Luke 12:52
in Luke 12From now on, five in one household will be divided, three against two and two against three.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
for there shall be from henceforth five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three.
KJV
For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three.
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This verse in Luke 12
Commentary
13 notes on this verseThough the connection would seem to be of six persons, father and son, mother and daughter, mother in law and daughter in law, yet are they five, for the mother and the mother in law may be taken as the same, since she who is the mother of the son, is the mother in law of his wife. Now in a mystical sense the one house is one man, but by two we often mean the soul and the body. But if two things meet together, each one has its part; there is one which obeys, another which rules.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
A commentator
Ambrose of MilanExposition of the Gospel of Luke, 7.134-136 · Written before 397.
proposed
Although in nearly all Evangelical places the spiritual intellect operates; nevertheless, for the present time, the series of senses must be moderated so as not to offend anyone with the harshness of naked exposition, especially since the sacred religion invites even the exiles of faith to reverence with moral disciplines and gentle examples of piety, kindly dissolving the hard superstitions with the meekness of its preceding discipline of faith, and compelling minds that are subject to errors to believe in faith, which it could soothe with piety.
What sayest thou, O Lord? Didst thou not come to give peace, Who art made peace for us? (Eph. 2:14.) making peace by Thy cross with things in earth and things in heaven; (Col. 1:20.) Who saidst, My peace I give unto you. (John 14:27.) But it is plain that peace is indeed a good, but sometimes hurtful, and separating us from the love of God, that is, when by it we unite with those who keep away from God. And for this reason we teach the faithful to avoid earthly bonds. Hence it follows, For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided, three against two, &c.
A commentator
Ambrose of MilanExposition of the Gospel of Luke, 7.136-138 · Written before 397.
proposed
Therefore, even according to the literal meaning, the religious explanation is not lacking for those who understand it piously; however, there is a deeper meaning which we should consider because He added: There will be five divided into one group in the house, three into two, and two into three. For who are the five, when it appears that there is subjection of six persons, of father and son, mother and daughter, mother-in-law and daughter-in-law? Although the same mother that can be called mother-in-law, since she is the mother of the son, is the mother-in-law of his wife; so that according to the letter of the number, the reason may not be absurd, and it may clearly be shown that the bond of faith is not connected to nature, in which they are obligated by the duty of piety, yet they are free by faith. It does not seem inappropriate either if we give the same meaning through a mystical interpretation. One house, one man. For each house is either of God or of the devil. Therefore, a spiritual house is a spiritual man, as we have in the Epistle of Peter: And you are being built up as living stones, a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood. In this house, two are divided into three, and three into two.
The Medieval Church2 voices
And for this reason He adds: For from this time there shall be five in one house divided, that is, separated from carnal affection; and according to that passage in the penultimate chapter of Deuteronomy: "Who said to his father and to his mother: I …
For from now on, in one house, there will be five divided, three against two, and two against three. They will be divided, father against son, and son against father, mother against daughter, and daughter against mother, mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law, and daughter-in-law against her …
7 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church2 voices
How did He say that "five in one house will be divided," yet in the enumeration mentioned "six" persons? We answer: one person is counted twice, namely: the daughter and the daughter-in-law are the same person. In relation to the mother she is called a …
Or in another way. By three are signified those who have faith in the Trinity, by two the unbelievers who depart from the unity of the faith.
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
For from henceforth there shall be five in one house,....
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
The sayings of the Lord Jesus in these five verses are particularly weighty and suggestive. They unfold truths which every true Christian would do well to mark and digest. They explain things in the Church, and in the world—which at first sight, are hard to be understood. We learn for one thing from these verses—how thoroughly the heart of Christ was set on finishing the work which He came into the world to do. He says, "I have a baptism to undergo"—a baptism of suffering, of wounds, of agony, of blood, and of death!
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
To cause this element of life to take up its abode on earth, and wholly to pervade human hearts with its warmth, was the lofty destiny of the Redeemer" [OLSHAUSEN: so CALVIN, STIER, ALFORD, &c.]. what will I, &c.--an obscure expression, uttered under deep and half-smothered emotion.
