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Hebrew noun (masculine) · H3490

יָתוֹם

yathomyaw-thome'

orphan

42 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: yâthôwm

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H3490is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 12 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 32
    spellings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H3490

a bereaved person

The King James renders it: fatherless (child), orphan.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

yathom is rendered "orphan". It stands 42 times in the Hebrew text, across twelve books.

  • Eleven of the uses stand in Deuteronomy, more than in any other book.
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Exodus 22:22You must not mistreat any widow or orphan.
  • The Greek text spells it thirty-two different ways.

The first use

You must not mistreat any widow or orphan.

Exodus 22:22וְיָת֖וֹם

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

Eleven of the word's forty-two uses are in Deuteronomy.

The other 27 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • fatherless9
  • fatherless ones8
  • a fatherless one7
  • to the fatherless one5
  • and fatherless3
  • and the fatherless one3
  • and a fatherless one2
  • and fatherless ones1
  • fatherless one1
  • fatherless ones its1
  • fatherless your1
  • to fatherless children his1

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

יָתוּרyathurremainderUsesnot recorded

The words it stands beside

All 42, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

32 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • יָת֣וֹם3
  • יָת֖וֹם3
  • לַיָּת֥וֹם3
  • וְהַיָּת֥וֹם2
  • יָת֑וֹם2
  • יָת֥וֹם2
  • לַיָּת֣וֹם2
  • וְהַיָּת֤וֹם1
  • וְיָת֑וֹם1
  • וְיָת֖וֹם1
  • וְ֝יָת֗וֹם1
  • וְיָת֛וֹם1

and 20 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • noun · masculine singular17HNcmsa
  • noun · masculine plural8HNcmpa
  • conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singular5HC/Ncmsa
  • preposition with the article + noun · masculine singular5HRd/Ncmsa
  • conjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singular3HC/Td/Ncmsa
  • conjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine plural1HC/Ncmpa
  • noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singular1HNcmpc/Sp2ms
  • noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1HNcmpc/Sp3ms
  • preposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singular1HR/Ncmpc/Sp3ms

Exodus

two uses
  • You must not mistreat any widow or orphan.

    Exodus 22:22

    • וְיָת֖וֹםveyatomconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a fatherless one
  • My anger will be kindled, and I will kill you with the sword; then your wives will become widows and your children will be fatherless.

    Exodus 22:24

    • יְתֹמִֽים׃ פyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones

Deuteronomy

eleven uses
  • He executes justice for the fatherless and widow, and He loves the foreigner, giving him food and clothing.

    Deuteronomy 10:18

    • יָת֖וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one
  • Then the Levite (because he has no portion or inheritance among you), the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow within your gates may come and eat and be satisfied. And the LORD your God will bless you in all the work of your hands.

    Deuteronomy 14:29

    • וְהַיָּת֤וֹםvehaiyatomconjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and the fatherless one
  • and you shall rejoice before the LORD your God in the place He will choose as a dwelling for His Name—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite within your gates, as well as the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widows among you.

    Deuteronomy 16:11

    • וְהַיָּת֥וֹםvehaiyatomconjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and the fatherless one
  • And you shall rejoice in your feast—you, your sons and daughters, your menservants and maidservants, and the Levite, as well as the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widows among you.

    Deuteronomy 16:14

    • וְהַיָּת֥וֹםvehaiyatomconjunction (“and”) + the definite article (“the”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and the fatherless one
  • Do not deny justice to the foreigner or the fatherless, and do not take a widow’s cloak as security.

    Deuteronomy 24:17

    • יָת֑וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one
  • If you are harvesting in your field and forget a sheaf there, do not go back to get it. It is to be left for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow, so that the LORD your God may bless you in all the work of your hands.

    Deuteronomy 24:19

    • לַיָּת֥וֹםlaiyatompreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the fatherless one
  • When you beat the olives from your trees, you must not go over the branches again. What remains will be for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow.

    Deuteronomy 24:20

    • לַיָּת֥וֹםlaiyatompreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the fatherless one
  • When you gather the grapes of your vineyard, you must not go over the vines again. What remains will be for the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow.

    Deuteronomy 24:21

    • לַיָּת֥וֹםlaiyatompreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the fatherless one
  • When you have finished laying aside a tenth of all your produce in the third year, the year of the tithe, you are to give it to the Levite, the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow, that they may eat and be filled within your gates.

    Deuteronomy 26:12

    • לַיָּת֣וֹםlaiyatompreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the fatherless one
  • Then you shall declare in the presence of the LORD your God, “I have removed from my house the sacred portion and have given it to the Levite, the foreigner, the fatherless, and the widow, according to all the commandments You have given me. I have not transgressed or forgotten Your commandments.

    Deuteronomy 26:13

    • לַיָּת֣וֹםlaiyatompreposition with the article + noun · masculine singulartagged: to the fatherless one
  • ‘Cursed is he who withholds justice from the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow.’ And let all the people say, ‘Amen!’

    Deuteronomy 27:19

    • יָת֖וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one

Job

seven uses
  • You would even cast lots for an orphan and barter away your friend.

    Job 6:27

    • יָת֥וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one
  • You sent widows away empty-handed, and the strength of the fatherless was crushed.

    Job 22:9

    • יְתֹמִ֣יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones
  • They drive away the donkey of the fatherless and take the widow’s ox in pledge.

    Job 24:3

    • יְתוֹמִ֣יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones
  • The fatherless infant is snatched from the breast; the nursing child of the poor is seized for a debt.

    Job 24:9

    • יָת֑וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one
  • because I rescued the poor who cried out and the fatherless who had no helper.

    Job 29:12

    • וְ֝יָת֗וֹםveyatomconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and fatherless
  • if I have eaten my morsel alone, not sharing it with the fatherless—

    Job 31:17

    • יָת֣וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one
  • if I have lifted up my hand against the fatherless because I saw that I had support in the gate,

    Job 31:21

    • יָת֣וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: a fatherless one

Psalms

eight uses
  • But You have regarded trouble and grief; You see to repay it by Your hand. The victim entrusts himself to You; You are the helper of the fatherless.

    Psalms 10:14

    • יָ֝ת֗וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • to vindicate the fatherless and oppressed, that the men of the earth may strike terror no more.

    Psalms 10:18

    • יָת֗וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • A father of the fatherless, and a defender of the widows, is God in His holy habitation.

    Psalms 68:5

    • יְ֭תוֹמִיםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones
  • Defend the cause of the weak and fatherless; uphold the rights of the afflicted and oppressed.

    Psalms 82:3

    • וְיָת֑וֹםveyatomconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and fatherless
  • They kill the widow and the foreigner; they murder the fatherless.

    Psalms 94:6

    • וִֽיתוֹמִ֣יםvitomimconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine pluraltagged: and fatherless ones
  • May his children be fatherless and his wife a widow.

    Psalms 109:9

    • יְתוֹמִ֑יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones
  • May there be no one to extend kindness to him, and no one to favor his fatherless children.

    Psalms 109:12

    • לִיתוֹמָֽיו׃litomavpreposition + noun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: to fatherless children his
  • The LORD protects foreigners; He sustains the fatherless and the widow, but the ways of the wicked He frustrates.

    Psalms 146:9

    • יָת֣וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless

Proverbs

one use
  • Do not move an ancient boundary stone or encroach on the fields of the fatherless,

    Proverbs 23:10

    • יְ֝תוֹמִ֗יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones

Isaiah

four uses
  • Learn to do right; seek justice and correct the oppressor. Defend the fatherless and plead the case of the widow.”

    Isaiah 1:17

    • יָת֔וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • Your rulers are rebels, friends of thieves. They all love bribes and chasing after rewards. They do not defend the fatherless, and the plea of the widow never comes before them.

    Isaiah 1:23

    • יָתוֹם֙yatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • Therefore the Lord takes no pleasure in their young men; He has no compassion on their fatherless and widows. For every one of them is godless and wicked, and every mouth speaks folly. Despite all this, His anger is not turned away; His hand is still upraised.

    Isaiah 9:17

    • יְתֹמָ֤יוyetomavnoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: fatherless ones its
  • to deprive the poor of fair treatment and withhold justice from the oppressed of My people, to make widows their prey and orphans their plunder.

    Isaiah 10:2

    • יְתוֹמִ֖יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones

Jeremiah

four uses
  • They have grown fat and sleek, and have excelled in the deeds of the wicked. They have not taken up the cause of the fatherless, that they might prosper; nor have they defended the rights of the needy.

    Jeremiah 5:28

    • יָת֖וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • if you no longer oppress the foreigner and the fatherless and the widow, and if you no longer shed innocent blood in this place or follow other gods to your own harm,

    Jeremiah 7:6

    • יָת֤וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • This is what the LORD says: Administer justice and righteousness. Rescue the victim of robbery from the hand of his oppressor. Do no wrong or violence to the foreigner, the fatherless, or the widow. Do not shed innocent blood in this place.

    Jeremiah 22:3

    • יָת֨וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless
  • Abandon your orphans; I will preserve their lives. Let your widows trust in Me.”

    Jeremiah 49:11

    • יְתֹמֶ֖יךָyetomeikhanoun · masculine plural · in construct (“…of”) + pronoun suffix · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: fatherless your

Lamentations

one use
  • We have become fatherless orphans; our mothers are widows.

    Lamentations 5:3

    • יְתוֹמִ֤יםyetomimnoun · masculine pluraltagged: fatherless ones

Ezekiel

one use
  • Father and mother are treated with contempt. Within your walls the foreign resident is exploited, the fatherless and the widow are oppressed.

    Ezekiel 22:7

    • יָת֥וֹםyatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless one

Hosea

one use
  • Assyria will not save us, nor will we ride on horses. We will never again say, ‘Our gods!’ to the work of our own hands. For in You the fatherless find compassion.”

    Hosea 14:3

    • יָתֽוֹם׃yatomnoun · masculine singulartagged: fatherless

Zechariah

one use
  • Do not oppress the widow or the fatherless, the foreigner or the poor. And do not plot evil in your hearts against one another.’

    Zechariah 7:10

    • וְיָת֛וֹםveyatomconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and fatherless

Malachi

one use
  • “Then I will draw near to you for judgment. And I will be a swift witness against sorcerers and adulterers and perjurers, against oppressors of the widowed and fatherless, and against those who defraud laborers of their wages and deny justice to the foreigner but do not fear Me,” says the LORD of Hosts.

    Malachi 3:5

    • וְיָת֤וֹםveyatomconjunction (“and”) + noun · masculine singulartagged: and a fatherless one

The letters

Gematria 456· 1,016 mispar gadol

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →