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Hebrew noun (masculine) · H1892

הֶבֶל

hebelheh'bel

vanity

73 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H1892is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 12 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 33
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H1892

emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb

The King James renders it: [idiom] altogether, vain, vanity.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

hebel is rendered "vanity". It stands 73 times in the Hebrew text, across twelve books.

  • Thirty-eight of the uses stand in Ecclesiastes, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Deuteronomy 32:21They have provoked My jealousy by that which is not God; they have enraged Me with their worthless idols. So I will make them jealous by those who are not a people; I will make them angry by a nation without understanding.
  • The Greek text spells it thirty-three different ways.

The first use

They have provoked My jealousy by that which is not God; they have enraged Me with their worthless idols. So I will make them jealous by those who are not a people; I will make them angry by a nation without understanding.

Deuteronomy 32:21בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑ם

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Thirty-eight of the word's seventy-three uses are in Ecclesiastes.

The other 27 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • futility33
  • vanity7
  • a breath5
  • futilities4
  • futility of3
  • futility your2
  • in the futility2
  • the vanity2
  • vanities of2
  • with vanities their2
  • among vanities of1
  • and futilities1

and 9 more, 73 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

Other numbers on this spelling

Strong gave these words the same spelling and different numbers, so the site counts and defines them apart.

All 73, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

33 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • הָֽבֶל׃13
  • הֶ֖בֶל11
  • הֶ֥בֶל7
  • הֶ֣בֶל6
  • הָ֑בֶל4
  • בְּהַבְלֵיהֶֽם׃2
  • הֶ֛בֶל2
  • הַבְלֵי־2
  • הֲבָלִ֖ים2
  • בַהֶ֥בֶל1
  • בַּהֶ֥בֶל1
  • בְּהַבְלֵ֥י1

and 21 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • noun · masculine singular45HNcmsa
  • noun · masculine plural4HNcmpa
  • noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)3HNcmsc
  • preposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural3HR/Ncmpc/Sp3mp
  • preposition with the article + noun · masculine singular3HRd/Ncmsa
  • conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular2HC/Ncmsa
  • noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)2HNcmpc
  • noun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular2HNcmsc/Sp2ms
  • preposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)2HR/Ncmpc
  • preposition + noun · masculine singular2HR/Ncmsa
  • the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singular2HTd/Ncmsa
  • conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural1HC/Ncmpa

Deuteronomy

one use
  • They have provoked My jealousy by that which is not God; they have enraged Me with their worthless idols. So I will make them jealous by those who are not a people; I will make them angry by a nation without understanding.

    Deuteronomy 32:21

    • בְּהַבְלֵיהֶ֑םbehavleihempreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: by vanities their

1 Kings

two uses
  • This happened because of all the sins Baasha and his son Elah had committed and had caused Israel to commit, provoking the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger with their worthless idols.

    1 Kings 16:13

    • בְּהַבְלֵיהֶֽם׃behavleihempreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: with vanities their
  • For he walked in all the ways of Jeroboam son of Nebat and in his sins, which he caused Israel to commit, provoking the LORD, the God of Israel, to anger with their worthless idols.

    1 Kings 16:26

    • בְּהַבְלֵיהֶֽם׃behavleihempreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: with vanities their

2 Kings

one use
  • They rejected His statutes and the covenant He had made with their fathers, as well as the decrees He had given them. They pursued worthless idols and themselves became worthless, going after the surrounding nations that the LORD had commanded them not to imitate.

    2 Kings 17:15

    • הַהֶ֙בֶל֙hahevelthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: the vanity

Job

five uses
  • I loathe my life! I would not live forever. Leave me alone, for my days are but a breath.

    Job 7:16

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: a breath
  • Since I am already found guilty, why should I labor in vain?

    Job 9:29

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • So how can you comfort me with empty words? For your answers remain full of falsehood.”

    Job 21:34

    • הָ֑בֶלhavelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • Surely all of you have seen it for yourselves. Why then do you keep up this empty talk?

    Job 27:12

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • So Job opens his mouth in vain and multiplies words without knowledge.”

    Job 35:16

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity

Psalms

nine uses
  • I hate those who cling to worthless idols, but in the LORD I trust.

    Psalms 31:6

    • הַבְלֵי־havlei-noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: vanities of
  • You, indeed, have made my days as handbreadths, and my lifetime as nothing before You. Truly each man at his best exists as but a breath. Selah

    Psalms 39:5

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • Surely every man goes about like a phantom; surely he bustles in vain; he heaps up riches not knowing who will haul them away.

