Lamentationschapter 4
22 verses · BSBLamentations book hub →
Original Language
Lamentations 4— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
The Gold Grown Dim; Precious Sons as Earthen Pitchers1
Lamentations 4:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אֵיכָה֙ʾeikhahhow!H349יוּעַ֣םyuamit is dimmedH6004זָהָ֔בzahavgoldH2091יִשְׁנֶ֖אyishne'it is changedH8132הַכֶּ֣תֶםhaketemthe goldH3800הַטּ֑וֹבhatov<the> fineH2896תִּשְׁתַּפֵּ֙כְנָה֙tishtapekhenahthey lie scatteredH8210אַבְנֵי־ʾavnei-stones ofH68קֹ֔דֶשׁkodeshholinessH6944בְּרֹ֖אשׁberoshat [the] head ofH7218כָּל־kol-allH3605חוּצֽוֹת׃ סchutzot[the] streetsH2351
Rashi on Lamentations 4:1
How can it be that the golden glow has paled. This elegy was pronounced over Yoshiyahu, 1 Who was killed in a battle with Pharaoh Necho. as it is stated in Divrei Hayomim, “Behold it is written in the Book of Lamentations,” 2 II Divrei Hayomim:25.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Lamentations 4:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
בְּנֵ֤יbenei[the] children ofH1121צִיּוֹן֙tziyonZionH6726הַיְקָרִ֔יםhaykarim<the> preciousH3368הַמְסֻלָּאִ֖יםhamsulaimwho were weighedH5537בַּפָּ֑זbapazwith <the> pure goldH6337אֵיכָ֤הʾeikhahhow!H349נֶחְשְׁבוּ֙nechshevuthey are consideredH2803לְנִבְלֵי־lenivlei-to jars ofH5035חֶ֔רֶשׂcheresearthenwareH2789מַעֲשֵׂ֖הmaaseh[the] work ofH4639יְדֵ֥יyedei[the] hands ofH3027יוֹצֵֽר׃ סyotzera potterH3335
Lamentations 4:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
גַּם־gam-alsoH1571תַּנִּים֙taninjackalsH8577חָ֣לְצוּchaltzuthey draw outH2502שַׁ֔דshada breastH7699הֵינִ֖יקוּheinikuthey suckleH3243גּוּרֵיהֶ֑ןgureihenyoung theirH1482בַּת־bat-[the] daughter ofH1323עַמִּ֣יʾamipeople myH5971לְאַכְזָ֔רleakhzar[has become] <into> cruelH393כַּיְעֵנִ֖יםkaenimlike <the> ostrichesH3283בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ סbamidbarin the wildernessH4057
Lamentations 4:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
דָּבַ֨קdavakit has cleavedH1692לְשׁ֥וֹןleshon[the] tongue ofH3956יוֹנֵ֛קyoneka suckling-childH3243אֶל־ʾel-toH413חכּ֖וֹchikopalate itsH2441בַּצָּמָ֑אbatzama'by <the> thirstH6772עֽוֹלָלִים֙olalimchildrenH5768שָׁ֣אֲלוּshaaluthey have asked forH7592לֶ֔חֶםlechembreadH3899פֹּרֵ֖שׂpores[one who] breaks [it]H6566אֵ֥יןʾeinnotH369לָהֶֽם׃ סlahem[belonged] to them
Lamentations 4:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
הָאֹֽכְלִים֙haokhelimthe [ones] eatingH398לְמַ֣עֲדַנִּ֔יםlemaadanim<to> delicaciesH4574נָשַׁ֖מּוּnashamuthey are desolateH8074בַּחוּצ֑וֹתbachutzotin the streetsH2351הָאֱמֻנִים֙haemunimthe [ones] brought upH539עֲלֵ֣יʾaleionH5921תוֹלָ֔עtola'crimsonH8438חִבְּק֖וּchibekuthey have embracedH2263אַשְׁפַּתּֽוֹת׃ סʾashpatotash heapsH830
Lamentations 4:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּגְדַּל֙vaiyigdaland it has become greatH1431עֲוֹ֣ןʾavon[the] iniquity ofH5771בַּת־bat-[the] daughter ofH1323עַמִּ֔יʾamipeople myH5971מֵֽחַטַּ֖אתmechatatmore than [the] sin ofH2403סְדֹ֑םsedomSodomH5467הַֽהֲפוּכָ֣הhahafukhahwhich was overthrownH2015כְמוֹ־khemov-likeH3644רָ֔גַעraga'a momentH7281וְלֹא־velo'-and notH3808חָ֥לוּchaluthey twistedH2342בָ֖הּvahon itיָדָֽיִם׃ סyadayimhandsH3027
Lamentations 4:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
זַכּ֤וּzakuthey were brightH2141נְזִירֶ֙יהָ֙nezireihaones of high rank itsH5139מִשֶּׁ֔לֶגmishelegmore than snowH7950צַח֖וּtzachuthey were dazzlingH6705מֵחָלָ֑בmechalavmore than milkH2461אָ֤דְמוּʾademuthey were redH119עֶ֙צֶם֙ʾetzemboneH6106מִפְּנִינִ֔יםmipeninimmore than coralsH6443סַפִּ֖ירsapir[was] sapphireH5601גִּזְרָתָֽם׃ סgizratampolishing theirH1508
Lamentations 4:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
חָשַׁ֤ךְchashakhit is darkH2821מִשְּׁחוֹר֙mishechormore than sootH7815תָּֽאֳרָ֔םtooramappearance theirH8389לֹ֥אlo'notH3808נִכְּר֖וּnikeruthey are recognizedH5234בַּחוּצ֑וֹתbachutzotin the streetsH2351צָפַ֤דtzafadit has shriveledH6821עוֹרָם֙oramskin theirH5785עַל־ʾal-onH5921עַצְמָ֔םʾatzmambone theirH6106יָבֵ֖שׁyaveshdryH3002הָיָ֥הhayahit has becomeH1961כָעֵֽץ׃ סkhaetzlike <the> woodH6086
Lamentations 4:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
טוֹבִ֤יםtovimgoodH2896הָיוּ֙hayuthey areH1961חַלְלֵי־chalei-[those] slain ofH2491חֶ֔רֶבchereva swordH2719מֵֽחַלְלֵ֖יmechaleimore than [those] slain ofH2491רָעָ֑בraavhungerH7458שֶׁ֣הֵ֤םshehemwho theyH1992יָז֙וּבוּ֙yazuvuthey flow awayH2100מְדֻקָּרִ֔יםmedukarimpierced throughH1856מִתְּנוּבֹ֖תmitenuvotfrom [the] produce<s> ofH8570שָׂדָֽי׃ סsadai[the] fieldH7704
Lamentations 4:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
יְדֵ֗יyedei[the] hands ofH3027נָשִׁים֙nashimwomenH802רַחֲמָ֣נִיּ֔וֹתrachamaniyotcompassionateH7362בִּשְּׁל֖וּbisheluthey have boiledH1310יַלְדֵיהֶ֑ןyaldeihenown children theirH3206הָי֤וּhayuthey have beenH1961לְבָרוֹת֙levarotfor eatingH1262לָ֔מוֹlamofor themבְּשֶׁ֖בֶרbesheverin [the] brokenness ofH7667בַּת־bat-[the] daughter ofH1323עַמִּֽי׃ סʾamipeople myH5971
Lamentations 4:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
כִּלָּ֤הkilahhe has completedH3615יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853חֲמָת֔וֹchamatorage hisH2534שָׁפַ֖ךְshafakhhe has poured outH8210חֲר֣וֹןcharon[the] burning ofH2740אַפּ֑וֹʾapoanger hisH639וַיַּצֶּת־vaiyatzet-and he has kindledH3341אֵ֣שׁʾesha fireH784בְּצִיּ֔וֹןbetziyonin ZionH6726וַתֹּ֖אכַלvatokhaland it has consumedH398יְסוֹדֹתֶֽיהָ׃ סyesodoteihafoundations itsH3247
Rashi on Lamentations 4:11
Adonoy spent His wrath. Which burned in Him for many years. 17 God’s fury is compared to a ‘consuming fire’ as in Eichah:3 above; also see Devorim:24. He now spent it when He avenged Himself upon them.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
The Sins of Her Prophets; the Breath of Our Nostrils Taken12
Lamentations 4:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לֹ֤אlo'notH3808הֶאֱמִ֙ינוּ֙heeminuthey believedH539מַלְכֵי־malkhei-[the] kings ofH4428אֶ֔רֶץʾeretz[the] earthH776כֹּ֖לkholallH3605יֹשְׁבֵ֣יyoshevei[the] inhabitants ofH3427תֵבֵ֑לtevel[the] worldH8398כִּ֤יkithatH3588יָבֹא֙yavo'he will goH935צַ֣רtzaropponentH6862וְאוֹיֵ֔בveoyevand enemyH341בְּשַׁעֲרֵ֖יbeshaareiin [the] gates ofH8179יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ סyerushalimJerusalemH3389
Lamentations 4:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
מֵֽחַטֹּ֣אתmechatotfrom [the] sins ofH2403נְבִיאֶ֔יהָnevieihaprophets itsH5030עֲוֹנ֖וֹתavonot[the] iniquities ofH5771כֹּהֲנֶ֑יהָkohaneihapriests itsH3548הַשֹּׁפְכִ֥יםhashofekhimwho shedH8210בְּקִרְבָּ֖הּbekirbahin midst itsH7130דַּ֥םdam[the] blood ofH1818צַדִּיקִֽים׃ סtzadikimrighteous [people]H6662
Rashi on Lamentations 4:13
For the sins of her false prophets. [Because of the] false [prophets], this evil has befallen her. 18 Alternately, ‘because of the sins committed against the prophets,’ namely the murder of Zecharyah, this evil has befallen her.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Lamentations 4:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
נָע֤וּnauthey wanderedH5128עִוְרִים֙ʾivrimblind [people]H5787בַּֽחוּצ֔וֹתbachutzotin the streetsH2351נְגֹֽאֲל֖וּnegoaluthey were defiledH1351בַּדָּ֑םbadamby the bloodH1818בְּלֹ֣אbelo'in notH3808יֽוּכְל֔וּyukhelupeople were ableH3201יִגְּע֖וּyigeupeople touchedH5060בִּלְבֻשֵׁיהֶֽם׃ סbilvusheihem<in> clothes theirH3830
Rashi on Lamentations 4:14
The blind slithered in the streets. When the blind would walk in the street, they would stagger, and their feet would slip on the blood of the slain, 19 Alternatively, ‘they wandered through the streets blindly.’ whom the wicked were slaying in its [Yerusholayim] midst.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Lamentations 4:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
ס֣וּרוּsurudepartH5493טָמֵ֞אtame'uncleanH2931קָ֣רְאוּkareupeople called outH7121לָ֗מוֹlamoto themס֤וּרוּsurudepartH5493ס֙וּרוּ֙surudepartH5493אַל־ʾal-may notH408תִּגָּ֔עוּtigauyou touchH5060כִּ֥יkiforH3588נָצ֖וּnatzuthey fledH5132גַּם־gam-alsoH1571נָ֑עוּnauthey wanderedH5128אָֽמְרוּ֙ʾamerupeople saidH559בַּגּוֹיִ֔םbagoyimamong the nationsH1471לֹ֥אlo'notH3808יוֹסִ֖יפוּyosifuthey will increaseH3254לָגֽוּר׃ סlagurto sojournH1481
Rashi on Lamentations 4:15
Get away. From us, you unclean ones, who are sullied with blood.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Lamentations 4:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
פְּנֵ֤יpenei[the] presence ofH6440יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068חִלְּקָ֔םchilekamit scattered themH2505לֹ֥אlo'notH3808יוֹסִ֖יףyosifhe will repeatH3254לְהַבִּיטָ֑םlehabitamto pay attention to themH5027פְּנֵ֤יpenei[the] face ofH6440כֹהֲנִים֙khohanimpriestsH3548לֹ֣אlo'notH3808נָשָׂ֔אוּnasauthey lifted upH5375וּזְקֵנִ֖יםvuzekenimand eldersH2205לֹ֥אlo'notH3808חָנָֽנוּ׃ סchananuthey showed favor toH2603
