Isaiahchapter 1
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Original Language
Isaiah 1— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
A Sinful Nation and a Land Left Desolate1
Isaiah 1:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
חֲזוֹן֙chazon[the] vision ofH2377יְשַֽׁעְיָ֣הוּyesha'yahuIsaiahH3470בֶן־ven-[the] son ofH1121אָמ֔וֹץʾamotzAmozH531אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhichH834חָזָ֔הchazahhe sawH2372עַל־ʾal-onH5921יְהוּדָ֖הyehudahJudahH3063וִירוּשָׁלִָ֑םvirushalimand JerusalemH3389בִּימֵ֨יbimeiin [the] days ofH3117עֻזִּיָּ֧הוּʾuziyahuUzziahH5818יוֹתָ֛םyotamJothamH3147אָחָ֥זʾachazAhazH271יְחִזְקִיָּ֖הוּyechizkiyahuHezekiahH2396מַלְכֵ֥יmalkhei[the] kings ofH4428יְהוּדָֽה׃yehudahJudahH3063
Rashi on Isaiah 1:1
the vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz Said Rabbi Levi: We have a tradition from our ancestors that Amoz and Amaziah, king of Judah, were brothers.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Isaiah 1:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
שִׁמְע֤וּshimuhearH8085שָׁמַ֙יִם֙shamayimO heavensH8064וְהַאֲזִ֣ינִיvehaaziniand give earH238אֶ֔רֶץʾeretzO earthH776כִּ֥יkiforH3588יְהוָ֖הyahwehYahwehH3068דִּבֵּ֑רdiberhe has spokenH1696בָּנִים֙banimchildrenH1121גִּדַּ֣לְתִּיgidaltiI have brought upH1431וְרוֹמַ֔מְתִּיveromamtiand I have raisedH7311וְהֵ֖םvehemand theyH1992פָּ֥שְׁעוּpasheuthey have rebelledH6586בִֽי׃viagainst me
Isaiah 1:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
יָדַ֥עyada'it knowsH3045שׁוֹר֙shoran oxH7794קֹנֵ֔הוּkonehuowner itsH7069וַחֲמ֖וֹרvachamorand a donkeyH2543אֵב֣וּסʾevus[the] feeding trough ofH18בְּעָלָ֑יוbealavowner<s> itsH1167יִשְׂרָאֵל֙yisraelIsraelH3478לֹ֣אlo'notH3808יָדַ֔עyada'it knowsH3045עַמִּ֖יʾamipeople myH5971לֹ֥אlo'notH3808הִתְבּוֹנָֽן׃hitbonanit considers carefullyH995
Isaiah 1:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
ה֣וֹי׀howoe to!H1945גּ֣וֹיgoya nationH1471חֹטֵ֗אchote'[which] sinsH2398עַ֚םʾama peopleH5971כֶּ֣בֶדkevedheavy ofH3515עָוֹ֔ןʾavoniniquity ofH5771זֶ֣רַעzera'springH2233מְרֵעִ֔יםmereim[who] do evilH7489בָּנִ֖יםbanimchildrenH1121מַשְׁחִיתִ֑יםmashchitim[who] behave corruptlyH7843עָזְב֣וּʾazevuthey have forsakenH5800אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יְהוָ֗הyahwehYahwehH3068נִֽאֲצ֛וּniatzuthey have spurnedH5006אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853קְד֥וֹשׁkedoosh[the] holy [one] ofH6918יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478נָזֹ֥רוּnazoruthey have become estrangedH2114אָחֽוֹר׃ʾachorback partH268
Isaiah 1:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
עַ֣לʾalconcerningH5921מֶ֥הmehwhat?H4100תֻכּ֛וּtukuwill you be struckH5221ע֖וֹדodagainH5750תּוֹסִ֣יפוּtosifuwill you increase?H3254סָרָ֑הsarahrebellionH5627כָּל־kol-allH3605רֹ֣אשׁrosh[the] headH7218לָחֳלִ֔יlocholi[is] for sicknessH2483וְכָל־vekholand allH3605לֵבָ֖בlevav[the] heartH3824דַּוָּֽי׃davai[is] faintH1742
Isaiah 1:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
