Revelation 21:16
in Revelation 21The city lies foursquare, with its width the same as its length. And he measured the city with the rod, and all its dimensions were equal—12,000 stadia in length and width and height.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And the city lieth foursquare, and the length thereof is as great as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs: the length and the breadth and the height thereof are equal.
KJV
And the city lieth foursquare, and the length is as large as the breadth: and he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs. The length and the breadth and the height of it are equal.
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This verse in Revelation 21
Commentary
18 notes on this verseA commentator
Victorinus of PettauCommentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John · Written before 304.
The city which he says is squared, he says also is resplendent with gold and precious stones, and has a sacred street, and a river through the midst of it, and the tree of life on either side, bearing twelve manner of fruits throughout the twelve months; and that the light of the sun is not there, because the Lamb is the light of it; and that its gates were of single pearls; and that there were three gates on each of the four sides, and that they could not be shut.
This site's exposition
a golden measuring rod
on Revelation 21:15-17
The angel has a golden measuring rod to measure the city, as the temple was measured in Ezekiel 40-42. Its length, width and height are equal at 12,000 stadia, a cube, the shape of the temple's inner room in 1 Kings 6:20. The wall is 144 cubits, twelve times twelve.
This site's exposition
The city lies foursquare
Twelve thousand stadia is nearly fourteen hundred miles on each side. Adam Clarke admits the height is hard to picture and asks what need there is to fix such measures in a vision. John Gill reads the equal sides as the regularity, perfection and permanence of the city.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
A commentator
Primasius of HadrumetumCOMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:15-16 · Written before 560.
proposed
The apostle certainly recalls the dimension of the city when he says, "according to the measure of Christ's gift," and again, "To me, though I am the least of all the saints, this grace was given to me, to preach to the Gentiles." Therefore, the …
She said to me, "Lo! do you not see opposite to you a great tower, built upon the waters, of splendid square stones?" For the tower was built square by those six young men who had come with her.
[The city is foursquare], that is, it persists in the faith of the fourfold gospel. It is said that its length is the same as its breadth, so that one might see that in its faith there is nothing disproportionate, nothing that has been added, …
And the city, it says, lies foursquare, and its length, its breadth, and its height are equal. The foursquare shape, as it seems to those skilled in these matters, is and is called a cube; for there is also a plane square; but when it …
The Medieval Church1 voice
The city is foursquare because of its stability and solidity. That which is of equal length in its depth and breadth and height is called by some a cube, and it suggests stability. The twelve thousand stadia that the city measures perhaps signify the size …
10 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church4 voices
And the city lies four-square. Therefore, the city is said to lie four-square and to be placed with equal dimensions on every side, because it is not allowed to be marked by any inequality. To be perfect according to the apostle, that is, to be …
And he measured the city with twelve thousand stadia. That is, he saw the Church to be perfect in faith and deeds, or he endowed it to be so. The perfection of the four principal virtues, elevated by the faith of the Holy Trinity, composes …
Its length and breadth and height are equal. This is the solidity of invincible truth, by which the Church, supported by the length of faith, the breadth of charity, and the height of hope, is not allowed to be carried about by every wind of …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 23 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
For if they are led twelve by twelve, they will be a hundred and forty-four, that is, the number of the City of Jerusalem. And so, a soul hierarchized in this way is a city in which God lives and is seen. John says of …
The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices
And the city lieth four square,.... To the four corners of the world, from whence its inhabitants come, and denotes the regularity, uniformity, perfection, and immovableness of it. And the length is as large as the breadth; this church state will be all of a piece, perfect, entire, and wanting nothing.
This city has a wall that is impregnable as well as precious. [3.] The form of it was very regular and uniform: It was four-square, the length as large as the breadth.
): Twelve thousand furlongs each way, each side, which is forty-eight thousand furlongs in the whole compass, or fifteen hundred German miles. Here is room sufficient for all the people of God-- many mansions in their Father's house. [5.] The foundation of the wall, for heaven is a city that hath her foundations (
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
The city lieth foursquare - Each side was equal, consequently the length and breadth were equal; and its height is here said to be equal to its length. It is hard to say how this should be understood. It cannot mean the height of the buildings, nor of the walls, for neither houses nor walls could be twelve thousand furlongs in height; some think this means the distance from the plain country to the place where the city stood. But what need is there of attempting to determine such measures in such a visionary representation?
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
twelve thousand furlongs--literally, "to twelve thousand stadii": one thousand furlongs being the space between the several twelve gates. BENGEL makes the length of each side of the city to be twelve thousand stadii. The stupendous height, length, and breadth being exactly alike, imply its faultless symmetry, transcending in glory all our most glowing conceptions.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
And the city lieth four-square - It was an exact square. That is, there was nothing irregular about it; there were no crooked walls; there was no jutting out, and no indentation in the walls, as if the city had been built at different times without a plan, and had been accommodated to circumstances. Most cities have been determined in their outline by the character of the ground - by hills, streams, or ravines; or have grown up by accretions, where one part has been joined to another, so that there is no regularity, and so that the original plan, if there was any, has been lost sight of. The New Jerusalem, on the contrary, had been built according to a plan of the utmost regularity, which had not been modified by the circumstances, or varied as the city grew. The idea here may be, that the church, as it will appear in its state of glory, will be in accordance with an eternal plan, and that the great original design will have been fully carried out. And the length is as large as the breadth - The height also of the city was the same - so that it was an exact square. And he measured the city with the reed, twelve thousand furlongs - As eight furlongs make a mile, the extent of the walls, therefore, must have been three hundred and seventy-five miles. Of course, this must preclude all idea of there being such a city literally in Palestine. This is clearly a figurative or symbolical representation; and the idea is, that the city was on the most magnificent scale, and with the largest proportions, and the description here is adopted merely to indicate this vastness, without any idea that it would be understood “literally.” The length, and the breadth, and the height of it are equal - According to this representation, the height of the city, not of the walls (compare Rev 21:17), would be three hundred and seventy-five miles. […]
The words behind it
34 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἡ | he | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πόλις | polis | city | G4172 → | 163 times |
| τετράγωνος | tetragonos | foursquare | G5068 → | |
| κεῖται, | keitai | lies, | G2749 → | |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| μῆκος | mekos | length | G3372 → | |
| αὐτῆς | autes | of it | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ὅσον | hoson | [the] same as | G3745 → | 110 times |
| καὶ | kai | also | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πλάτος. | platos | width. | G4114 → | 4 times |
| καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἐμέτρησεν | emetresen | he measured | G3354 → | 11 times |
| τὴν | ten | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πόλιν | polin | city | G4172 → | 163 times |
| τῷ | to | with the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| καλάμῳ | kalamo | reed | G2563 → | 12 times |
| ἐπὶ | epi | at | G1909 → | 883 times |
| σταδίων | stadion | stadia | G4712 → | |
| δώδεκα | dodeka | twelve | G1427 → | 75 times |
| χιλιάδων | chiliadon | thousand | G5505 → | 23 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| μῆκος | mekos | length | G3372 → | |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πλάτος | platos | breadth | G4114 → | 4 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ὕψος | hupsos | height | G5311 → | |
| αὐτῆς | autes | of it | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ἴσα | isa | equal | G2470 → | |
| ἐστίν. | estin | are. | G1510 → | 2333 times |
καὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἡthe
heG3588 →19766 times
πόλιςcity
polisG4172 →163 times
τετράγωνοςfoursquare
tetragonosG5068 →
κεῖται,lies,
keitaiG2749 →
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
μῆκοςlength
mekosG3372 →
αὐτῆςof it
autesG846 →5565 times
ὅσον[the] same as
hosonG3745 →110 times
καὶalso
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
πλάτος.width.
platosG4114 →4 times
καὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἐμέτρησενhe measured
emetresenG3354 →11 times
τὴνthe
tenG3588 →19766 times
πόλινcity
polinG4172 →163 times
τῷwith the
toG3588 →19766 times
καλάμῳreed
kalamoG2563 →12 times
ἐπὶat
epiG1909 →883 times
σταδίωνstadia
stadionG4712 →
δώδεκαtwelve
dodekaG1427 →75 times
χιλιάδωνthousand
chiliadonG5505 →23 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
μῆκοςlength
mekosG3372 →
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
πλάτοςbreadth
platosG4114 →4 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
ὕψοςheight
hupsosG5311 →
αὐτῆςof it
autesG846 →5565 times
ἴσαequal
isaG2470 →
ἐστίν.are.
estinG1510 →2333 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
5 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Ezekiel 48:35The perimeter of the city will be 18,000 cubits, and from that day on the name of the city will be: THE LORD IS THERE.”
it leads to
- Revelation 21:3
And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying: “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man, and He will dwell with them. They will be His people, and God Himself will…
- Zechariah 2:10
“Shout for joy and be glad, O Daughter of Zion, for I am coming to dwell among you,” declares the LORD.
- Revelation 22:3
No longer will there be any curse. The throne of God and of the Lamb will be within the city, and His servants will worship Him.
- Jeremiah 33:16
In those days Judah will be saved, and Jerusalem will dwell securely, and this is the name by which it will be called: The LORD Our Righteousness.
- Jeremiah 3:17
At that time Jerusalem will be called The Throne of the LORD, and all the nations will be gathered in Jerusalem to honor the name of the LORD. They will no longer follow the…
- Revelation 21:3
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies35
On this chapter
- The Apocalypse of Weeks
- Revelation, the Canon's Closing Scroll
- Courage
- Covenant Theology and Dispensationalism
- Darkness
- Ezekiel's Temple, Ezekiel 40-48
Show the next 6 titles
- The Fall Feasts
- The Hebrew Feasts
- God and the Nations, from Abraham to the New Jerusalem
- God Dwelling with His People, from Eden to the New Jerusalem
- Heaven
- Immanuel
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- Isaiah, the Study Guide
- Jerusalem
- The Lake of Fire and the Second Death
- Precious Stones
- The Feast of Tabernacles
- The Appointed Times Read as a Calendar of Prophecy
Show the next 6 titles
About Revelation

This page draws on 15 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the New Testament; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Andreas of Caesarea, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16; Apringius of Beja, TRACTATE ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:16; Bede, Commentary on Revelation; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 23; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, Commentary on Revelation; Primasius of Hadrumetum, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 21:15-16; Shepherd of Hermas, Shepherd of Hermas, Vision 3 and Victorinus of Pettau, Commentary on the Apocalypse of the Blessed John.
