Ruthchapter 2
23 verses · BSBRuth book hub →
Ruth and Boaz, Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Original Language
Ruth 2— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Her hap was to light on the field of Boaz1
Ruth 2:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּֽלְנָעֳמִ֞יulenoomiand [belonged] to NaomiH5281מוֹדַ֣עmeyuda'a relativeH4129לְאִישָׁ֗הּleishahof husband herH376אִ֚ישׁʾisha manH376גִּבּ֣וֹרgibormighty ofH1368חַ֔יִלchayilwealthH2428מִמִּשְׁפַּ֖חַתmimishpachatfrom [the] clan ofH4940אֱלִימֶ֑לֶךְʾelimelekhElimelechH458וּשְׁמ֖וֹushemoand name hisH8034בֹּֽעַז׃boaz[was] BoazH1162
Rashi on Ruth 2:1
A kinsman. A relative; he was the son of Elimelech’s brother. Our Rabbis of blessed memory said, “Elimelech, and Salmone. Rus:21. the father of Bo’az, and the anonymous kinsman, 2 Ibid.:1. and the father of Naomi, 3 Therefore Bo’az and Naomi were cousins.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 2:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּאמֶר֩vatomerand she saidH559ר֨וּתrutRuthH7327הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֜הhamoaviyahthe Moabite [woman]H4125אֶֽל־ʾel-toH413נָעֳמִ֗יnoomiNaomiH5281אֵֽלְכָה־ʾelekhah-let me goH1980נָּ֤אna'pleaseH4994הַשָּׂדֶה֙hasadehthe fieldH7704וַאֲלַקֳטָּ֣הvaalakotahso I may gleanH3950בַשִׁבֳּלִ֔יםvashibolimamong the ears of grainH7641אַחַ֕רʾacharbehindH310אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasher[the one] whomH834אֶמְצָא־ʾemtza'-I will findH4672חֵ֖ןchenfavorH2580בְּעֵינָ֑יוbeeinavin view hisH5869וַתֹּ֥אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559לָ֖הּlahto <the> herלְכִ֥יlekhigoH1980בִתִּֽי׃vitiO daughter myH1323
Ruth 2:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֵּ֤לֶךְvatelekhand she wentH1980וַתָּבוֹא֙vatavo'and she cameH935וַתְּלַקֵּ֣טvatelaketand she gleanedH3950בַּשָּׂדֶ֔הbasadehin the fieldH7704אַחֲרֵ֖יʾachareibehindH310הַקֹּצְרִ֑יםhakotzerimthe harvestersH7114וַיִּ֣קֶרvaiyikerand it chanced onH7136מִקְרֶ֔הָmikrehachance herH4745חֶלְקַ֤תchelkat[the] portion ofH2513הַשָּׂדֶה֙hasadehthe fieldH7704לְבֹ֔עַזlevoazof BoazH1162אֲשֶׁ֖רʾasherwhoH834מִמִּשְׁפַּ֥חַתmimishpachat[was] from [the] clan ofH4940אֱלִימֶֽלֶךְ׃ʾelimelekhElimelechH458
Ruth 2:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהִנֵּה־vehineh-and there!H2009בֹ֗עַזvoazBoazH1162בָּ֚אba'[was] comingH935מִבֵּ֣יתmibeitfrom Beth-H1035לֶ֔חֶםlechem-lehemH1035וַיֹּ֥אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559לַקּוֹצְרִ֖יםlakotzrimto the harvestersH7114יְהוָ֣הyahwehYahwehH3068עִמָּכֶ֑םʾimakhem[be] with youH5973וַיֹּ֥אמְרוּvaiyomeruand they saidH559ל֖וֹloto <the> himיְבָרֶכְךָ֥yevarekhamay he bless youH1288יְהוָֽה׃yahwehYahwehH3068
Ruth 2:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Ruth 2:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּ֗עַןvaiyaanand he answeredH6030הַנַּ֛עַרhanaarthe servantH5288הַנִּצָּ֥בhanitzavwho was appointedH5324עַל־ʾal-overH5921הַקּוֹצְרִ֖יםhakotzrimthe harvestersH7114וַיֹּאמַ֑רvaiyomarand he saidH559נַעֲרָ֤הnaarah[is] a young womanH5291מֽוֹאֲבִיָּה֙moaviyahMoabiteH4125הִ֔יאhi'sheH1931הַשָּׁ֥בָהhashavahwho <she> returnedH7725עִֽם־ʾim-withH5973נָעֳמִ֖יnoomiNaomiH5281מִשְּׂדֵ֥הmisedehfrom [the] region ofH7704מוֹאָֽב׃moavMoabH4124