Lamentations 4:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
עוֹדֵ֙ינוּ֙odeinuyet weH5750תִּכְלֶ֣ינָהtikhleinahthey failedH3615עֵינֵ֔ינוּʾeineinueyes ourH5869אֶל־ʾel-toH413עֶזְרָתֵ֖נוּʾezratenuhelp ourH5833הָ֑בֶלhavelfutilityH1892בְּצִפִּיָּתֵ֣נוּbetzipiyatenuin watchtower ourH6836צִפִּ֔ינוּtzipinuwe watchedH6822אֶל־ʾel-toH413גּ֖וֹיgoya nationH1471לֹ֥אlo'[which] notH3808יוֹשִֽׁעַ׃ סyoshia'it will saveH3467
Lamentations 4:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
צָד֣וּtzaduthey huntedH6679צְעָדֵ֔ינוּtzeadeinusteps ourH6806מִלֶּ֖כֶתmilekhetfrom walkingH1980בִּרְחֹבֹתֵ֑ינוּbirchoteinuin open places ourH7339קָרַ֥בkaravit drew nearH7126קִצֵּ֛ינוּkitzeinuend ourH7093מָלְא֥וּmaluthey were completedH4390יָמֵ֖ינוּyameinudays ourH3117כִּי־ki-forH3588בָ֥אva'it had comeH935קִצֵּֽינוּ׃ סkitzeinuend ourH7093
Lamentations 4:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
קַלִּ֤יםkalimswiftH7031הָיוּ֙hayuthey wereH1961רֹדְפֵ֔ינוּrodefeinupursuers ourH7291מִנִּשְׁרֵ֖יminishreimore than [the] eagles ofH5404שָׁמָ֑יִםshamayimheavenH8064עַל־ʾal-onH5921הֶהָרִ֣יםheharimthe mountainsH2022דְּלָקֻ֔נוּdelakunuthey hotly pursued usH1814בַּמִּדְבָּ֖רbamidbarin the wildernessH4057אָ֥רְבוּʾarevuthey lay in waitH693לָֽנוּ׃ סlanufor us
Lamentations 4:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
ר֤וּחַruach[the] breath ofH7307אַפֵּ֙ינוּ֙ʾapeinunostrils ourH639מְשִׁ֣יחַmeshiach[the] [one] anointed ofH4899יְהוָ֔הyahwehYahwehH3068נִלְכַּ֖דnilkadhe was capturedH3920בִּשְׁחִיתוֹתָ֑םbishchitotamin pits theirH7825אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhomH834אָמַ֔רְנוּʾamarnuwe had saidH559בְּצִלּ֖וֹbetziloin shadow hisH6738נִֽחְיֶ֥הnichyehwe will liveH2421בַגּוֹיִֽם׃ סvagoyimamong the nationsH1471
Rejoice, Daughter of Edom — the Cup Shall Pass to Thee21
Lamentations 4:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
שִׂ֤ישִׂיsisiexultH7797וְשִׂמְחִי֙vesimchiand rejoiceH8055בַּת־bat-O daughter ofH1323אֱד֔וֹםʾedomEdomH123יוֹשֶׁ֖בֶתyoshavti[who] dwellsH3427בְּאֶ֣רֶץbeeretzin [the] land ofH776ע֑וּץʾutzUzH5780גַּם־gam-alsoH1571עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ʾalayikhto youH5921תַּעֲבָר־taavor-it will pass onH5674כּ֔וֹסkosa cupH3563תִּשְׁכְּרִ֖יtishkeriyou will become drunkH7937וְתִתְעָרִֽי׃ סvetitariand you may strip yourself nakedH6168
Lamentations 4:22· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
תַּם־tam-it will finishH8552עֲוֹנֵךְ֙ʾavonekhiniquity yourH5771בַּת־bat-O daughter ofH1323צִיּ֔וֹןtziyonZionH6726לֹ֥אlo'notH3808יוֹסִ֖יףyosifhe will increaseH3254לְהַגְלוֹתֵ֑ךְlehaglotekhto take into exile youH1540פָּקַ֤דpakadhe will punishH6485עֲוֹנֵךְ֙ʾavonekhiniquity yourH5771בַּת־bat-O daughter ofH1323אֱד֔וֹםʾedomEdomH123גִּלָּ֖הgilahhe will make knownH1540עַל־ʾal-onH5921חַטֹּאתָֽיִךְ׃ פchatotayikhsins yourH2403