every month - That is, in inexpressible abundance.
In the midst of the street of it,....
The Nineteenth Century7 voices
In the midst of the street of it - That is, of the city which was described in the preceding chapter. The tree of life - An allusion to Gen 2:9. As this tree of life is stated to be in the streets of the city, and on each side of the river, tree must here be an enallage of the singular for the plural number, trees of life, or trees which yielded fruit by which life was preserved.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
But compare Eze 47:12, the millennial type of the final Paradise; which shows that there are several trees of the one kind, all termed "the tree of life." Death reigns now because of sin; even in the millennial earth sin, and therefore death, though much limited, shall not altogether cease.
WE have in the 21st and 22nd chapters of the Book of Revelation a very wonderful description of Heaven upon earth. I shall not attempt to go into any prophetical explanations as to when this will be fulfilled, but we know this for certain, for we have it in so many words, that the holy city, New Jerusalem, will descend out of Heaven from God, and that, in a word, there will be, for a time at least, a Heaven on earth.
WE have in the 21st and 22nd chapters of the Book of Revelation a very wonderful description of Heaven upon earth. I shall not attempt to go into any prophetical explanations as to when this will be fulfilled, but we know this for certain, for we have it in so many words, that the holy city, New Jerusalem, will descend out of Heaven from God, and that, in a word, there will be, for a time at least, a Heaven on earth. But inasmuch as Heaven, be it where it may, is still Heaven, the description of Heaven on earth sufficiently benefits us to reveal, in some measure, the present joys and blessings of the celestial state. We shall not make any mistake if we read the passage as hundreds of thousands have done before us, and as all common readers will always persist in doing, as a description of the heavenly state as it is at present, for what can come down from Heaven but that which is in Heaven? The results of the revealed Presence of the God of Love must be, to His saints, very much the same at all times. The same Glory will be revealed, the same happiness bestowed, the same occupations followed, the same fellowship enjoyed. We may, therefore, consider that we have before us a description of what Heaven now is and shall be, world without end, save only that the bodies of the saints are not yet raised and, therefore, all the minute details may not be fully developed. The glowing metaphors here employed, for we must, to a large extent, regard the language as figurative, is evidently taken from the Garden of Eden. That was man's first inheritance and it is a type of his last.
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3251: “Christ the Tree of Life” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Another Sermon by Mr. Spurgeon upon the same text is #1233, Volume 31—HEALING LEAVES.] You will remember that in the first Paradise, there was a Tree of Life in the midst of the garden. When Adam had offended and was driven out, God said, "Lest he put forth his hand and take of the Tree of Life and eat, and live forever, therefore the Lord God drove out the man."
A commentator
Charles Spurgeon1834–1892
The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3251: “Christ the Tree of Life” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition) · Written before 1892.
proposed
[Another Sermon by Mr. Spurgeon upon the same text is #1233, Volume 31—HEALING LEAVES.] You will remember that in the first Paradise, there was a Tree of Life in the midst of the garden. When Adam had offended and was driven out, God said, "Lest he put forth his hand and take of the Tree of Life and eat, and live forever, therefore the Lord God drove out the man." It has been supposed, by some, that this Tree of Life in the Garden of Eden was intended to be the means of continuing man in immortality—that his feeding upon it would have supported him in the vigor of unfailing youth, preserved him from exposure to decay and imparted, by a spiritual regeneration, the seal of perpetuity to his constitution. I do not know about that. If it were so, I can understand the reason why God would not have the first man, Adam, become immortal in the lapsed state he was then in, but ordained that the old nature should die, and that the immortality would be given to a new nature which would be formed under another leadership and quickened by another Spirit. The text tells us that in the center of the new Paradise, the perfect Paradise of God, from which the saints shall never be driven, seeing it is to be our perpetual heritage, there is also a Tree of Life. But here we translate the metaphor—we do not understand that tree to be literal. We believe our Lord Jesus Christ to be none other than that Tree of Life whose leaves are for the healing of the nations! We can scarcely conceive of any other interpretation, as this seems to us to be so full of meaning and to afford us such unspeakable satisfaction! At any rate, Beloved, if this is not the absolute purpose of the sublime vision that John saw, it is most certainly true that our Lord Jesus Christ is life from the dead, and life to His own living people. He is All-in-All to them.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
In the midst of the street of it - Prof. Stuart renders this, “between the street thereof and the river”; and says that “the writer conceives of the river as running through the whole city; then of streets parallel to it on either side; and then, on the banks of the river, between the water and the street, the whole stream is lined on either side with two rows of the tree of life.” The more common interpretation, however, is doubtless admissible, and would give a more beautiful image; that in the street, or streets of the city, as well as on the banks of the river, the tree of life was planted. It abounded everywhere. The city had not only a river passing through it, but it was pervaded by streets, and all those streets were lined and shaded with this tree. The idea in the mind of the writer is that of Eden or Paradise; but it is not the Eden of the book of Genesis, or the Oriental or Persian Paradise: it is a picture where all is combined, that in the view of the writer would constitute beauty, or contribute to happiness. And on either side of the river - As well as in all the streets. The writer undoubtedly conceives of a single river running through the city - probably as meandering along - and that river lined on both sides with the tree of life. This gives great beauty to the imagery. Was there the tree of life - Not a single tree, but it abounded everywhere - on the banks of the river, and in all the streets. It was the common tree in this blessed Paradise - of which all might partake, and which was everywhere the emblem of immortality. In this respect, this new Paradise stands in strong contrast with that in which Adam was placed at his creation, where there seems to have been a single tree that was designated as the tree of life, Gen 3:22-23. […]
The words behind it
32 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἐν | en | In | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| μέσῳ | meso | [the] middle | G3319 → | 56 times |
| τῆς | tes | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πλατείας | plateias | street | G4116 → | 10 times |
| αὐτῆς | autes | of it | G846 → | 5565 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τοῦ | tou | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ποταμοῦ, | potamou | river, | G4215 → | 17 times |
| ἐντεῦθεν | enteuthen | from here | G1782 → | |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἐκεῖθεν, | ekeithen | from there, | G1564 → | |
| ξύλον | xulon | [was a] tree | G3586 → | 20 times |
| ζωῆς | zoes | of life | G2222 → | 135 times |
| ποιοῦν | poioun | producing | G4160 → | 569 times |
| καρποὺς | karpous | fruits | G2590 → | |
| δώδεκα, | dodeka | twelve, | G1427 → | 75 times |
| κατὰ | kata | according to | G2596 → | 468 times |
| μῆνα | mena | month | G3376 → | 18 times |
| ἕκαστον | hekaston | each | G1538 → | 81 times |
| ἀποδιδοῦν | apodidoun | yielding | G591 → | 48 times |
| τὸν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| καρπὸν | karpon | fruit | G2590 → | |
| αὐτοῦ, | autou | of it, | G846 → | 5565 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τὰ | ta | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| φύλλα | phulla | leaves | G5444 → | |
| τοῦ | tou | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ξύλου | xulou | tree | G3586 → | 20 times |
| εἰς | eis | [are] for | G1519 → | 1755 times |
| θεραπείαν | therapeian | [the] healing | G2322 → | |
| τῶν | ton | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἐθνῶν. | ethnon | nations. | G1484 → | 161 times |
ἐνIn
enG1722 →2738 times
μέσῳ[the] middle
mesoG3319 →56 times
τῆςof the
tesG3588 →19766 times
πλατείαςstreet
plateiasG4116 →10 times
αὐτῆςof it
autesG846 →5565 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τοῦof the
touG3588 →19766 times
ποταμοῦ,river,
potamouG4215 →17 times
ἐντεῦθενfrom here
enteuthenG1782 →
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἐκεῖθεν,from there,
ekeithenG1564 →
ξύλον[was a] tree
xulonG3586 →20 times
ζωῆςof life
zoesG2222 →135 times
ποιοῦνproducing
poiounG4160 →569 times
καρποὺςfruits
karpousG2590 →
δώδεκα,twelve,
dodekaG1427 →75 times
κατὰaccording to
kataG2596 →468 times
μῆναmonth
menaG3376 →18 times
ἕκαστονeach
hekastonG1538 →81 times
ἀποδιδοῦνyielding
apodidounG591 →48 times
τὸνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
καρπὸνfruit
karponG2590 →
αὐτοῦ,of it,
autouG846 →5565 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τὰthe
taG3588 →19766 times
φύλλαleaves
phullaG5444 →
τοῦof the
touG3588 →19766 times
ξύλουtree
xulouG3586 →20 times
εἰς[are] for
eisG1519 →1755 times
θεραπείαν[the] healing
therapeianG2322 →
τῶνof the
tonG3588 →19766 times
ἐθνῶν.nations.
ethnonG1484 →161 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
1 Peter 2:24He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. “By His stripes you are healed.”
it leads to
- Isaiah 53:4–6
Surely He took on our infirmities and carried our sorrows; yet we considered Him stricken by God, struck down and afflicted.
- Matthew 8:17
This was to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet Isaiah: “He took on our infirmities and carried our diseases.”
- Isaiah 53:4–6
Through
Revelation 22:1Then the angel showed me a river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb
it leads to
- Revelation 7:17
For the Lamb in the center of the throne will be their shepherd. ‘He will lead them to springs of living water,’ and ‘God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’”
- John 4:14
But whoever drinks the water I give him will never thirst. Indeed, the water I give him will become in him a fount of water springing up to eternal life.”
- John 7:38–39
Whoever believes in Me, as the Scripture has said: ‘Streams of living water will flow from within him.’”
- Psalms 36:8–9
They feast on the abundance of Your house, and You give them drink from Your river of delights.
- Revelation 7:17
Through
Revelation 2:7He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who overcomes, I will grant the right to eat from the tree of life in the…
it leads to
- Revelation 2:17
He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who overcomes, I will give the hidden manna. I will also give him a white stone…
- Revelation 2:11
He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. The one who overcomes will not be harmed by the second death.
- Revelation 2:17
Where this verse is studied
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About Revelation

This page draws on 18 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Andreas of Caesarea, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2; Apringius of Beja, TRACTATE ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2; Bede, Commentary on Revelation; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 18; Caesarius of Arles, EXPOSITION ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2, HOMILY 19; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1233: “Healing Leaves” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 3251: “Christ the Tree of Life” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Homily 1, on Psalm 1; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, Commentary on Revelation; Primasius of Hadrumetum, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 22:2-3 and Victorinus of Pettau, Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John.