Ruth 2:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֗אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559אֲלַקֳטָה־ʾalakotah-let me gleanH3950נָּא֙na'pleaseH4994וְאָסַפְתִּ֣יveasaftiand I will gatherH622בָֽעֳמָרִ֔יםvoomarimamong the sheavesH6016אַחֲרֵ֖יʾachareibehindH310הַקּוֹצְרִ֑יםhakotzrimthe harvestersH7114וַתָּב֣וֹאvatavo'and she cameH935וַֽתַּעֲמ֗וֹדvataamodand she has stayedH5975מֵאָ֤זmeazfrom thenH227הַבֹּ֙קֶר֙habokerthis morningH1242וְעַד־vead-and untilH5704עַ֔תָּהʾatahnowH6258זֶ֛הzehthisH2088שִׁבְתָּ֥הּshivtahsitting sheH3427הַבַּ֖יִתhabayitthe houseH1004מְעָֽט׃meatlittleH4592
Handfuls let fall on purpose8
Ruth 2:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמֶר֩vaiyomerand he saidH559בֹּ֨עַזboazBoazH1162אֶל־ʾel-toH413ר֜וּתrutRuthH7327הֲל֧וֹאhalo'¿ notH3808שָׁמַ֣עַתְּshamaathave you heardH8085בִּתִּ֗יbitiO daughter myH1323אַל־ʾal-may notH408תֵּלְכִי֙telekhiyou goH1980לִלְקֹט֙lilkotto gleanH3950בְּשָׂדֶ֣הbesadehin a fieldH7704אַחֵ֔רʾacheranotherH312וְגַ֛םvegamand alsoH1571לֹ֥אlo'notH3808תַעֲבוּרִ֖יtaavuriyou must pass onH5674מִזֶּ֑הmizehfrom this [field]H2088וְכֹ֥הvekhohand thusH3541תִדְבָּקִ֖יןtidbakinyou will stay !H1692עִם־ʾim-withH5973נַעֲרֹתָֽי׃naarotaifemale servants myH5291
Ruth 2:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
עֵינַ֜יִךְʾeinayikheyes yourH5869בַּשָּׂדֶ֤הbasadeh[be] on the fieldH7704אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834יִקְצֹרוּן֙yiktzorunthey are harvesting !H7114וְהָלַ֣כְתִּvehalakhtand you will goH1980אַחֲרֵיהֶ֔ןʾachareihenbehind themH310הֲל֥וֹאhalo'¿ notH3808צִוִּ֛יתִיtzivitihave I commandedH6680אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַנְּעָרִ֖יםhanearimthe young menH5288לְבִלְתִּ֣יleviltito notH1115נָגְעֵ֑ךְnageekhto touch youH5060וְצָמִ֗תvetzamitand you will be thirstyH6770וְהָלַכְתְּ֙vehalakhtand you will goH1980אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַכֵּלִ֔יםhakelimthe vesselsH3627וְשָׁתִ֕יתveshatitand you will drinkH8354מֵאֲשֶׁ֥רmeashersome of [that] whichH834יִשְׁאֲב֖וּןyishavunthey will draw !H7579הַנְּעָרִֽים׃hanearimthe young menH5288
Ruth 2:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתִּפֹּל֙vatipoland she fellH5307עַל־ʾal-onH5921פָּנֶ֔יהָpaneihaface herH6440וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּvatishtachuand she bowed downH7812אָ֑רְצָהʾaretzah[the] ground towardsH776וַתֹּ֣אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559אֵלָ֗יוʾelavto himH413מַדּוּעַ֩madua'why?H4069מָצָ֨אתִיmatzatihave I foundH4672חֵ֤ןchenfavorH2580בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙beeineikhain view yourH5869לְהַכִּירֵ֔נִיlehakirenito pay regard to meH5234וְאָּנֹכִ֖יveanokhiand IH595נָכְרִיָּֽה׃nakheriyah[am] a foreignerH5237
