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Revelation 21:16

in Revelation 21

The city lies foursquare, with its width the same as its length. And he measured the city with the rod, and all its dimensions were equal—12,000 stadia in length and width and height.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And the city lieth foursquare, and the length thereof is as great as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs: the length and the breadth and the height thereof are equal.

KJV

And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The length and the breadth and the height of it are equal.

This verse in Revelation 21

Commentary

18 notes on this verse
The city which he says is squared, he says also is resplendent with gold and precious stones, and has a sacred street, and a river through the midst of it, and the tree of life on either side, bearing twelve manner of fruits throughout the twelve months; and that the light of the sun is not there, because the Lamb is the light of it; and that its gates were of single pearls; and that there were three gates on each of the four sides, and that they could not be shut.

This site's exposition

a golden measuring rod

on Revelation 21:15-17

The angel has a golden measuring rod to measure the city, as the temple was measured in Ezekiel 40-42. Its length, width and height are equal at 12,000 stadia, a cube, the shape of the temple's inner room in 1 Kings 6:20. The wall is 144 cubits, twelve times twelve.

This site's exposition

The city lies foursquare

Twelve thousand stadia is nearly fourteen hundred miles on each side. Adam Clarke admits the height is hard to picture and asks what need there is to fix such measures in a vision. John Gill reads the equal sides as the regularity, perfection and permanence of the city.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers4 voices

A commentator

Primasius of Hadrumetum

COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:15-16 · Written before 560.

proposed

The apostle certainly recalls the dimension of the city when he says, "according to the measure of Christ's gift," and again, "To me, though I am the least of all the saints, this grace was given to me, to preach to the Gentiles." Therefore, the …

A commentator

Shepherd of Hermas

Shepherd of Hermas, Vision 3 · Written before 160.

proposed

She said to me, "Lo! do you not see opposite to you a great tower, built upon the waters, of splendid square stones?" For the tower was built square by those six young men who had come with her.

A commentator

Apringius of Beja

TRACTATE ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16 · Written before 600.

proposed

[The city is foursquare], that is, it persists in the faith of the fourfold gospel. It is said that its length is the same as its breadth, so that one might see that in its faith there is nothing disproportionate, nothing that has been added, …

A commentator

Oecumenius

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 550.

proposed

And the city, it says, lies foursquare, and its length, its breadth, and its height are equal. The foursquare shape, as it seems to those skilled in these matters, is and is called a cube; for there is also a plane square; but when it …

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Andreas of Caesarea

COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16 · Written before 614.

proposed

The city is foursquare because of its stability and solidity. That which is of equal length in its depth and breadth and height is called by some a cube, and it suggests stability. The twelve thousand stadia that the city measures perhaps signify the size …
10 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church4 voices

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 735.

proposed

And the city lies four-square. Therefore, the city is said to lie four-square and to be placed with equal dimensions on every side, because it is not allowed to be marked by any inequality. To be perfect according to the apostle, that is, to be …

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 735.

proposed

And he measured the city with twelve thousand stadia. That is, he saw the Church to be perfect in faith and deeds, or he endowed it to be so. The perfection of the four principal virtues, elevated by the faith of the Holy Trinity, composes …

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 735.

proposed

Its length and breadth and height are equal. This is the solidity of invincible truth, by which the Church, supported by the length of faith, the breadth of charity, and the height of hope, is not allowed to be carried about by every wind of …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 23 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

For if they are led twelve by twelve, they will be a hundred and forty-four, that is, the number of the City of Jerusalem. And so, a soul hierarchized in this way is a city in which God lives and is seen. John says of …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

And the city lieth four square,.... To the four corners of the world, from whence its inhabitants come, and denotes the regularity, uniformity, perfection, and immovableness of it. And the length is as large as the breadth; this church state will be all of a piece, perfect, entire, and wanting nothing.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

This city has a wall that is impregnable as well as precious. [3.] The form of it was very regular and uniform: It was four-square, the length as large as the breadth.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

): Twelve thousand furlongs each way, each side, which is forty-eight thousand furlongs in the whole compass, or fifteen hundred German miles. Here is room sufficient for all the people of God-- many mansions in their Father's house. [5.] The foundation of the wall, for heaven is a city that hath her foundations (

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

The city lieth foursquare - Each side was equal, consequently the length and breadth were equal; and its height is here said to be equal to its length. It is hard to say how this should be understood. It cannot mean the height of the buildings, nor of the walls, for neither houses nor walls could be twelve thousand furlongs in height; some think this means the distance from the plain country to the place where the city stood. But what need is there of attempting to determine such measures in such a visionary representation?

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

twelve thousand furlongs--literally, "to twelve thousand stadii": one thousand furlongs being the space between the several twelve gates. BENGEL makes the length of each side of the city to be twelve thousand stadii. The stupendous height, length, and breadth being exactly alike, imply its faultless symmetry, transcending in glory all our most glowing conceptions.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase

And the city lieth four-square - It was an exact square. That is, there was nothing irregular about it; there were no crooked walls; there was no jutting out, and no indentation in the walls, as if the city had been built at different times without a plan, and had been accommodated to circumstances. Most cities have been determined in their outline by the character of the ground - by hills, streams, or ravines; or have grown up by accretions, where one part has been joined to another, so that there is no regularity, and so that the original plan, if there was any, has been lost sight of. The New Jerusalem, on the contrary, had been built according to a plan of the utmost regularity, which had not been modified by the circumstances, or varied as the city grew. The idea here may be, that the church, as it will appear in its state of glory, will be in accordance with an eternal plan, and that the great original design will have been fully carried out. And the length is as large as the breadth - The height also of the city was the same - so that it was an exact square. And he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs - As eight furlongs make a mile, the extent of the walls, therefore, must have been three hundred and seventy-five miles. Of course, this must preclude all idea of there being such a city literally in Palestine. This is clearly a figurative or symbolical representation; and the idea is, that the city was on the most magnificent scale, and with the largest proportions, and the description here is adopted merely to indicate this vastness, without any idea that it would be understood “literally.” The length, and the breadth, and the height of it are equal - According to this representation, the height of the city, not of the walls (compare Rev 21:17), would be three hundred and seventy-five miles. […]

The words behind it

34 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

5 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Ezekiel 48:35

    The perimeter of the city will be 18,000 cubits, and from that day on the name of the city will be: THE LORD IS THERE.”

    it leads to

    • Revelation 21:3

      And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying: “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man, and He will dwell with them. They will be His people, and God Himself will…

    • Zechariah 2:10

      “Shout for joy and be glad, O Daughter of Zion, for I am coming to dwell among you,” declares the LORD.

    • Revelation 22:3

      No longer will there be any curse. The throne of God and of the Lamb will be within the city, and His servants will worship Him.

    • Jeremiah 33:16

      In those days Judah will be saved, and Jerusalem will dwell securely, and this is the name by which it will be called: The LORD Our Righteousness.

    • Jeremiah 3:17

      At that time Jerusalem will be called The Throne of the LORD, and all the nations will be gathered in Jerusalem to honor the name of the LORD. They will no longer follow the…

Where this verse is studied

About Revelation

The Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Jan and Hubert van Eyck, about 1430 to 1432. Public domain.
The Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Jan and Hubert van Eyck, about 1430 to 1432. Public domain.
This page draws on 15 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the New Testament; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Andreas of Caesarea, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16; Apringius of Beja, TRACTATE ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16; Bede, Commentary on Revelation; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 23; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, Commentary on Revelation; Primasius of Hadrumetum, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:15-16; Shepherd of Hermas, Shepherd of Hermas, Vision 3 and Victorinus of Pettau, Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John.