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Genesischapter 43

34 verses · Moses, by tradition · 15th to 13th century BC · The Law

In Jewish life

The reading

Weekly portion 10 of 54

מִקֵּץ Miketz, Genesis 41:1 to 44:17

Read with it: 1 Kings 3:15 to 4:1.

The verse numbers here are the ones a Hebrew Bible carries, which differ from an English Bible by a verse or two in several places. The Sephardi reading is named only where this site records a difference; communities vary beyond what is listed. What these books are, and how a Christian reader meets them →

How it is read

Radak and Rashi read the opening of the chapter the same way, and the reading turns Judah into a tactician. Radak says Judah told his brothers "not to argue with their aged father until there would be no more bread in the house", at which point Jacob would give way over Benjamin (Radak on Genesis 43:1:1, translated by Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash, CC-BY), and Rashi puts the same counsel in Judah's mouth: "Judah said to them: Leave the old man alone until the house will run short of bread", on Midrash Tanchuma, Miketz 8 (Rashi on Genesis 43:2:1, the Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A. M. Silbermann, 1929 to 1934, public domain). Judah's pledge for the boy Rashi reads strictly, "for I will not bring him back to you dead but alive" (Rashi on Genesis 43:9:1), and Judah's word about living he takes as prophecy kindled in him rather than a turn of phrase (Rashi on Genesis 43:8:1). Jacob's closing words over the journey he reads as the last thing a father can add: "Now you lack nothing except prayer, and therefore I pray for you", on Genesis Rabbah 91:11 (Rashi on Genesis 43:14:1). The steward's answer about the money he divides in two, the brothers' own merits first and their father's after them, and the laying of the meal he describes plainly, "they laid it out ornately in fine vessels" (Rashi on Genesis 43:23:1 and 43:25:1). Radak notices where the brothers chose to speak to the steward, "in order that the people of Joseph's household should not overhear them" (Radak on Genesis 43:19:1). Sforno reads the gift as the thing that will get them a hearing, citing Proverbs on a present that opens a way, and reads their account of the returned money as a claim about the coins themselves, that the same pieces came back in their sacks (Sforno on Genesis 43:13:1 and 43:21:1, Munk translation, CC-BY). Ibn Ezra comments here at 43:27:1 and stands as a citation, the corpus holding no English of him under a licence permitting quotation.

What the rabbis say

The corpus records forty rabbinic locators on this chapter, thirty-seven of them Midrash and three Talmud. Midrash Sekhel Tov is the densest work here, cited at Bereshit 43:2:1, 43:3:1, 43:4:1, 43:5:1, 43:6:1, 43:6:2, 43:17:1, 43:21:1 and 43:22:1, following the argument with Jacob almost line by line. Bereshit Rabbah is cited at 40:6, 74:12, 91:10, 92:4 and 93:2, Bereshit Rabbati at Parashat Miketz 21, 22, 47 and 50 and at Parashat Vayechi 6, Midrash Aggadah at Genesis 43:7:1, 43:12:1, 43:19:1, 43:20:1 and 43:27:1, and Midrash Lekach Tov at Genesis 43:4:1, 43:5:1, 43:23:1 and 43:30:1 and at Genesis 41:1:1. Bamidbar Rabbah is cited at 13:3, 14:2 and 14:8, Aggadat Bereshit at 19:3, 73:1, 76:1 and 79:6, and Kohelet Rabbah at 9:11:1. The three Talmud locators are Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot 1:1:16 at the warning the man gave them, Bava Batra 15a:12 at Jacob's choice of a present, and Jerusalem Talmud Shabbat 9:3:4 at the preparing of the meal. Rashi hands on further sayings with their locators, among them Genesis Rabbah 91:11 and 92:5, Midrash Tanchuma, Miketz 8 and Yoma 69b.

The text, verse by verse

Each word shows the Hebrew, the English under it, how it sounds and its Strong’s number. A rule between verses marks where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.

Judah Pledges Himself for Benjamin

43:1
וְהָרָעָ֖בand the famineveharaavH7458כָּבֵ֥ד[was] heavykavedH3515בָּאָֽרֶץ׃in the landbaaretzH776

Radak on Genesis 43:1

RadakProvence, 1160–1235· Commentary
והרעב, Yehudah said to his brothers not to argue with their aged father until there would be no more bread in the house at which time he would agree to send his son Binyamin with the brothers.