Ruth 2:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּ֤עַןvaiyaanand he answeredH6030בֹּ֙עַז֙boazBoazH1162וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559לָ֔הּlahto <the> herהֻגֵּ֨דhugedcertainly <to be told>H5046הֻגַּ֜דhugadit has been toldH5046לִ֗יlito <the> meכֹּ֤לkolallH3605אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-thatH834עָשִׂית֙ʾasityou have doneH6213אֶת־ʾet-withH854חֲמוֹתֵ֔ךְchamotekhmother-in-law yourH2545אַחֲרֵ֖יʾachareiafterH310מ֣וֹתmot[the] death ofH4194אִישֵׁ֑ךְʾishekhhusband yourH376וַתַּֽעַזְבִ֞יvataazviand you leftH5800אָּבִ֣יךְʾavikhfather yourH1וְאִמֵּ֗ךְveimekhand mother yourH517וְאֶ֙רֶץ֙veeretzand [the] land ofH776מֽוֹלַדְתֵּ֔ךְmoladtekhkindred yourH4138וַתֵּ֣לְכִ֔יvatelekhiand you cameH1980אֶל־ʾel-toH413עַ֕םʾama peopleH5971אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhichH834לֹא־lo'-notH3808יָדַ֖עַתְּyadaatyou knewH3045תְּמ֥וֹלtemolyesterdayH8543שִׁלְשֽׁוֹם׃shilshomthree days agoH8032
Ibn Ezra on Ruth 2:11
It has been fully related to me. An action where the agent is not specified.
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Ruth 2:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
יְשַׁלֵּ֥םyeshalemmay he rewardH7999יְהוָ֖הyahwehYahwehH3068פָּעֳלֵ֑ךְpoolekhdeed[s] yourH6467וּתְהִ֨יutehiand may it beH1961מַשְׂכֻּרְתֵּ֜ךְmaskurtekhwage[s] yourH4909שְׁלֵמָ֗הshelemahcompleteH8003מֵעִ֤םmeimfrom withH5973יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068אֱלֹהֵ֣יʾelohei[the] God ofH430יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyisraelIsraelH3478אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whomH834בָּ֖אתbatyou have comeH935לַחֲס֥וֹתlachasotto take refugeH2620תַּֽחַת־tachat-underH8478כְּנָפָֽיו׃kenafavwings hisH3671
Ibn Ezra on Ruth 2:12
Thy reward. Like "the tally of bricks," it is a noun from the intensive binyan (conjugation) with an additional mem (מ).
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Ruth 2:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַ֠תֹּאמֶרvatomerand she saidH559אֶמְצָא־ʾemtza'-I am findingH4672חֵ֨ןchenfavorH2580בְּעֵינֶ֤יךָbeeineikhain view yourH5869אֲדֹנִי֙ʾadoniO lord myH113כִּ֣יkiforH3588נִֽחַמְתָּ֔נִיnichamtaniyou have comforted meH5162וְכִ֥יvekhiand forH3588דִבַּ֖רְתָּdibartayou have spokenH1696עַל־ʾal-toH5921לֵ֣בlev[the] heart ofH3820שִׁפְחָתֶ֑ךָshifchatekhamaidservant yourH8198וְאָנֹכִי֙veanokhiand IH595לֹ֣אlo'notH3808אֶֽהְיֶ֔הʾehyehI amH1961כְּאַחַ֖תkeachatlike one ofH259שִׁפְחֹתֶֽיךָ׃shifchoteikhamaidservants yourH8198
Rashi on Ruth 2:13
I cannot even be considered as one of your handmaidens. I am not as worthy as one of your handmaidens.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 2:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמֶר֩vaiyomerand he saidH559לָ֨הlahto <the> herבֹ֜עַזvoazBoazH1162לְעֵ֣תleetto [the] time ofH6256הָאֹ֗כֶלhaokhelthe mealH400גֹּ֤שִֽׁיgoshiapproachH5066הֲלֹם֙halomhereH1988וְאָכַ֣לְתְּveakhaltand you will eatH398מִן־min-some ofH4480הַלֶּ֔חֶםhalechemthe foodH3899וְטָבַ֥לְתְּvetavaltand you will dipH2881פִּתֵּ֖ךְpitekhportion yourH6595בַּחֹ֑מֶץbachometzin the vinegarH2558וַתֵּ֙שֶׁב֙vateshevand she sat downH3427מִצַּ֣דmitzadfrom [the] side ofH6654הַקּֽוֹצְרִ֔יםhakotzrimthe harvestersH7114וַיִּצְבָּט־vaiyitzbot-and he held outH6642לָ֣הּlahto <the> herקָלִ֔יkaliroasted grainH7039וַתֹּ֥אכַלvatokhaland she ateH398וַתִּשְׂבַּ֖עvatisba'and she was satisfiedH7646וַתֹּתַֽר׃vatotarand she had excessH3498
Rashi on Ruth 2:14
And dip your bread in the vinegar. From here [we derive] that vinegar is good for the heat. 12 Maseches Shabbos 113b. It is a popular and refreshing drink for those who toil in extremely hot climates.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 2:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתָּ֖קָםvatakomand she aroseH6965לְלַקֵּ֑טlelaketto gleanH3950וַיְצַו֩vaytzavand he commandedH6680בֹּ֨עַזboazBoazH1162אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853נְעָרָ֜יוnearavservants hisH5288לֵאמֹ֗רlemor<to> sayingH559גַּ֣םgamalsoH1571בֵּ֧יןbeinbetweenH996הָֽעֳמָרִ֛יםhoomarimthe sheavesH6016תְּלַקֵּ֖טtelaketshe will gleanH3950וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808תַכְלִימֽוּהָ׃takhlimuhayou must humiliate herH3637
Ibn Ezra on Ruth 2:15
Do not reproach her. Derived from the root שלל (to plunder). Some say it is like an error from [the word] של.
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Ruth 2:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְגַ֛םvegamand alsoH1571שֹׁל־shol-indeed <pull out>H7997תָּשֹׁ֥לּוּtasholuyou will pull outH7997לָ֖הּlahfor <the> herמִן־min-some ofH4480הַצְּבָתִ֑יםhatzevatimthe bundles of grainH6653וַעֲזַבְתֶּ֥םvaazavtemand you will leave [them]H5800וְלִקְּטָ֖הveliketahand she will gleanH3950וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808תִגְעֲרוּ־tigaru-you must rebukeH1605בָֽהּ׃vah<in> <the> her
Naomi hears the name of the near kinsman17
Ruth 2:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתְּלַקֵּ֥טvatelaketand she gleanedH3950בַּשָּׂדֶ֖הbasadehin the fieldH7704עַד־ʾad-untilH5704הָעָ֑רֶבhaarevthe eveningH6153וַתַּחְבֹּט֙vatachbotand she beat outH2251אֵ֣תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-[that] whichH834לִקֵּ֔טָהliketahshe had gleanedH3950וַיְהִ֖יvayhiand it wasH1961כְּאֵיפָ֥הkeeifahabout an ephahH374שְׂעֹרִֽים׃seorimbarley<s>H8184
Ruth 2:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתִּשָּׂא֙vatisa'and she lifted [it] upH5375וַתָּב֣וֹאvatavo'and she wentH935הָעִ֔ירhairthe cityH5892וַתֵּ֥רֶאvatere'and she sawH7200חֲמוֹתָ֖הּchamotahmother-in-law herH2545אֵ֣תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-[that] whichH834לִקֵּ֑טָהliketahshe had gleanedH3950וַתּוֹצֵא֙vatotze'and she took [it] outH3318וַתִּתֶּן־vatiten-and she gaveH5414לָ֔הּlahto <the> herאֵ֥תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-[that] whichH834הוֹתִ֖רָהhotirahshe had left overH3498מִשָּׂבְעָֽהּ׃misaveahfrom abundance herH7648
Ruth 2:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּאמֶר֩vatomerand she saidH559לָ֨הּlahto <the> herחֲמוֹתָ֜הּchamotahmother-in-law herH2545אֵיפֹ֨הʾeifohwhere?H375לִקַּ֤טְתְּlikattdid you gleanH3950הַיּוֹם֙haiyomthis dayH3117וְאָ֣נָהveanahand where?H575עָשִׂ֔יתʾasitdid you workH6213יְהִ֥יyehimay he beH1961מַכִּירֵ֖ךְmakirekh[the one who] paid regard to youH5234בָּר֑וּךְbarukhblessedH1288וַתַּגֵּ֣דvatagedand she toldH5046לַחֲמוֹתָ֗הּlachamotahto mother-in-law herH2545אֵ֤תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whomH834עָשְׂתָה֙ʾasetahshe had workedH6213עִמּ֔וֹimowith himH5973וַתֹּ֗אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559שֵׁ֤םshem[the] name ofH8034הָאִישׁ֙haishthe manH376אֲשֶׁ֨רʾasherwhomH834עָשִׂ֧יתִיʾasitiI workedH6213עִמּ֛וֹimowith himH5973הַיּ֖וֹםhaiyomthis dayH3117בֹּֽעַז׃boaz[is] BoazH1162
Ruth 2:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֨אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559נָעֳמִ֜יnoomiNaomiH5281לְכַלָּתָ֗הּlekhalatahto daughter-in-law herH3618בָּר֥וּךְbarukh[be] blessedH1288הוּא֙hu'heH1931לַיהוָ֔הlayahwehby YahwehH3068אֲשֶׁר֙ʾasherwhoH834לֹא־lo'-notH3808עָזַ֣בʾazavhe has forsakenH5800חַסְדּ֔וֹchasdocovenant loyalty hisH2617אֶת־ʾet-withH854הַחַיִּ֖יםhachaiyimthe livingH2416וְאֶת־veetand withH854הַמֵּתִ֑יםhametimthe deadH4191וַתֹּ֧אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559לָ֣הּlahto <the> herנָעֳמִ֗יnoomiNaomiH5281קָר֥וֹבkarov[is] nearH7138לָ֙נוּ֙lanuto <the> usהָאִ֔ישׁhaishthe manH376מִֽגֹּאֲלֵ֖נוּmigoalenu[is] one of kinsman-redeemer[s] ourH1350הֽוּא׃hu'heH1931
Ruth 2:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֖אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559ר֣וּתrutRuthH7327הַמּוֹאֲבִיָּ֑הhamoaviyahthe Moabite [woman]H4125גַּ֣ם׀gamalsoH1571כִּי־ki-thatH3588אָמַ֣רʾamarhe saidH559אֵלַ֗יʾelaito meH413עִם־ʾim-withH5973הַנְּעָרִ֤יםhanearimthe servantsH5288אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whoH834לִי֙li[belong] to <the> meתִּדְבָּקִ֔יןtidbakinyou will stay !H1692עַ֣דʾaduntilH5704אִם־ʾim-<if>H518כִּלּ֔וּkiluthey have completedH3615אֵ֥תʾet<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605הַקָּצִ֖ירhakatzirthe harvestH7105אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834לִֽי׃li[belongs] to <the> me
Ruth 2:22· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֥אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559נָעֳמִ֖יnoomiNaomiH5281אֶל־ʾel-toH413ר֣וּתrutRuthH7327כַּלָּתָ֑הּkalatahdaughter-in-law herH3618ט֣וֹבtov[is] goodH2896בִּתִּ֗יbitiO daughter myH1323כִּ֤יkithatH3588תֵֽצְאִי֙tetzeiyou will go outH3318עִם־ʾim-withH5973נַ֣עֲרוֹתָ֔יוnaarotavfemale servants hisH5291וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808יִפְגְּעוּ־yifgeu-people will molestH6293בָ֖ךְvakh<in> <the> youבְּשָׂדֶ֥הbesadehin a fieldH7704אַחֵֽר׃ʾacheranotherH312
Ruth 2:23· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתִּדְבַּ֞קvatidbakand she stayedH1692בְּנַעֲר֥וֹתbenaarotwith [the] female servants ofH5291בֹּ֙עַז֙boazBoazH1162לְלַקֵּ֔טlelaketto gleanH3950עַד־ʾad-untilH5704כְּל֥וֹתkelotwas completeH3615קְצִֽיר־ketzir-[the] harvest ofH7105הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖יםhaseorimthe barley<s>H8184וּקְצִ֣ירuketzirand [the] harvest ofH7105הַֽחִטִּ֑יםhachitimthe wheat<s>H2406וַתֵּ֖שֶׁבvateshevand she dweltH3427אֶת־ʾet-withH854חֲמוֹתָֽהּ׃chamotahmother-in-law herH2545