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — odd-straight-quotes
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
The sayings of the Lord Jesus in these five verses are particularly weighty and suggestive. They unfold truths which every true Christian would do well to mark and digest. They explain things in the Church, and in the world—which at first sight, are hard to be understood. We learn for one thing from these verses—how thoroughly the heart of Christ was set on finishing the work which He came into the world to do. He says, "I have a baptism to undergo"—a baptism of suffering, of wounds, of agony, of blood, and of death! Yet none of these things moved Him. He adds, "How distressed I am—until this baptism is accomplished!" The prospect of coming trouble, did not deter Him for a moment. He was ready and willing to endure all things—in order to provide eternal redemption for His people. Zeal for the cause He had taken in hand—was like a burning fire within Him. To advance His Father's glory, to open the door of life to a lost world, to provide a fountain for all sin and impurity by the sacrifice of Himself—were continually the uppermost thoughts of His mind. He was distressed in spirit—until this mighty work was finished. Forever let us bear in mind that all Christ's sufferings on our behalf—were endured willingly, voluntarily, and of His own free choice. They were not submitted to patiently—merely because He could not avoid them. They were not borne without a murmur—merely because He could not escape them. He lived a humble life for thirty-three years—simply because He loved to do so. He died an agonizing death—with a willing and a ready mind. Both in life and death, He was carrying out the eternal counsel—whereby God was to be glorified and sinners were to be saved. He carried it out with all His heart—as mighty as the struggle was, which it entailed upon His flesh and blood. He delighted to do God's will.
Five in one house divided - See on Mat 10:35, Mat 10:36 (note).
The words behind it
17 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ἔσονται | esontai | There will be | G1510 → | 2333 times |
| γὰρ | gar | for | G1063 → | 1039 times |
| ἀπὸ | apo | from | G575 → | 640 times |
| τοῦ | tou | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| νῦν | nun | now | G3568 → | 145 times |
| πέντε | pente | five | G4002 → | 38 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| ἑνὶ | heni | one | G1520 → | 343 times |
| οἴκῳ | oiko | house | G3624 → | 112 times |
| διαμεμερισμένοι, | diamemerismenoi | divided, | G1266 → | 11 times |
| τρεῖς | treis | three | G5140 → | 69 times |
| ἐπὶ | epi | against | G1909 → | 883 times |
| δυσὶν | dusin | two | G1417 → | 133 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| δύο | duo | two | G1417 → | 133 times |
| ἐπὶ | epi | against | G1909 → | 883 times |
| τρισὶν | trisin | three | G5140 → | 69 times |
ἔσονταιThere will be
esontaiG1510 →2333 times
γὰρfor
garG1063 →1039 times
ἀπὸfrom
apoG575 →640 times
τοῦ<the>
touG3588 →19766 times
νῦνnow
nunG3568 →145 times
πέντεfive
penteG4002 →38 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
ἑνὶone
heniG1520 →343 times
οἴκῳhouse
oikoG3624 →112 times
διαμεμερισμένοι,divided,
diamemerismenoiG1266 →11 times
τρεῖςthree
treisG5140 →69 times
ἐπὶagainst
epiG1909 →883 times
δυσὶνtwo
dusinG1417 →133 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
δύοtwo
duoG1417 →133 times
ἐπὶagainst
epiG1909 →883 times
τρισὶνthree
trisinG5140 →69 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
John 16:2They will put you out of the synagogues. In fact, a time is coming when anyone who kills you will think he is offering a service to God.
it leads to
- John 9:22
His parents said this because they were afraid of the Jews. For the Jews had already determined that anyone who confessed Jesus as the Christ would be put out of the synagogue.
- Acts 26:9–11
So then, I too was convinced that I ought to do all I could to oppose the name of Jesus of Nazareth.
- Romans 10:2–3
For I testify about them that they are zealous for God, but not on the basis of knowledge.
- Matthew 10:28
Do not be afraid of those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Instead, fear the One who can destroy both soul and body in hell.
- Acts 22:3–4
“I am a Jew, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but raised in this city. I was educated at the feet of Gamaliel in strict conformity to the law of our fathers. I am just…
- John 9:22
Through
John 9:16Because of this, some of the Pharisees said, “This man is not from God, for He does not keep the Sabbath.” But others said, “How can a sinful man perform such signs?” And there…
it leads to
- John 7:43
So there was division in the crowd because of Jesus.
- John 10:19
Again there was division among the Jews because of Jesus’ message.
- John 3:2
He came to Jesus at night and said, “Rabbi, we know that You are a teacher who has come from God. For no one could perform the signs You are doing if God were…
- John 7:43
Where this verse is studied
About Luke

This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Ambrose of Milan, Exposition of the Gospel of Luke, 7.134-136; Ambrose of Milan, Exposition of the Gospel of Luke, 7.136-138; Bede, On the Gospel of Luke; Bede, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 12; Cyril of Alexandria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748) and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke.
