Luke 2:42
in Luke 2And when He was twelve years old, they went up according to the custom of the Feast.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And when he was twelve years old, they went up after the custom of the feast;
KJV
And when he was twelve years old, they went up to Jerusalem after the custom of the feast.
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This verse in Luke 2
Commentary
15 notes on this verseA commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
Twelve years old - All males among the Hebrews were required to appear three times a year before God, to attend on the ordinances of religion in the temple, and it is probable that this was the age at which they first went up to Jerusalem, Exo 23:14-17; Deu 16:16. To Jerusalem - Where the feasts of the Jews were all held. This was a journey from Nazareth of about 70 miles. After the custom of the feast - According to the usual manner of the feast.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
In the twelfth year, as we read, the beginning of the Lord's discussion is taken; for here the number of evangelizers who were to preach the faith was owed.
(cont. Hær. l. ii. hær. 31.) Let Ebion know that at twelve years old, not thirty, Christ is found the astonishment of all men, wonderful and mighty in the words of grace. We can not therefore say, that after that the Spirit came to Him in Baptism He was made the Christ, that is, anointed with divinity, but from His very childhood He acknowledged both the temple and His Father.
A commentator
Cyril of AlexandriaCommentary on the Gospel of Luke, Sermon V · Written before 444.
proposed
After the Evangelist had said, that Jesus advanced in wisdom and grace with God and men, he next shows that what he says is true: for he carries Him to Jerusalem in company with the holy Virgin, upon the summons of the feast: and then he says that He remained behind, and was afterwards found in the temple sitting in the midst of the doctors both asking and answering questions regarding those things, as we may feel sure, which were spoken of old by the law: and that He was wondered at by all for His questions and answers. Thou seest Him advancing in wisdom and grace, by reason of His becoming known unto many as being what He was.
The Evangelist having said before that the Child grew and waxed strong, verifies his own words when he relates, that Jesus with the holy Virgin went up to Jerusalem; as it is said, And when he was twelve years old, &c.
Or the twelfth year was the commencement of our Lord's disputation with the doctors, for this was the number of the Evangelists necessary to preach the faith.
9 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church4 voices
But as regards his own impulse, the boy Jesus also devoted himself to divine worship: concerning which it is added: And when he was twelve years old; in which it is shown that the boy Jesus devoted himself to divine worship without his parents' company, …
(Geometer) His indication of wisdom did not exceed the measure of His age, but at the time that with us the powers of discernment are generally perfected, the wisdom of Christ shows itself.
And when he was twelve years old, as they went up to Jerusalem according to the custom of the feast day, and having completed the days as they returned, the boy Jesus remained in Jerusalem. The one who, from birth, indeed from human conception, was …
We may also say, that as by the seventh number, so also by the twelfth, (which consists of the parts of seven multiplied alternately by one another,) the universality and perfection of either things or times is signified, and therefore rightly from the number twelve, the glory of Christ takes its beginning, being that by which all places and times are to be filled. (in Hom. post Epiph.) Now that the Lord came up every year to Jerusalem at the Passover, betokens His humility as a man, for it is man's duty to meet together to offer sacrifices to God, and conciliate Him with prayers. Accordingly the Lord as man, did among men what God by angels commanded men to do. Hence it is said, According to the custom of the feast day. (Gal. 3:14, Judges 6:20; 13:16.) Let us follow then the journey of His mortal life, if we delight to behold the glory of His divine nature.
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
He was born in the days of Augustus Cæsar, when the Roman empire extended itself further than ever before or since, including Parthia one way, and Britain another way; so that it was then called Terraram orbis imperium--The empire of the whole earth; and here that empire is called all the world (
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
And when he was twelve years old,....
The Nineteenth Century3 voices
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
These verses should always be deeply interesting to a reader of the Bible. They record the only facts which we know about our Lord Jesus Christ during the first thirty years of His life on earth, after His infancy. How many things a Christian would like to know about the events of those thirty years, and the daily history of the house at Nazareth! But we need not doubt that there is wisdom in the silence of Scripture on the subject. If it had been good for us to know more — then more would have been revealed.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
Of His feelings or actions during all the eight days of the feast not a word is said. As a devout child, in company with its parents, He would go through the services, keeping His thoughts to Himself. But methinks I hear Him, after the sublime services of that feast, saying to Himself, "He brought me to the banqueting house, and his banner over me was love.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — odd-straight-quotes
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
These verses should always be deeply interesting to a reader of the Bible. They record the only facts which we know about our Lord Jesus Christ during the first thirty years of His life on earth, after His infancy. How many things a Christian would like to know about the events of those thirty years, and the daily history of the house at Nazareth! But we need not doubt that there is wisdom in the silence of Scripture on the subject. If it had been good for us to know more — then more would have been revealed. Let us first, draw from the passage — a lesson for all married people. We have it in the conduct of Joseph and Mary, here described. We are told that "they went to Jerusalem every year, at the feast of the Passover." They regularly honored God's appointed ordinances — and they honored them together. The distance from Nazareth to Jerusalem was great. The journey, to poor people without any means of conveyance — was, doubtless, troublesome and fatiguing. To leave house and home for some two weeks, was no slight expense. But God had given Israel a command, and Joseph and Mary strictly obeyed it. God had appointed an ordinance for their spiritual good — and they regularly kept it. And all that they did concerning the Passover — they did together. When they went up to the feast, they always went up side by side. So ought it to be with all Christian husbands and wives. They ought to help one another in spiritual things, and to encourage one another in the service of God. Marriage, unquestionably, is not a sacrament , as the Romish Church vainly asserts. But marriage is a state of life which has the greatest effect on the souls of those who enter into it. It helps them upwards or downwards. It leads them nearer to Heaven — or nearer to Hell. We all depend much on the company we keep.
How the passage was read
On Luke 2:41-52On Luke 2:41-52
Why a boy from Galilee was in Jerusalem
The Law asked every Israelite male to appear in Jerusalem three times a year, Passover chief among them (Deuteronomy 16:16). Galilean families like Joseph's traveled in large caravans of relatives and neighbors: several days on the road each way. That is why Jesus' parents could travel a full day assuming He was “in the company”: a caravan was a moving village. The Mishnah's tractate on the festival visit opens with exactly who was obligated to make this trip (Chagigah 1:1): men were bound, women and children came freely, and Mary came.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Sources: Deuteronomy 16:16 (the pilgrimage command) · Mishnah Chagigah 1:1 (who must appear)
The words behind it
12 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Καὶ | kai | And | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ὅτε | hote | when | G3753 → | 103 times |
| ἐγένετο | egeneto | He was | G1096 → | 667 times |
| ἐτῶν | eton | years [old] | G2094 → | 48 times |
| δώδεκα | dodeka | twelve | G1427 → | 75 times |
| ἀναβαινόντων | anabainonton | when were going up | G305 → | 82 times |
| αὐτῶν | auton | they | G846 → | 5565 times |
| κατὰ | kata | according to | G2596 → | 468 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἔθος | ethos | custom | G1485 → | 12 times |
| τῆς | tes | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἑορτῆς | he'ortes | Feast | G1859 → | 25 times |
ΚαὶAnd
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ὅτεwhen
hoteG3753 →103 times
ἐγένετοHe was
egenetoG1096 →667 times
ἐτῶνyears [old]
etonG2094 →48 times
δώδεκαtwelve
dodekaG1427 →75 times
ἀναβαινόντωνwhen were going up
anabainontonG305 →82 times
αὐτῶνthey
autonG846 →5565 times
κατὰaccording to
kataG2596 →468 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
ἔθοςcustom
ethosG1485 →12 times
τῆςof the
tesG3588 →19766 times
ἑορτῆςFeast
he'ortesG1859 →25 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies12
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About Luke

This page draws on 14 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, EXPOSITION OF THE GOSPEL OF LUKE 2.63; Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Ancient Greek Expositor, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bede, On the Gospel of Luke; Bede, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 2; Cyril of Alexandria, Commentary on the Gospel of Luke, Sermon V; Cyril of Alexandria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Epiphanius of Salamis, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
