A thread through the whole counsel
The Trees
Two trees stand at the center of the garden. One of them stands again at the center of the last page of the Bible. The road between them passes through a curse.
The chain
Walk the thread
Stop 1 of 11
Two trees, center-garden
And out of the ground made Jehovah God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Genesis 2:9ASV The noun is עֵץ (ʿēṣ, H6086) — the ordinary Hebrew word for tree AND for cut wood. Every later stop on this thread uses the same word or its Greek mirror ξύλον (xylon, G3586).
Everything the Bible will say about life and death is planted here as two trees. Henry reads the tree of life as a seal of the covenant of works — life held out on condition of obedience; Calvin reads it as a testimony pointing beyond itself. Either way, the way to life runs through a tree from the very first page.
Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible (public domain); John Calvin, Commentary on Genesis (public domain)Reformed
Stop 2 of 11
The taking
And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and she gave also unto her husband with her, and he did eat.
Genesis 3:6ASV Three clauses — good for food, pleasant to the eyes, desired to make wise — a pattern 1 John 2:16 will name again.
Stop 3 of 11
The way closed
And Jehovah God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil; and now, lest he put forth his hand, and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever— therefore Jehovah God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken. So he drove out the man; and he placed at the east of the garden of Eden the Cherubim, and the flame of a sword which turned every way, to keep the way of the tree of life.
Genesis 3:22–24ASV Cherubim and a flaming sword guard 'the way of the tree of life' — access is closed eastward. The tabernacle's cherubim will face an eastward entrance.
Stop 4 of 11
Wisdom keeps the figure alive
She is a tree of life to them that lay hold upon her: And happy is every one that retaineth her.
Proverbs 3:18ASV Proverbs names the tree of life four times (3:18; 11:30; 13:12; 15:4) — the figure stays available all through the wisdom books.
Stop 5 of 11
The man as tree
And he shall be like a tree planted by the streams of water, That bringeth forth its fruit in its season, Whose leaf also doth not wither; And whatsoever he doeth shall prosper.
Psalms 1:3ASV The blessed man is 'like a tree planted' — Jeremiah 17:7-8 carries the same planted-by-water image.
Stop 6 of 11
The shoot from the stump
And there shall come forth a shoot out of the stock of Jesse, and a branch out of his roots shall bear fruit.
Isaiah 11:1ASV Tree language turns messianic: a rod from the stem of Jesse, a Branch from his roots; Isaiah 53:2 — 'a root out of a dry ground.'
Stop 7 of 11
The hinge: cursed on a tree
And if a man have committed a sin worthy of death, and he be put to death, and thou hang him on a tree; his body shall not remain all night upon the tree, but thou shalt surely bury him the same day; for he that is hanged is accursed of God; that thou defile not thy land which Jehovah thy God giveth thee for an inheritance.
Deuteronomy 21:22–23ASV The hanged man is 'accursed of God' — on the עֵץ. The LXX renders it ξύλον, the word the apostles will choose.
Deuteronomy hangs a curse on the tree, and for a thousand years the sentence waits. The hanged man is 'accursed of God' — and Israel could not have guessed who would one day hang there. The Greek translators chose the word xylon; the apostles will not let it go.
Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible (public domain)Puritan
Stop 8 of 11
The curse absorbed
Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us; for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
Galatians 3:13ASV Paul lands Deuteronomy 21:23 on the cross, word for word — 'cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree (ξύλον).'
Stop 9 of 11
The apostles say 'tree'
The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew, hanging him on a tree.
Acts 5:30ASV Five times the NT calls the cross a ξύλον — Acts 5:30; 10:39; 13:29; Galatians 3:13; 1 Peter 2:24 — the same noun the Greek OT uses for Eden's trees.
Stop 10 of 11
Bearing our sins on the tree
who his own self bare our sins in his body upon the tree, that we, having died unto sins, might live unto righteousness; by whose stripes ye were healed.
1 Peter 2:24ASV 'Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree' — Peter's word is ξύλον, and his next clause quotes Isaiah 53.
Stop 11 of 11
The tree of life, reopened
in the midst of the street thereof. And on this side of the river and on that was the tree of life, bearing twelve manner of fruits, yielding its fruit every month: and the leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.
Revelation 22:2ASV ξύλον ζωῆς — the exact phrase the Greek OT uses at Genesis 2:9. Leaves for the healing of the nations; the right to the tree of life restored (22:14). The thread closes where it opened.
The last page answers the third: the tree of life stands in the city, the curse is gone (Rev 22:3), and 'blessed are they... that they may have right to the tree of life.' What the cherubim guarded, the Lamb reopened.
Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible (public domain)Puritan