Hebrew verb · H2821
חָשַׁךְ
chashakkhaw-shak'
to darken
17 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key
Concordance spelling: châshak
Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H2821is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.
- 9 of 39Old Testament books
- 16spellings
The definition in full
Strong's key (1890) · H2821
to be dark (as withholding light); transitively, to darken
The King James renders it: be black, be (make) dark, darken, cause darkness, be dim, hide.
James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.
Summary
chashak is rendered "to darken". It stands 17 times in the Hebrew text, across nine books.
- Three of the uses stand in Job, more than in any other book.
- Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Exodus 10:15They covered the face of all the land until it was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left behind. Nothing green was left on any tree or plant in all the land of Egypt.
- The Greek text spells it sixteen different ways.
The first use
They covered the face of all the land until it was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left behind. Nothing green was left on any tree or plant in all the land of Egypt.
Exodus 10:15וַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְ
The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.
Where the word stands
The word stands in nine of the 39 Old Testament books.
What the word means
Each meaning, and the words it is translated by
How the Greek text is glossed, word by word
- it is dark2
- and he made dark1
- and I will make dark1
- and it grew dark1
- and it will grow dark1
- and they will grow dim1
- he makes dark1
- he will bring darkness1
- it grows dark1
- it has become dark1
- it will be dark1
- it will become dark1
and 4 more, 17 uses in all
The words built on the same word-part
Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.
The words it stands beside
All 17, in canonical order
Every use, in order
Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.
16 spellings and their grammar
STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.
How it is spelled
- חָשַׁ֤ךְ2
- הֶחְשִׁ֑יךְ1
- וְהַחֲשַׁכְתִּ֥י1
- וְחָשְׁכָ֥ה1
- וְחָשְׁכ֥וּ1
- וַיַּחְשִׁ֑ךְ1
- וַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְ1
- חָשַׁ֣ךְ1
- חָשַׁ֖ךְ1
- חָשְׁכ֥וּ1
- יַחְשִׁ֪יךְ1
- יַחְשִׁ֔ךְ1
and 4 more spellings in the ledger below.
The grammar of each form
- verb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular4HVqp3ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular2HVhi3ms
- Hc/Vhq1cs1Hc/Vhq1cs
- Hc/Vhw3ms1Hc/Vhw3ms
- Hc/Vqq3cp1Hc/Vqq3cp
- Hc/Vqq3fs1Hc/Vqq3fs
- Hc/Vqw3fs1Hc/Vqw3fs
- verb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singular1HVhp3ms
- verb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singular1HVhrmsa
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine plural1HVqi3fp
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singular1HVqi3fs
- verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine plural1HVqi3mp
Exodus
one use
They covered the face of all the land until it was black, and they consumed all the plants on the ground and all the fruit on the trees that the hail had left behind. Nothing green was left on any tree or plant in all the land of Egypt.
- וַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְvatechshakhHc/Vqw3fstagged: and it grew dark
Job
three uses
May its morning stars grow dark; may it wait in vain for daylight; may it not see the breaking of dawn.
- יֶחְשְׁכוּ֮yechshekhuverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: let them grow dark
The light in his tent grows dark, and the lamp beside him goes out.
- חָשַׁ֣ךְchashakhverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it grows dark
“Who is this who obscures My counsel by words without knowledge?
- מַחְשִׁ֖יךְmachshikhverb · causative (hiphil), participle · masculine singulartagged: making dark
Psalms
three uses
May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see, and their backs be bent forever.
- תֶּחְשַׁ֣כְנָהtechshakhnahverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine pluraltagged: may they grow dim
He sent darkness, and it became dark— yet they defied His words.
- וַיַּחְשִׁ֑ךְvaiyachshikhHc/Vhw3mstagged: and he made dark
even the darkness is not dark to You, but the night shines like the day, for darkness is as light to You.
- יַחְשִׁ֪יךְyachshikhverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is dark
Ecclesiastes
two uses
before the light of the sun, moon, and stars is darkened, and the clouds return after the rain,
- תֶחְשַׁ֤ךְtechshakhverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person feminine singulartagged: it will become dark
on the day the keepers of the house tremble and the strong men stoop, when those grinding cease because they are few and those watching through windows see dimly,
- וְחָשְׁכ֥וּvechashekhuHc/Vqq3cptagged: and they will grow dim
Isaiah
two uses
In that day they will roar over it, like the roaring of the sea. If one looks over the land, he will see darkness and distress; even the light will be obscured by clouds.
- חָשַׁ֖ךְchashakhverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it has become dark
For the stars of heaven and their constellations will not give their light. The rising sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light.
- חָשַׁ֤ךְchashakhverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it will be dark
Jeremiah
one use
Give glory to the LORD your God before He brings darkness, before your feet stumble on the dusky mountains. You wait for light, but He turns it into deep gloom and thick darkness.
- יַחְשִׁ֔ךְyachshikhverb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will bring darkness
Lamentations
two uses
But now their appearance is blacker than soot; they are not recognized in the streets. Their skin has shriveled on their bones; it has become as dry as a stick.
- חָשַׁ֤ךְchashakhverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: it is dark
Because of this, our hearts are faint; because of these, our eyes grow dim—
- חָשְׁכ֥וּchashekhuverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person common pluraltagged: they have grown dim
Amos
two uses
He who made the Pleiades and Orion, who turns darkness into dawn and darkens day into night, who summons the waters of the sea and pours them over the face of the earth—the LORD is His name—
- הֶחְשִׁ֑יךְhechshikhverb · causative (hiphil), qatal (perfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he makes dark
And in that day, declares the Lord GOD, I will make the sun go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the daytime.
- וְהַחֲשַׁכְתִּ֥יvehachashakhtiHc/Vhq1cstagged: and I will make dark
Micah
one use
Therefore night will come over you without visions, and darkness without divination. The sun will set on these prophets, and the daylight will turn black over them.
- וְחָשְׁכָ֥הvechashekhahHc/Vqq3fstagged: and it will grow dark
The letters
Gematria 328· 808 mispar gadol
Where it leads
How the numbers are counted
Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.
Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.
The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.
The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.