    Psalms 39:6

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • You discipline and correct a man for his iniquity, consuming like a moth what he holds dear; surely each man is but a vapor. Selah

    Psalms 39:11

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: vanity
  • Lowborn men are but a vapor, the exalted but a lie. Weighed on the scale, they go up; together they are but a vapor.

    Psalms 62:9

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: a breath
    • מֵהֶ֥בֶלmehevelpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: more than a breath
  • So He ended their days in futility, and their years in sudden terror.

    Psalms 78:33

    • בַּהֶ֥בֶלbahevelpreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: in the futility
  • The LORD knows the thoughts of man, that they are futile.

    Psalms 94:11

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: a breath
  • Man is like a breath; his days are like a passing shadow.

    Psalms 144:4

    • לַהֶ֣בֶלlahevelpreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the breath

Proverbs

three uses
  • Dishonest wealth will dwindle, but what is earned through hard work will be multiplied.

    Proverbs 13:11

    • מֵהֶ֣בֶלmehevelpreposition + noun · masculine singulartagged: from vanity
  • Making a fortune by a lying tongue is a vanishing mist, a deadly pursuit.

    Proverbs 21:6

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: a breath
  • Charm is deceptive and beauty is fleeting, but a woman who fears the LORD is to be praised.

    Proverbs 31:30

    • וְהֶ֣בֶלvehevelconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and vanity

Ecclesiastes

thirty-eight uses
  • “Futility of futilities,” says the Teacher, “futility of futilities! Everything is futile!”

    Ecclesiastes 1:2

    • הֲבֵ֤לhavelnoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: futility of
    • הֲבָלִים֙havalimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: futilities
    • הֲבֵ֥לhavelnoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: futility of
    • הֲבָלִ֖יםhavalimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: futilities
    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • I have seen all the things that are done under the sun, and have found them all to be futile, a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 1:14

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • I said to myself, “Come now, I will test you with pleasure; enjoy what is good!” But it proved to be futile.

    Ecclesiastes 2:1

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • Yet when I considered all the works that my hands had accomplished and what I had toiled to achieve, I found everything to be futile, a pursuit of the wind; there was nothing to be gained under the sun.

    Ecclesiastes 2:11

    • הֶ֙בֶל֙hevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • So I said to myself, “The fate of the fool will also befall me. What then have I gained by being wise?” And I said to myself that this too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 2:15

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • So I hated life, because the work that is done under the sun was grievous to me. For everything is futile and a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 2:17

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • And who knows whether that man will be wise or foolish? Yet he will take over all the labor at which I have worked skillfully under the sun. This too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 2:19

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • When there is a man who has labored with wisdom, knowledge, and skill, and he must give his portion to a man who has not worked for it, this too is futile and a great evil.

    Ecclesiastes 2:21

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • Indeed, all his days are filled with grief, and his task is sorrowful; even at night, his mind does not rest. This too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 2:23

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • To the man who is pleasing in His sight, He gives wisdom and knowledge and joy, but to the sinner He assigns the task of gathering and accumulating that which he will hand over to one who pleases God. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 2:26

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • For the fates of both men and beasts are the same: As one dies, so dies the other—they all have the same breath. Man has no advantage over the animals, since everything is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 3:19

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • I saw that all labor and success spring from a man’s envy of his neighbor. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 4:4

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • Again, I saw futility under the sun.

    Ecclesiastes 4:7

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • There is a man all alone, without even a son or brother. And though there is no end to his labor, his eyes are still not content with his wealth: “For whom do I toil and bereave my soul of enjoyment?” This too is futile—a miserable task.

    Ecclesiastes 4:8

    • הֶ֛בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • There is no limit to all the people who were before them. Yet the successor will not be celebrated by those who come even later. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 4:16

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • For as many dreams bring futility, so do many words. Therefore, fear God.

    Ecclesiastes 5:7

    • וַהֲבָלִ֔יםvahavalimconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine pluraltagged: and futilities
  • He who loves money is never satisfied by money, and he who loves wealth is never satisfied by income. This too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 5:10

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • God gives a man riches, wealth, and honor, so that he lacks nothing his heart desires; but God does not allow him to enjoy them. Instead, a stranger will enjoy them. This is futile and a grievous affliction.

    Ecclesiastes 6:2

    • הֶ֛בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • For a stillborn child enters in futility and departs in darkness, and his name is shrouded in obscurity.

    Ecclesiastes 6:4

    • בַהֶ֥בֶלvahevelpreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: in the futility
  • Better what the eye can see than the wandering of desire. This too is futile and a pursuit of the wind.

    Ecclesiastes 6:9

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • For the more words, the more futility—and how does that profit anyone?

    Ecclesiastes 6:11

    • הָ֑בֶלhavelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • For who knows what is good for a man during the few days in which he passes through his fleeting life like a shadow? Who can tell a man what will come after him under the sun?