מִכַּף־mikaf-from [the] sole ofH3709רֶ֤גֶלregel[the] footH7272וְעַד־vead-and toH5704רֹאשׁ֙rosh[the] headH7218אֵֽין־ʾein-there notH369בּ֣וֹboin itמְתֹ֔םmetom[is] soundnessH4974פֶּ֥צַעpetza'bruise[s]H6482וְחַבּוּרָ֖הvechaburahand welt[s]H2250וּמַכָּ֣הumakahand wound[s]H4347טְרִיָּ֑הteriyahfreshH2961לֹא־lo'-notH3808זֹ֙רוּ֙zoruthey have been pressed outH2115וְלֹ֣אvelo'and notH3808חֻבָּ֔שׁוּchubashuthey have been bound upH2280וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808רֻכְּכָ֖הrukekhahit has been softenedH7401בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃bashamenwith <the> oilH8081
Isaiah 1:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אַרְצְכֶ֣םʾartzekhemland yourH776שְׁמָמָ֔הshemamah[is] a desolationH8077עָרֵיכֶ֖םʾareikhemcities yourH5892שְׂרֻפ֣וֹתserufot[have been] burnedH8313אֵ֑שׁʾeshfireH784אַדְמַתְכֶ֗םʾadmatkhemground yourH127לְנֶגְדְּכֶם֙lenegdekhemto before youH5048זָרִים֙zarimstrangersH2114אֹכְלִ֣יםʾokhelim[are] devouringH398אֹתָ֔הּʾotah<obj.> itH853וּשְׁמָמָ֖הushemamahand desolationH8077כְּמַהְפֵּכַ֥תkemahpekhat[is] like [the] overthrow ofH4114זָרִֽים׃zarimstrangersH2114
Isaiah 1:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְנוֹתְרָ֥הvenotrahand she has been leftH3498בַת־vat-[the] daughter ofH1323צִיּ֖וֹןtziyonZionH6726כְּסֻכָּ֣הkesukahlike a shelterH5521בְכָ֑רֶםvekharemin a vineyardH3754כִּמְלוּנָ֥הkimlunahlike a watchman's hutH4412בְמִקְשָׁ֖הvemikshahin a cucumber fieldH4750כְּעִ֥ירkeirlike a cityH5892נְצוּרָֽה׃netzurahbesiegedH5341
Isaiah 1:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לוּלֵי֙luleiif notH3884יְהוָ֣הyahwehYahwehH3068צְבָא֔וֹתtzevaotof hostsH6635הוֹתִ֥ירhotirhe had leftH3498לָ֛נוּlanuto usשָׂרִ֖ידsaridsurvivor[s]H8300כִּמְעָ֑טkimatlike a littleH4592כִּסְדֹ֣םkisdomlike SodomH5467הָיִ֔ינוּhayinuwe wereH1961לַעֲמֹרָ֖הlaamorah<to> GomorrahH6017דָּמִֽינוּ׃ סdaminuwe were likeH1819
Your Appointed Feasts My Soul Hates10
Isaiah 1:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
שִׁמְע֥וּshimuhearH8085דְבַר־devar-[the] word ofH1697יְהוָ֖הyahwehYahwehH3068קְצִינֵ֣יketzineiO rulers ofH7101סְדֹ֑םsedomSodomH5467הַאֲזִ֛ינוּhaazinugive ear toH238תּוֹרַ֥תtorat[the] instruction ofH8451אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּʾeloheinuGod ourH430עַ֥םʾamO people ofH5971עֲמֹרָֽה׃ʾamorahGomorrahH6017
Rashi on Isaiah 1:10
rulers of Sodom Princes whose deeds are like those of Sodom. From here, [the Rabbis] deduced that a person should not open his mouth to Satan.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Isaiah 1:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לָמָּה־lamah-<to> why?H4100לִּ֤יlito meרֹב־rov-[the] multitude ofH7230זִבְחֵיכֶם֙zivcheikhemsacrifices yourH2077יֹאמַ֣רyomarhe saysH559יְהוָ֔הyahwehYahwehH3068שָׂבַ֛עְתִּיsava'tiI have been surfeitedH7646עֹל֥וֹתolotburnt offerings ofH5930אֵילִ֖יםʾeilimramsH352וְחֵ֣לֶבvechelevand [the] fat ofH2459מְרִיאִ֑יםmeriimfatlingsH4806וְדַ֨םvedamand [the] blood ofH1818פָּרִ֧יםparimbullsH6499וּכְבָשִׂ֛יםukhevasimand lambsH3532וְעַתּוּדִ֖יםveatudimand goatsH6260לֹ֥אlo'notH3808חָפָֽצְתִּי׃chafatzetiI am pleasedH2654
Rashi on Isaiah 1:11
I am sated with the burnt-offerings of rams This is similar to: “Lest he have too much of you and hate you,” (Proverbs:18).
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Isaiah 1:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
כִּ֣יkiifH3588תָבֹ֔אוּtavouyou comeH935לֵרָא֖וֹתleraotto present yourselvesH7200פָּנָ֑יpanaipresence myH6440מִי־mi-who?H4310בִקֵּ֥שׁvikeshdid he requireH1245זֹ֛אתzotthisH2063מִיֶּדְכֶ֖םmiyedkhemfrom hand yourH3027רְמֹ֥סremosto trampleH7429חֲצֵרָֽי׃chatzeraicourts myH2691
Rashi on Isaiah 1:12
who requested this of you, to trample My courts to trample [the preposition is absent in the Hebrew] My courts, since your heart is not whole with Me.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Isaiah 1:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לֹ֣אlo'notH3808תוֹסִ֗יפוּtosifuyou must repeatH3254הָבִיא֙havi'to bringH935מִנְחַת־minchat-an offering ofH4503שָׁ֔וְאshav'worthlessnessH7723קְטֹ֧רֶתketoretincenseH7004תּוֹעֵבָ֛הtoevah[is] an abominationH8441הִ֖יאhi'itH1931לִ֑יlito <the> meחֹ֤דֶשׁchodeshnew moonH2320וְשַׁבָּת֙veshabatand sabbathH7676קְרֹ֣אkero'[the] calling ofH7121מִקְרָ֔אmikra'convocation[s]H4744לֹא־lo'-notH3808אוּכַ֥לʾukhalI am able to endureH3201אָ֖וֶןʾavenwickednessH205וַעֲצָרָֽה׃vaatzarahand solemn assembli[es]H6116
Rashi on Isaiah 1:13
You shall bring no more vain meal-offerings I warn you, you shall not bring Me your vain meal- offering, for the smoke that rises from it is smoke of abomination to Me, and not for My satisfaction.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg
Isaiah 1:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
חָדְשֵׁיכֶ֤םchadesheikhemnew moons yourH2320וּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶם֙umoadeikhemand appointed feasts yourH4150שָׂנְאָ֣הsaneahit hatesH8130נַפְשִׁ֔יnafshiself myH5315הָי֥וּhayuthey have becomeH1961עָלַ֖יʾalaion meH5921לָטֹ֑רַחlatorach<into> a burdenH2960נִלְאֵ֖יתִיnileitiI am wearyH3811נְשֹֽׂא׃neso'to bear [them]H5375
Isaiah 1:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּבְפָרִשְׂכֶ֣םuvefariskhemand when spread out youH6566כַּפֵּיכֶ֗םkapeikhemhands yourH3709אַעְלִ֤יםʾa'limI will hideH5956עֵינַי֙ʾeinaieyes myH5869מִכֶּ֔םmikemfrom youגַּ֛םgamalsoH1571כִּֽי־ki-forH3588תַרְבּ֥וּtarbuyou will multiplyH7235תְפִלָּ֖הtefilahprayerH8605אֵינֶ֣נִּיʾeineninot IH369שֹׁמֵ֑עַshomea'[will be] hearingH8085יְדֵיכֶ֖םyedeikhemhands yourH3027דָּמִ֥יםdamimblood<s>H1818מָלֵֽאוּ׃maleuthey are fullH4390
Come Now, Let Us Reason Together16
Isaiah 1:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לִמְד֥וּlimdu<you> learnH3925הֵיטֵ֛בheitevto do goodH3190דִּרְשׁ֥וּdirshuseekH1875מִשְׁפָּ֖טmishpatjusticeH4941אַשְּׁר֣וּʾasheruset rightH833חָמ֑וֹץchamotz[the] oppressorH2541שִׁפְט֣וּshiftuvindicateH8199יָת֔וֹםyatom[the] fatherlessH3490רִ֖יבוּrivuconduct a case forH7378אַלְמָנָֽה׃ סʾalmanah[the] widowH490
Isaiah 1:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לְכוּ־lekhu-comeH1980נָ֛אna'pleaseH4994וְנִוָּֽכְחָ֖הvenivakhechahso let us argue our case togetherH3198יֹאמַ֣רyomarhe saysH559יְהוָ֑הyahwehYahwehH3068אִם־ʾim-thoughH518יִֽהְי֨וּyihyuthey areH1961חֲטָאֵיכֶ֤םchataeikhemsins yourH2399כַּשָּׁנִים֙kashanimlike <the> scarletH8144כַּשֶּׁ֣לֶגkasheleglike <the> snowH7950יַלְבִּ֔ינוּyalbinuthey will become whiteH3835אִם־ʾim-thoughH518יַאְדִּ֥ימוּya'dimuthey are redH119כַתּוֹלָ֖עkhatola'like <the> crimsonH8438כַּצֶּ֥מֶרkatzemerlike <the> woolH6785יִהְיֽוּ׃yihyuthey will beH1961
Isaiah 1:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
The Faithful City Become a Harlot21
Isaiah 1:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
אֵיכָה֙ʾeikhahhow!H349הָיְתָ֣הhayetahit has becomeH1961לְזוֹנָ֔הlezonah<into> a prostituteH2181קִרְיָ֖הkiryaha townH7151נֶאֱמָנָ֑הneemanahfaithfulH539מְלֵאֲתִ֣יmeleatifull ofH4392מִשְׁפָּ֗טmishpatjusticeH4941צֶ֛דֶקtzedekrighteousnessH6664יָלִ֥יןyalinit lodgedH3885בָּ֖הּbahin itוְעַתָּ֥הveatahand nowH6258מְרַצְּחִֽים׃meratzechimmurderersH7523
Isaiah 1:22· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:23· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
שָׂרַ֣יִךְsarayikhleaders yourH8269סוֹרְרִ֗יםsorim[are] rebelsH5637וְחַבְרֵי֙vechavreiand companions ofH2270גַּנָּבִ֔יםganavimthievesH1590כֻּלּוֹ֙kuloall of itH3605אֹהֵ֣בʾohev[is] lovingH157שֹׁ֔חַדshochada bribeH7810וְרֹדֵ֖ףverodefand [is] pursuingH7291שַׁלְמֹנִ֑יםshalmonimrewardsH8021יָתוֹם֙yatom[the] fatherlessH3490לֹ֣אlo'notH3808יִשְׁפֹּ֔טוּyishpotuthey vindicateH8199וְרִ֥יבverivand [the] lawsuit ofH7379אַלְמָנָ֖הʾalmanaha widowH490לֹֽא־lo'-notH3808יָב֥וֹאyavo'it comesH935אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ פʾaleihemto themH413
Isaiah 1:24· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לָכֵ֗ןlakhen<to> thereforeH3651נְאֻ֤םneum[the] utterance ofH5002הָֽאָדוֹן֙haadonthe lordH113יְהוָ֣הyahwehYahwehH3068צְבָא֔וֹתtzevaotof hostsH6635אֲבִ֖ירʾavir[the] mighty one ofH46יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyisraelIsraelH3478ה֚וֹיhowoe!H1945אֶנָּחֵ֣םʾenachemI will ease myselfH5162מִצָּרַ֔יmitzaraifrom foes myH6862וְאִנָּקְמָ֖הveinakemahand I will avenge myselfH5358מֵאוֹיְבָֽי׃meoyvaifrom enemies myH341
Isaiah 1:25· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:26· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְאָשִׁ֤יבָהveashivahand I will restoreH7725שֹׁפְטַ֙יִךְ֙shofetayikhjudges yourH8199כְּבָרִ֣אשֹׁנָ֔הkevarishonahas at the former [time]H7223וְיֹעֲצַ֖יִךְveyoatzayikhand counselors yourH3289כְּבַתְּחִלָּ֑הkevattechilahas at the beginningH8462אַחֲרֵי־ʾacharei-afterH310כֵ֗ןkhenthusH3651יִקָּ֤רֵאyikare'it will be calledH7121לָךְ֙lokhto youעִ֣ירʾir[the] city ofH5892הַצֶּ֔דֶקhatzedek<the> righteousnessH6664קִרְיָ֖הkiryaha townH7151נֶאֱמָנָֽה׃neemanahfaithfulH539
Isaiah 1:27· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:28· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:29· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
כִּ֣יkiforH3588יֵבֹ֔שׁוּyevoshuthey will be ashamedH954מֵאֵילִ֖יםmeeilimfrom [the] oaksH352אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhichH834חֲמַדְתֶּ֑םchamadtemyou have desiredH2530וְתַ֨חְפְּר֔וּvetachperuand you may be abashedH2659מֵהַגַּנּ֖וֹתmehagganotfrom the gardensH1593אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhichH834בְּחַרְתֶּֽם׃bechartemyou have chosenH977
Isaiah 1:30· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Isaiah 1:31· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהָיָ֤הvehayahand he will becomeH1961הֶחָסֹן֙hechasonthe strong [person]H2634לִנְעֹ֔רֶתlinoret<into> towH5296וּפֹעֲל֖וֹufoaloand work hisH6467לְנִיצ֑וֹץlenitzotz<into> a sparkH5213וּבָעֲר֧וּuvaaruand they will burnH1197שְׁנֵיהֶ֛םsheneihemboth of themH8147יַחְדָּ֖וyachdavtogetherH3162וְאֵ֥יןveeinand there notH369מְכַבֶּֽה׃ סmekhabeh[will be one who] extinguishesH3518