Read it in full at Sefaria · Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash

43:2
וַיְהִ֗יand it wasvayhiH1961כַּאֲשֶׁ֤רjust whenkaasherH834כִּלּוּ֙they finishedkiluH3615לֶאֱכֹ֣לto eatleekholH398אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הַשֶּׁ֔בֶרthe grainhasheverH7668אֲשֶׁ֥רwhichʾasherH834הֵבִ֖יאוּthey had broughtheviuH935מִמִּצְרָ֑יִםfrom EgyptmimitzrayimH4714וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559אֲלֵיהֶם֙to themʾaleihemH413אֲבִיהֶ֔םfather theirʾavihemH1שֻׁ֖בוּgo backshuvuH7725שִׁבְרוּ־buyshivru-H7666לָ֥נוּfor uslanuמְעַט־a little ofmeat-H4592אֹֽכֶל׃foodʾokhelH400
43:3
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559אֵלָ֛יוto himʾelavH413יְהוּדָ֖הJudahyehudahH3063לֵאמֹ֑ר<to> sayinglemorH559הָעֵ֣דcertainly <to warn>haedH5749הֵעִד֩he warnedheidH5749בָּ֨נוּ<in> usbanuהָאִ֤ישׁthe manhaishH376לֵאמֹר֙<to> sayinglemorH559לֹֽא־notlo'-H3808תִרְא֣וּyou will seetiruH7200פָנַ֔יface myfanaiH6440בִּלְתִּ֖יexceptbiltiH1115אֲחִיכֶ֥םbrother yourʾachikhemH251אִתְּכֶֽם׃[is] with youʾitekhemH854
43:4
אִם־ifʾim-H518יֶשְׁךָ֛there youyeshkhaH3426מְשַׁלֵּ֥חַ[are] sendingmeshaleachH7971אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853אָחִ֖ינוּbrother ourʾachinuH251אִתָּ֑נוּwith usʾitanuH854נֵרְדָ֕הwe will go downneredahH3381וְנִשְׁבְּרָ֥הand we will buyvenishberahH7666לְךָ֖for youlekhaאֹֽכֶל׃foodʾokhelH400
43:5
וְאִם־and ifveim-H518אֵינְךָ֥not youʾeinekhaH369מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ[are] sending [him]meshaleachH7971לֹ֣אnotlo'H3808נֵרֵ֑דwe will go downneredH3381כִּֽי־forki-H3588הָאִ֞ישׁthe manhaishH376אָמַ֤רhe saidʾamarH559אֵלֵ֙ינוּ֙to usʾeleinuH413לֹֽא־notlo'-H3808תִרְא֣וּyou will seetiruH7200פָנַ֔יface myfanaiH6440בִּלְתִּ֖יexceptbiltiH1115אֲחִיכֶ֥םbrother yourʾachikhemH251אִתְּכֶֽם׃[is] with youʾitekhemH854
43:6
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙and he saidvaiyomerH559יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelyisraelH3478לָמָ֥ה<to> why?lamahH4100הֲרֵעֹתֶ֖םdid you do harmhareotemH7489לִ֑יto meliלְהַגִּ֣ידby tellinglehagidH5046לָאִ֔ישׁto the manlaishH376הַע֥וֹד¿ stillhaodH5750לָכֶ֖ם[belong] to youlakhemאָֽח׃[does] a brotherʾachH251
43:7
וַיֹּאמְר֡וּand they saidvaiyomeruH559שָׁא֣וֹלcarefully <to ask>shaolH7592שָֽׁאַל־he askedshaal-H7592הָ֠אִישׁthe manhaishH376לָ֣נוּof uslanuוּלְמֽוֹלַדְתֵּ֜נוּand of kindred ourulemoladtenuH4138לֵאמֹ֗ר<to> sayinglemorH559הַע֨וֹד¿ stillhaodH5750אֲבִיכֶ֥ם[is] father yourʾavikhemH1חַי֙livingchaiH2416הֲיֵ֣שׁ¿ [does] therehayeshH3426לָכֶ֣ם[belong] to youlakhemאָ֔חa brotherʾachH251וַנַ֨גֶּד־and we toldvanaged-H5046ל֔וֹto himloעַל־onʾal-H5921פִּ֖י[the] mouth ofpiH6310הַדְּבָרִ֣יםthe wordshadevarimH1697הָאֵ֑לֶּה<the> thesehaelehH428הֲיָד֣וֹעַ¿ really <to know>hayadoa'H3045נֵדַ֔עdid we knowneda'H3045כִּ֣יthatkiH3588יֹאמַ֔רhe will sayyomarH559הוֹרִ֖ידוּbring downhoriduH3381אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853אֲחִיכֶֽם׃brother yourʾachikhemH251
43:8
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559יְהוּדָ֜הJudahyehudahH3063אֶל־toʾel-H413יִשְׂרָאֵ֣לIsraelyisraelH3478אָבִ֗יוfather hisʾavivH1שִׁלְחָ֥הsend !shilchahH7971הַנַּ֛עַרthe young manhanaarH5288אִתִּ֖יwith meʾitiH854וְנָק֣וּמָהso let us arisevenakumahH6965וְנֵלֵ֑כָהand we will govenelekhahH1980וְנִֽחְיֶה֙and we may livevenichyehH2421וְלֹ֣אand notvelo'H3808נָמ֔וּתwe will dienamutH4191גַּם־bothgam-H1571אֲנַ֥חְנוּweʾanachnuH587גַם־as well asgam-H1571אַתָּ֖הyouʾatahH859גַּם־as well asgam-H1571טַפֵּֽנוּ׃little one[s] ourtapenuH2945
43:9
אָֽנֹכִי֙IʾanokhiH595אֶֽעֶרְבֶ֔נּוּI will stand surety for himʾeervenuH6148מִיָּדִ֖יfrom hand mymiyadiH3027תְּבַקְשֶׁ֑נּוּyou will require himtevakshenuH1245אִם־ifʾim-H518לֹ֨אnotlo'H3808הֲבִיאֹתִ֤יוI have brought himhaviotivH935אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙to youʾeleikhaH413וְהִצַּגְתִּ֣יוand I will set himvehitzagtivH3322לְפָנֶ֔יךָ<to> before youlefaneikhaH6440וְחָטָ֥אתִֽיand I will be culpablevechatatiH2398לְךָ֖to youlekhaכָּל־allkol-H3605הַיָּמִֽים׃the dayshaiyamimH3117
43:10
כִּ֖יforkiH3588לוּלֵ֣אif notlule'H3884הִתְמַהְמָ֑הְנוּwe had delayedhitmahmahenuH4102כִּֽי־forki-H3588עַתָּ֥הnowʾatahH6258שַׁ֖בְנוּwe have returnedshavnuH7725זֶ֥הthiszehH2088פַעֲמָֽיִם׃two timesfaamayimH6471

Onkelos Genesis 43:10

Targum
If we had not hesitated until now, we could have been there and back twice.

Read it in full at Sefaria · Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 [with Onkelos translation]

43:11
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559אֲלֵהֶ֜םto themʾalehemH413יִשְׂרָאֵ֣לIsraelyisraelH3478אֲבִיהֶ֗םfather theirʾavihemH1אִם־ifʾim-H518כֵּ֣ן׀sokenH3651אֵפוֹא֮thenʾefo'H645זֹ֣אתthiszotH2063עֲשׂוּ֒doʾasuH6213קְח֞וּtakekechuH3947מִזִּמְרַ֤תsome of [the] best products ofmizimratH2173הָאָ֙רֶץ֙the landhaaretzH776בִּכְלֵיכֶ֔םin vessels yourbikhleikhemH3627וְהוֹרִ֥ידוּand take downvehoriduH3381לָאִ֖ישׁto the manlaishH376מִנְחָ֑הa giftminchahH4503מְעַ֤טa little ofmeatH4592צֳרִי֙balmtzoriH6875וּמְעַ֣טand a little ofumeatH4592דְּבַ֔שׁhoneydevashH1706נְכֹ֣אתspicenekhotH5219וָלֹ֔טand myrrhvalotH3910בָּטְנִ֖יםpistachio nutsbatenimH992וּשְׁקֵדִֽים׃and almondsushekedimH8247

Ibn Ezra on Genesis 43:11

Ibn EzraSpain, 1089–1167· Commentary
Do according to the following counsel. 3 Zot (this) is feminine.

Read it in full at Sefaria · Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch, tran. and annot. by H. Norman Strickman and Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub., 1988-2004

43:12
וְכֶ֥סֶףand silvervekhesefH3701מִשְׁנֶ֖הdoublemishnehH4932קְח֣וּtakekechuH3947בְיֶדְכֶ֑םin hand yourveyedkhemH3027וְאֶת־and <obj.>veetH853הַכֶּ֜סֶףthe silverhakesefH3701הַמּוּשָׁ֨בthat was returnedhamushavH7725בְּפִ֤יin [the] mouth ofbefiH6310אַמְתְּחֹֽתֵיכֶם֙sacks yourʾamtechoteikhemH572תָּשִׁ֣יבוּyou will take backtashivuH7725בְיֶדְכֶ֔םin hand yourveyedkhemH3027אוּלַ֥יperhapsʾulaiH194מִשְׁגֶּ֖ה[was] a mistakemishgehH4870הֽוּא׃ithu'H1931
43:13
וְאֶת־and <obj.>veetH853אֲחִיכֶ֖םbrother yourʾachikhemH251קָ֑חוּtakekachuH3947וְק֖וּמוּand arisevekumuH6965שׁ֥וּבוּgo backshuvuH7725אֶל־toʾel-H413הָאִֽישׁ׃the manhaishH376
43:14
וְאֵ֣לand GodveelH410שַׁדַּ֗יAlmightyshadaiH7706יִתֵּ֨ןmay he giveyitenH5414לָכֶ֤םto youlakhemרַחֲמִים֙compassion<s>rachamimH7356לִפְנֵ֣י<to> beforelifneiH6440הָאִ֔ישׁthe manhaishH376וְשִׁלַּ֥חand he will let goveshilachH7971לָכֶ֛םto youlakhemאֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853אֲחִיכֶ֥םbrother yourʾachikhemH251אַחֵ֖רotherʾacherH312וְאֶת־and <obj.>veetH853בִּנְיָמִ֑יןBenjaminbinyaminH1144וַאֲנִ֕יand IvaaniH589כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust whenkaasherH834שָׁכֹ֖לְתִּיI have been bereavedshakholetiH7921שָׁכָֽלְתִּי׃I have been bereavedshakhaltiH7921

Ramban on Genesis 43:14

RambanSpain, 1194–1270· Commentary
In line with the literal interpretation of Scripture, it would seem that Simeon was not a favorite of his father because of the Shechem affair. 177 Above,:25-30.

Read it in full at Sefaria · Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976

Brought to the Steward's House

43:15
וַיִּקְח֤וּand they tookvaiyikchuH3947הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙the menhaanashimH582אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הַמִּנְחָ֣הthe gifthaminchahH4503הַזֹּ֔את<the> thishazotH2063וּמִשְׁנֶה־and doubleumishneh-H4932כֶּ֛סֶףmoneykesefH3701לָקְח֥וּthey tooklakechuH3947בְיָדָ֖םin hand theirveyadamH3027וְאֶת־and <obj.>veetH853בִּנְיָמִ֑ןBenjaminbinyaminH1144וַיָּקֻ֙מוּ֙and they arosevaiyakumuH6965וַיֵּרְד֣וּand they went downvaiyereduH3381מִצְרַ֔יִםEgyptmitzrayimH4714וַיַּֽעַמְד֖וּand they stoodvaiyaamduH5975לִפְנֵ֥י<to> beforelifneiH6440יוֹסֵֽף׃JosephyosefH3130
43:16
וַיַּ֨רְאand he sawvaiyar'H7200יוֹסֵ֣ףJosephyosefH3130אִתָּם֮with themʾitamH854אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853בִּנְיָמִין֒BenjaminbinyaminH1144וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙and he saidvaiyomerH559לַֽאֲשֶׁ֣רto [the one] wholaasherH834עַל־[was] overʾal-H5921בֵּית֔וֹhousehold hisbeitoH1004הָבֵ֥אbringhave'H935אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםthe menhaanashimH582הַבָּ֑יְתָהthe house towardshabayetahH1004וּטְבֹ֤חַand slaughterutevoachH2873טֶ֙בַח֙a slaughtertevachH2874וְהָכֵ֔ןand prepare [it]vehakhenH3559כִּ֥יforkiH3588אִתִּ֛יwith meʾitiH854יֹאכְל֥וּthey will eatyokheluH398הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםthe menhaanashimH582בַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃at <the> noon<s>batzohorayimH6672
43:17
וַיַּ֣עַשׂand he didvaiyaasH6213הָאִ֔ישׁthe manhaishH376כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֖רjust askaasherH834אָמַ֣רhe saidʾamarH559יוֹסֵ֑ףJosephyosefH3130וַיָּבֵ֥אand he broughtvaiyave'H935הָאִ֛ישׁthe manhaishH376אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםthe menhaanashimH582בֵּ֥יתָה[the] house of towardsbeitahH1004יוֹסֵֽף׃JosephyosefH3130
43:18
וַיִּֽירְא֣וּand they were afraidvaiyireuH3372הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֗יםthe menhaanashimH582כִּ֣יthatkiH3588הֽוּבְאוּ֮they were broughthuveuH935בֵּ֣ית[the] house ofbeitH1004יוֹסֵף֒JosephyosefH3130וַיֹּאמְר֗וּand they saidvaiyomeruH559עַל־onʾal-H5921דְּבַ֤ר[the] matter ofdevarH1697הַכֶּ֙סֶף֙the silverhakesefH3701הַשָּׁ֤בwhich returnedhashavH7725בְּאַמְתְּחֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙in sacks ourbeamtechoteinuH572בַּתְּחִלָּ֔הat the beginningbatechilahH8462אֲנַ֖חְנוּweʾanachnuH587מֽוּבָאִ֑ים[are] being broughtmuvaimH935לְהִתְגֹּלֵ֤לto roll himselflehitgolelH1556עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙on usʾaleinuH5921וּלְהִתְנַפֵּ֣לand to throw himselfulehitnapelH5307עָלֵ֔ינוּon usʾaleinuH5921וְלָקַ֧חַתand to takevelakachatH3947אֹתָ֛נוּ<obj.> usʾotanuH853לַעֲבָדִ֖יםto slaveslaavadimH5650וְאֶת־and <obj.>veetH853חֲמֹרֵֽינוּ׃donkeys ourchamoreinuH2543
43:19
וַֽיִּגְּשׁוּ֙and they approachedvaiyigeshuH5066אֶל־<to>ʾel-H413הָאִ֔ישׁthe manhaishH376אֲשֶׁ֖רwhoʾasherH834עַל־[was] overʾal-H5921בֵּ֣ית[the] household ofbeitH1004יוֹסֵ֑ףJosephyosefH3130וַיְדַבְּר֥וּand they spokevaydaberuH1696אֵלָ֖יוto himʾelavH413פֶּ֥תַח[the] entrance ofpetachH6607הַבָּֽיִת׃the househabayitH1004
43:20
וַיֹּאמְר֖וּand they saidvaiyomeruH559בִּ֣יpardon usbiH994אֲדֹנִ֑יO lord myʾadoniH113יָרֹ֥דcertainly <to come down>yarodH3381יָרַ֛דְנוּwe came downyaradnuH3381בַּתְּחִלָּ֖הat the beginningbatechilahH8462לִשְׁבָּר־to buylishbor-H7666אֹֽכֶל׃foodʾokhelH400
43:21
וַֽיְהִ֞יand it wasvayhiH1961כִּי־thatki-H3588בָ֣אנוּwe camevanuH935אֶל־toʾel-H413הַמָּל֗וֹןthe lodging placehamalonH4411וַֽנִּפְתְּחָה֙and we opened !vaniftechahH6605אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853אַמְתְּחֹתֵ֔ינוּsacks ourʾamtechoteinuH572וְהִנֵּ֤הand there!vehinehH2009כֶֽסֶף־[the] silver ofkhesef-H3701אִישׁ֙each manʾishH376בְּפִ֣י[was] in [the] mouth ofbefiH6310אַמְתַּחְתּ֔וֹsack hisʾamtachtoH572כַּסְפֵּ֖נוּsilver ourkaspenuH3701בְּמִשְׁקָל֑וֹin weight itsbemishkaloH4948וַנָּ֥שֶׁבand we have brought backvanashevH7725אֹת֖וֹ<obj.> itʾotoH853בְּיָדֵֽנוּ׃in hand ourbeyadenuH3027
43:22
וְכֶ֧סֶףand silvervekhesefH3701אַחֵ֛רotherʾacherH312הוֹרַ֥דְנוּwe have brought downhoradnuH3381בְיָדֵ֖נוּin hand ourveyadenuH3027לִשְׁבָּר־to buylishbor-H7666אֹ֑כֶלfoodʾokhelH400לֹ֣אnotlo'H3808יָדַ֔עְנוּwe knowyada'nuH3045מִי־who?mi-H4310שָׂ֥םdid he putsamH7760כַּסְפֵּ֖נוּsilver ourkaspenuH3701בְּאַמְתְּחֹתֵֽינוּ׃in sacks ourbeamtechoteinuH572
43:23
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidvaiyomerH559שָׁל֨וֹםpeaceshalomH7965לָכֶ֜ם[be] to youlakhemאַל־may notʾal-H408תִּירָ֗אוּyou feartirauH3372אֱלֹ֨הֵיכֶ֜םGod yourʾeloheikhemH430וֵֽאלֹהֵ֤יand [the] God ofveloheiH430אֲבִיכֶם֙father yourʾavikhemH1נָתַ֨ןhe gavenatanH5414לָכֶ֤םto youlakhemמַטְמוֹן֙treasurematmonH4301בְּאַמְתְּחֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔םin sacks yourbeamtechoteikhemH572כַּסְפְּכֶ֖םsilver yourkaspekhemH3701בָּ֣אit cameba'H935אֵלָ֑יto meʾelaiH413וַיּוֹצֵ֥אand he brought outvaiyotze'H3318אֲלֵהֶ֖םto themʾalehemH413אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853שִׁמְעֽוֹן׃SimeonshimonH8095
43:24
וַיָּבֵ֥אand he broughtvaiyave'H935הָאִ֛ישׁthe manhaishH376אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםthe menhaanashimH582בֵּ֣יתָה[the] house of towardsbeitahH1004יוֹסֵ֑ףJosephyosefH3130וַיִּתֶּן־and he gavevaiyiten-H5414מַ֙יִם֙watermayimH4325וַיִּרְחֲצ֣וּand they washedvaiyirchatzuH7364רַגְלֵיהֶ֔םfeet theirragleihemH7272וַיִּתֵּ֥ןand he gavevaiyitenH5414מִסְפּ֖וֹאfoddermispo'H4554לַחֲמֹֽרֵיהֶֽם׃to donkeys theirlachamoreihemH2543
43:25
וַיָּכִ֙ינוּ֙and they preparedvaiyakhinuH3559אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הַמִּנְחָ֔הthe gifthaminchahH4503עַד־untilʾad-H5704בּ֥וֹאcamebo'H935יוֹסֵ֖ףJosephyosefH3130בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִםat <the> noon<s>batzohorayimH6672כִּ֣יforkiH3588שָֽׁמְע֔וּthey had heardshameuH8085כִּי־thatki-H3588שָׁ֖םthereshamH8033יֹ֥אכְלוּthey will eatyokheluH398לָֽחֶם׃foodlachemH3899

A Feast, and Benjamin's Five Portions

43:26
וַיָּבֹ֤אand he camevaiyavo'H935יוֹסֵף֙JosephyosefH3130הַבַּ֔יְתָהthe house towardshabaytahH1004וַיָּבִ֥יאּוּand they broughtvaiyavi'uH935ל֛וֹto himloאֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853הַמִּנְחָ֥הthe gifthaminchahH4503אֲשֶׁר־whichʾasher-H834בְּיָדָ֖ם[was] in hand theirbeyadamH3027הַבָּ֑יְתָהthe house towardshabayetahH1004וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ־and they bowed downvaiyishtachavu-H7812ל֖וֹto himloאָֽרְצָה׃[the] ground towardsʾaretzahH776
43:27
וַיִּשְׁאַ֤לand he askedvaiyishalH7592לָהֶם֙of themlahemלְשָׁל֔וֹםto welfareleshalomH7965וַיֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559הֲשָׁל֛וֹם¿ healthhashalomH7965אֲבִיכֶ֥ם[is] father yourʾavikhemH1הַזָּקֵ֖ן<the> oldhazakenH2205אֲשֶׁ֣רwhomʾasherH834אֲמַרְתֶּ֑םyou spokeʾamartemH559הַעוֹדֶ֖נּוּ¿ [is] still hehaodenuH5750חָֽי׃alivechaiH2416
43:28
וַיֹּאמְר֗וּand they saidvaiyomeruH559שָׁל֛וֹםhealthshalomH7965לְעַבְדְּךָ֥[belongs] to servant yourleavdekhaH5650לְאָבִ֖ינוּto father ourleavinuH1עוֹדֶ֣נּוּstill heodenuH5750חָ֑י[is] alivechaiH2416וַֽיִּקְּד֖וּand they bowed lowvaiyikeduH6915וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּֽוּ׃and they bowed downvaiyishtachuH7812
43:29
וַיִּשָּׂ֣אand he lifted upvaiyisa'H5375עֵינָ֗יוeyes hisʾeinavH5869וַיַּ֞רְאand he sawvaiyar'H7200אֶת־<obj.>ʾet-H853בִּנְיָמִ֣יןBenjaminbinyaminH1144אָחִיו֮brother hisʾachivH251בֶּן־[the] son ofben-H1121אִמּוֹ֒mother hisʾimoH517וַיֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559הֲזֶה֙¿ [is] thishazehH2088אֲחִיכֶ֣םbrother yourʾachikhemH251הַקָּטֹ֔ן<the> younghakatonH6996אֲשֶׁ֥רwhomʾasherH834אֲמַרְתֶּ֖םyou spokeʾamartemH559אֵלָ֑יto meʾelaiH413וַיֹּאמַ֕רand he saidvaiyomarH559אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodʾelohimH430יָחְנְךָ֖may he show favor to youyachenekhaH2603בְּנִֽי׃O son mybeniH1121
43:30
וַיְמַהֵ֣רand he hurriedvaymaherH4116יוֹסֵ֗ףJosephyosefH3130כִּֽי־forki-H3588נִכְמְר֤וּthey grew warmnikhmeruH3648רַחֲמָיו֙compassion<s> hisrachamavH7356אֶל־toʾel-H413אָחִ֔יוbrother hisʾachivH251וַיְבַקֵּ֖שׁand he soughtvayvakeshH1245לִבְכּ֑וֹתto weeplivkotH1058וַיָּבֹ֥אand he wentvaiyavo'H935הַחַ֖דְרָהthe inner room towardshachadrahH2315וַיֵּ֥בְךְּand he weptvaiyevekH1058שָֽׁמָּה׃there <towards>shamahH8033
43:31
וַיִּרְחַ֥ץand he washedvaiyirchatzH7364פָּנָ֖יוface hispanavH6440וַיֵּצֵ֑אand he came outvaiyetze'H3318וַיִּ֨תְאַפַּ֔קand he restrained himselfvaiyitapakH662וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidvaiyomerH559שִׂ֥ימוּsetsimuH7760לָֽחֶם׃foodlachemH3899
43:32
וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּand they setvaiyasimuH7760ל֛וֹfor <the> himloלְבַדּ֖וֹto only himlevadoH905וְלָהֶ֣םand to <the> themvelahemלְבַדָּ֑םto alone themlevadamH905וְלַמִּצְרִ֞יםand for the EgyptiansvelamitzrimH4713הָאֹכְלִ֤יםwho were eatinghaokhelimH398אִתּוֹ֙with himʾitoH854לְבַדָּ֔םto alone themlevadamH905כִּי֩forkiH3588לֹ֨אnotlo'H3808יוּכְל֜וּןthey were able !yukhelunH3201הַמִּצְרִ֗יםthe EgyptianshamitzrimH4713לֶאֱכֹ֤לto eatleekholH398אֶת־withʾet-H854הָֽעִבְרִים֙the HebrewshaivrimH5680לֶ֔חֶםfoodlechemH3899כִּי־forki-H3588תוֹעֵבָ֥ה[is] an abominationtoevahH8441הִ֖ואithi'H1931לְמִצְרָֽיִם׃to EgyptlemitzrayimH4713
43:33
וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּand they sat downvaiyeshevuH3427לְפָנָ֔יו<to> before himlefanavH6440הַבְּכֹר֙the firstbornhabekhorH1060כִּבְכֹ֣רָת֔וֹaccording to birthright hiskivkhoratoH1062וְהַצָּעִ֖ירand the young [brother]vehatzairH6810כִּצְעִרָת֑וֹaccording to youth hiskitziratoH6812וַיִּתְמְה֥וּand they looked in astonishmentvaiyitmehuH8539הָאֲנָשִׁ֖יםthe menhaanashimH582אִ֥ישׁeachʾishH376אֶל־toʾel-H413רֵעֵֽהוּ׃neighbor hisreehuH7453
43:34
וַיִּשָּׂ֨אand someone tookvaiyisa'H5375מַשְׂאֹ֜תportionsmasotH4864מֵאֵ֣תfrom withmeetH854פָּנָיו֮face hispanavH6440אֲלֵהֶם֒to themʾalehemH413וַתֵּ֜רֶבand it was greatvaterevH7235מַשְׂאַ֧ת[the] portion ofmasatH4864בִּנְיָמִ֛ןBenjaminbinyaminH1144מִמַּשְׂאֹ֥תmore than [the] portions ofmimasotH4864כֻּלָּ֖םall of themkulamH3605חָמֵ֣שׁfivechameshH2568יָד֑וֹתhandsyadotH3027וַיִּשְׁתּ֥וּand they drankvaiyishtuH8354וַֽיִּשְׁכְּר֖וּand they became drunkvaiyishkeruH7937עִמּֽוֹ׃with himimoH5973

Hebrew words in this chapter

The 40 most used Hebrew words of the chapter, counted by lemma. The article, the object marker, the negatives and the common prepositions are left out.

WordSense hereUsesStrong’s
אָמַרʼâmarto say23H559
בּוֹאbôwʼthey had brought13H935
אִישׁʼîyshman13H376
אָחʼâchbrother11H251
יוֹסֵףYôwçêphJoseph10H3130
כֶּסֶףkeçephsilver9H3701
בַּיִתbayithhousehold his9H1004
יָרַדyâradto go down8H3381
יָדyâdhand8H3027
אָבʼâbfather7H1
שׁוּבshûwbto return7H7725
אֱנוֹשׁʼĕnôwshthe men7H582
לָקַחlâqachto take6H3947
אַמְתַּחַתʼamtachathsack6H572
אָכַלʼâkalto eat5H398
בִּנְיָמִיןBinyâmîynBenjamin5H1144
שָׁבַרshâbarto buy grain4H7666
אֹכֶלʼôkelfood4H400
רָאָהrâʼâhto see4H7200
פָּנִיםpânîymface4H6440
WordSense hereUsesStrong’s
שָׁלַחshâlachto send4H7971
עוֹדʻôwdstill4H5750
מִנְחָהminchâha gift4H4503
נָתַןnâthanto give4H5414
שָׁלוֹםshâlôwmpeace4H7965
אֶרֶץʼeretsland3H776
מְעַטmᵉʻaṭlittle3H4592
יִשְׂרָאֵלYisrâʼêlIsrael3H3478
שָׁאַלshâʼalto ask3H7592
חַיchayalive3H2416
פֶּהpehmouth of3H6310
יָדַעyâdaʻto know3H3045
קוּםqûwmso let us arise3H6965
שׂוּםsûwmto set3H7760
אֱלֹהִיםʼĕlôhîymGod3H430
לֶחֶםlechemfood3H3899
בַּדbadalone3H905
מִצְרִיMitsrîyEgyptian3H4713
מַשְׂאֵתmasʼêthportions3H4864
מִצְרַיִםMitsrayimEgypt2H4714

Keep studying

Sources for this chapter

The Hebrew text

STEP Bible, the tagged Hebrew text and its English glosses and James Strong, Strong's Exhaustive Concordance.

In Jewish life

Rashi, Rashi on Genesis 43:2:1, 43:3:1, 43:7:1, 43:8:1, 43:9:1, 43:10:1, 43:11:1, 43:12:1, 43:14:1, 43:15:1, 43:16:1, 43:18:1, 43:20:1, 43:23:1, 43:24:1, 43:25:1, 43:26:1, 43:28:1 and 43:29:1, the Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A. M. Silbermann, 1929 to 1934, public domain; Radak, Radak on Genesis 43:1:1 and 43:19:1, translated by Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash, CC-BY; Sforno, Sforno on Genesis 43:13:1 and 43:21:1, translated by Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash, CC-BY; Ibn Ezra, Ibn Ezra on Genesis 43:27:1, cited only, no English version in the corpus under a licence permitting quotation; Midrash, Midrash Sekhel Tov, Bereshit 43:2:1, 43:3:1, 43:4:1, 43:5:1, 43:6:1, 43:6:2, 43:17:1, 43:21:1 and 43:22:1; Bereshit Rabbah 40:6, 74:12, 91:10, 92:4 and 93:2; Bereshit Rabbati, Parashat Miketz 21, 22, 47 and 50 and Parashat Vayechi 6; Midrash Aggadah, Genesis 43:7:1, 43:12:1, 43:19:1, 43:20:1 and 43:27:1; Midrash Lekach Tov, Genesis 43:4:1, 43:5:1, 43:23:1, 43:30:1 and 41:1:1; Bamidbar Rabbah 13:3, 14:2 and 14:8; Aggadat Bereshit 19:3, 73:1, 76:1 and 79:6; Kohelet Rabbah 9:11:1; Genesis Rabbah 91:11 and Midrash Tanchuma, Miketz 8, as Rashi cites them; Babylonian Talmud, Bava Batra 15a:12; Yoma 69b as Rashi cites it and Jerusalem Talmud, Jerusalem Talmud Berakhot 1:1:16, Jerusalem Talmud Shabbat 9:3:4.

The rabbinic texts

Ramban, Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976; Ibn Ezra, Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch, tran. and annot. by H. Norman Strickman and Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub., 1988-2004; Radak, Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash; Targum, Metsudah Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009 [with Onkelos translation] and Sefaria, texts and citation data.

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