    Ecclesiastes 6:12

    • הֶבְל֖וֹhevlonoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: futility his
  • For like the crackling of thorns under the pot, so is the laughter of the fool. This too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 7:6

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • In my futile life I have seen both of these: A righteous man perishing in his righteousness, and a wicked man living long in his wickedness.

    Ecclesiastes 7:15

    • הֶבְלִ֑יhevlinoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: futility my
  • Then too, I saw the burial of the wicked who used to go in and out of the holy place, and they were praised in the city where they had done so. This too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 8:10

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • There is a futility that is done on the earth: There are righteous men who get what the actions of the wicked deserve, and there are wicked men who get what the actions of the righteous deserve. I say that this too is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 8:14

    • הֶבֶל֮hevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • Enjoy life with your beloved wife all the days of the fleeting life that God has given you under the sun—all your fleeting days. For this is your portion in life and in your labor under the sun.

    Ecclesiastes 9:9

    • הֶבְלֶ֔ךָhevlekhanoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: futility your
    • הֶבְלֶ֑ךָhevlekhanoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: futility your
  • So if a man lives many years, let him rejoice in them all. But let him remember the days of darkness, for they will be many. Everything to come is futile.

    Ecclesiastes 11:8

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • So banish sorrow from your heart, and cast off pain from your body, for youth and vigor are fleeting.

    Ecclesiastes 11:10

    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • “Futility of futilities,” says the Teacher. “Everything is futile!”

    Ecclesiastes 12:8

    • הֲבֵ֧לhavelnoun · masculine singular · in construct (“…of”)tagged: futility of
    • הֲבָלִ֛יםhavalimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: futilities
    • הָֽבֶל׃havelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility

Isaiah

three uses
  • Egypt’s help is futile and empty; therefore I have called her Rahab Who Sits Still.

    Isaiah 30:7

    • הֶ֥בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • But I said, “I have labored in vain, I have spent My strength in futility and vanity; yet My vindication is with the LORD, and My reward is with My God.”

    Isaiah 49:4

    • וְהֶ֖בֶלvehevelconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and futility
  • When you cry out, let your companies of idols deliver you! Yet the wind will carry off all of them, a breath will take them away. But he who seeks refuge in Me will inherit the land and possess My holy mountain.”

    Isaiah 57:13

    • הָ֑בֶלhavelnoun · masculine singulartagged: a breath

Jeremiah

eight uses
  • This is what the LORD says: “What fault did your fathers find in Me that they strayed so far from Me, and followed worthless idols, and became worthless themselves?

    Jeremiah 2:5

    • הַהֶ֖בֶלhahevelthe definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: the vanity
  • Listen to the cry of the daughter of my people from a land far away: “Is the LORD no longer in Zion? Is her King no longer there?” “Why have they provoked Me to anger with their carved images, with their worthless foreign idols?”

    Jeremiah 8:19

    • בְּהַבְלֵ֥יbehavleipreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: by vanities of
  • For the customs of the peoples are worthless; they cut down a tree from the forest; it is shaped with a chisel by the hands of a craftsman.

    Jeremiah 10:3

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • But they are altogether senseless and foolish, instructed by worthless idols made of wood!

    Jeremiah 10:8

    • הֲבָלִ֖יםhavalimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: futilities
  • They are worthless, a work to be mocked. In the time of their punishment they will perish.

    Jeremiah 10:15

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • Can the worthless idols of the nations bring rain? Do the skies alone send showers? Is this not by You, O LORD our God? So we put our hope in You, for You have done all these things.

    Jeremiah 14:22

    • בְּהַבְלֵ֤יbehavleipreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: among vanities of
  • O LORD, my strength and my fortress, my refuge in the day of distress, the nations will come to You from the ends of the earth, and they will say, “Our fathers inherited nothing but lies, worthless idols of no benefit at all.

    Jeremiah 16:19

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility
  • They are worthless, a work to be mocked. In the time of their punishment they will perish.

    Jeremiah 51:18

    • הֶ֣בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility

Lamentations

one use
  • All the while our eyes were failing as we looked in vain for help. We watched from our towers for a nation that could not save us.

    Lamentations 4:17

    • הָ֑בֶלhavelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility

Jonah

one use
  • Those who cling to worthless idols forsake His loving devotion.

    Jonah 2:8

    • הַבְלֵי־havlei-noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”)tagged: vanities of

Zechariah

one use
  • For idols speak deceit and diviners see illusions; they tell false dreams and offer empty comfort. Therefore the people wander like sheep, oppressed for lack of a shepherd.

    Zechariah 10:2

    • הֶ֖בֶלhevelnoun · masculine singulartagged: futility

The letters

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →