Genesis 1:12
in Genesis 1The earth produced vegetation: seed-bearing plants according to their kinds and trees bearing fruit with seed according to their kinds. And God saw that it was good.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And the earth brought forth grass, herbs yielding seed after their kind, and trees bearing fruit, wherein is the seed thereof, after their kind: and God saw that it was good.
KJV
And the earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after his kind: and God saw that it was good.
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This verse in Genesis 1
Commentary
16 notes on this verseThe adornment of the earth is older than the sun, that those who have been misled may cease worshiping the sun as the origin of life.
This site's exposition
according to its kind
on Genesis 1:11-13
The phrase runs through the chapter ten times, and it says that what God made reproduces along its own line. The seed-bearing plants and the fruit trees come on the third day, brought forth by the earth at God's word. The seed is in the fruit.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
When I hear "grass," I think of grass, and in the same manner I understand everything as it is said: a plant, a fish, a wild animal and an ox. Indeed, "I am not ashamed of the gospel." … (Some) have attempted by false arguments and allegorical interpretations to bestow on the Scripture a dignity of their own imagining. But theirs is the attitude of one who considers himself wiser than the revelations of the Spirit and introduces his own ideas in pretense of an explanation. Therefore, let it be understood as it has been written.
And to such a degree has the Holy Ghost made this the rule of His Scripture, that whenever anything is made out of anything, He mentions both the thing that is made and the thing of which it is made. "Let the earth," says He, "bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit-tree yielding fruit after its kind, whose seed is in itself, after its kind. And it was so. And the earth brought forth grass, and herb yielding seed after its kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in itself, after its kind." ... If the Holy Ghost took upon Himself so great a concern for our instruction, that we might know from what everything was produced, would He not in like manner have kept us well informed about both the heaven and the earth, by indicating to us what it was that He made them of, if their original consisted of any material substance?
For, whereas we learn from Scripture in the account of the first Creation, that first the earth brought forth "the green herb" (as the narrative says), and that then from this plant seed was yielded, from which, when it was shed on the ground, the same form of the original plant again sprang up, the Apostle, it is to be observed, declares that this very same thing happens in the Resurrection also; and so we learn from him the fact, not only that our humanity will be then changed into something nobler, but also that what we have therein to expect is nothing else than that which was at the beginning. In the beginning, we see, it was not an ear rising from a grain, but a grain coming from an ear, and, after that, the ear grows round the grain: and so the order indicated in this similitude clearly shows that all that blessed state, which arises for us by means of the Resurrection is only a return to our pristine state of grace.
Although the grasses were only a moment old at their creation, they appeared as if they were months old. Likewise, the trees, although only a day old when they sprouted forth, were nevertheless like trees years old as they were fully grown and fruits were …
Hence Scripture shows you everything completed before the creation of this body [the sun] lest you attribute the production of the crops to it instead of to the Creator of all things.
9 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers3 voices
He created the sun on the fourth day lest you think it is the cause of the day.
Let everyone be informed that the sun is not the author of vegetation.… How can the sun give the faculty of life to growing plants when these have already been brought forth by the life-giving creative power of God before the sun entered into such a life as this? The sun is younger than the green shoot, younger than the green plant.
A commentator
Augustine of HippoTWO BOOKS ON GENESIS AGAINST THE MANICHAEANS 1.13.19 · Written in the 5th century.
proposed
The Manichaeans are accustomed to say, "If God commanded that the edible plants and the fruit trees come forth from the earth, who commanded that there come forth so many thorny or poisonous plants that are useless for food and so many trees that bear no fruit?" … We should say then that the earth was cursed by reason of the sin of man so that it bears thorns, not that it should suffer punishment since it is without sensation but that it should always set before the eyes of man the judgment upon human sin. Thus men might be admonished by it to turn away from sins and to turn to God's commandments. Poisonous plants were created as a punishment or as a trial for mortals. All this is the result of sin.
The Medieval Church3 voices
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 14 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
Likewise, this vegetation is lovely. Wherefore Genesis continues: "Each one according to its kind." Even exterior roughness that gives nature a reputation of malformation is yet what makes it most beautiful. Hence the bride says: "I am as dark — but lovely."
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 15 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
There follows a reference to seeds and fruits. "The earth brought forth vegetation, every kind of seed-bearing plant." As in the gathering of the waters, there was a symbol of the many forms of intelligent beings, and in the germination of the earth, a symbol …
A commentator
BonaventureCollations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 16 · Written in the 13th century.
proposed
"The earth brought forth vegetation, every kind of seed-bearing plant and all kinds of trees that bear fruit containing their seed," etc. Concerning this vision of the intelligence taught by Scripture, we have said of the spiritual interpretation that it was understood by means of …
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
That not only the earth is the Lord's, but the fulness thereof, and he is the rightful owner and sovereign disposer, not only of it, but of all its furniture.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
And the earth brought forth grass,....
The Nineteenth Century1 voice
Whose seed was in itself - Which has the power of multiplying itself by seeds, slips, roots, etc., ad infinitum; which contains in itself all the rudiments of the future plant through its endless generations. This doctrine has been abundantly confirmed by the most accurate observations of the best modern philosophers. The astonishing power with which God has endued the vegetable creation to multiply its different species, may be instanced in the seed of the elm.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
This affirms the existence of the various kinds forever. There was no special day assigned for this command for vegetation alone, since it is not a unique work. The earth, whether it brings forth anything or is salt land, is one.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 7 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
18 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַתּוֹצֵ֨א | vatotze' | and <it> brought forth | H3318 → | 1067 times |
| הָאָ֜רֶץ | haaretz | the earth | H776 → | 2504 times |
| דֶּ֠שֶׁא | deshe' | vegetation | H1877 → | |
| עֵ֣שֶׂב | ʾesev | plant[s] | H6212 → | 33 times |
| מַזְרִ֤יעַ | mazria' | [which] bears seed | H2232 → | 56 times |
| זֶ֙רַע֙ | zera' | seed | H2233 → | 229 times |
| לְמִינֵ֔הוּ | leminehu | to kind its | H4327 → | 31 times |
| וְעֵ֧ץ | veetz | and tree[s] | H6086 → | 328 times |
| עֹֽשֶׂה־ | ʾoseh- | producing | H6213 → | 2628 times |
| פְּרִ֛י | peri | fruit | H6529 → | 119 times |
| אֲשֶׁ֥ר | ʾasher | which | H834 → | 5497 times |
| זַרְעוֹ־ | zarov- | seed its | H2233 → | 229 times |
| ב֖וֹ | vo | [was] in <the> it | ||
| לְמִינֵ֑הוּ | leminehu | to kind its | H4327 → | 31 times |
| וַיַּ֥רְא | vaiyar' | and he saw | H7200 → | 1300 times |
| אֱלֹהִ֖ים | ʾelohim | God | H430 → | 2601 times |
| כִּי־ | ki- | that | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| טֽוֹב׃ | tov | [it was] good | H2895 → | 45 times |
וַתּוֹצֵ֨אand <it> brought forth
vatotze'H3318 →1067 times
הָאָ֜רֶץthe earth
haaretzH776 →2504 times
דֶּ֠שֶׁאvegetation
deshe'H1877 →
עֵ֣שֶׂבplant[s]
ʾesevH6212 →33 times
מַזְרִ֤יעַ[which] bears seed
mazria'H2232 →56 times
זֶ֙רַע֙seed
zera'H2233 →229 times
לְמִינֵ֔הוּto kind its
leminehuH4327 →31 times
וְעֵ֧ץand tree[s]
veetzH6086 →328 times
עֹֽשֶׂה־producing
ʾoseh-H6213 →2628 times
פְּרִ֛יfruit
periH6529 →119 times
אֲשֶׁ֥רwhich
ʾasherH834 →5497 times
זַרְעוֹ־seed its
zarov-H2233 →229 times
ב֖וֹ[was] in <the> it
vo
לְמִינֵ֑הוּto kind its
leminehuH4327 →31 times
וַיַּ֥רְאand he saw
vaiyar'H7200 →1300 times
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGod
ʾelohimH430 →2601 times
כִּי־that
ki-H3588 →4482 times
טֽוֹב׃[it was] good
tovH2895 →45 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Galatians 6:7Do not be deceived: God is not to be mocked. Whatever a man sows, he will reap in return.
it leads to
- 2 Corinthians 9:6
Remember this: Whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows generously will also reap generously.
- Hosea 10:12
Sow for yourselves righteousness and reap the fruit of loving devotion; break up your unplowed ground. For it is time to seek the LORD until He comes and sends righteousness upon you like rain.
- Job 4:8
As I have observed, those who plow iniquity and those who sow trouble reap the same.
- Romans 2:6–10
God “will repay each one according to his deeds.”
- 1 Corinthians 15:33
Do not be deceived: “Bad company corrupts good character.”
- 2 Corinthians 9:6
Through
Luke 6:44For each tree is known by its own fruit. Indeed, figs are not gathered from thornbushes, nor grapes from brambles.
it leads to
- Matthew 12:33
Make a tree good and its fruit will be good, or make a tree bad and its fruit will be bad; for a tree is known by its fruit.
- James 3:12
My brothers, can a fig tree grow olives, or a grapevine bear figs? Neither can a salt spring produce fresh water.
- Matthew 12:33
Through
Mark 4:28All by itself the earth produces a crop—first the stalk, then the head, then grain that ripens within.
it leads to
- Philippians 1:9–11
And this is my prayer: that your love may abound more and more in knowledge and depth of insight,
- Philippians 1:9–11
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies20
On this chapter
- The Mathematical Order of the Bible, the worked proofs
- The Covenants
- The Edenic Covenant
- Eve: The Mother of All Living
- Gematria and Its Limits
- Heaven
- How to Study the Bible
- Mazzaroth
- Names of God
- Light
- The Sevens of Scripture
- The Shema: Hear, O Israel: Deuteronomy 6:4-5
- The Spirit in the Old Testament
- Thirty-Seven and Seventy-Three
- Trees: Eden, Cross, New Jerusalem
- Water
About Genesis

This page draws on 16 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, The Six Days of Creation; Augustine of Hippo, TWO BOOKS ON GENESIS AGAINST THE MANICHAEANS 1.13.19; Basil of Caesarea, HEXAEMERON 5.1; Basil of Caesarea, HEXAEMERON 9.1; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 14; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 15; Bonaventure, Collations on the Hexaemeron, Collation 16; Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 1.22.1-2; Gregory of Nyssa, On the Soul and the Resurrection; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 6.12; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 6.14; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Tertullian, Against Hermogenes.
