Matthew 16:21
in Matthew 16From that time on Jesus began to show His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and that He must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
From that time began Jesus to show unto his disciples, that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and the third day be raised up.
KJV
From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.
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This verse in Matthew 16
Commentary
14 notes on this verseWhen then above He sends His disciples to preach, and commands them to proclaim His advent, this seems contrary to His command here, that they should not say that He is Jesus the Christ. To me it seems that it is one thing to preach Christ, and another to preach Jesus the Christ. Christ is a common title of dignity, Jesus the proper name of the Saviour.
This site's exposition
began Jesus to shew unto his disciples
From that time forth marks a hinge in the Gospel, the first of three plain predictions of the passion, and the word must, dei in the Greek, states the suffering, death and resurrection as necessity rather than misfortune. Jerusalem, the elders, chief priests and scribes, killed, and raised again the third day, sets out the whole shape of the passion narrative before it happens, and the third day answers back to the sign of Jonas given in 12:40. Barnes notes this is the first time the disciples hear the cross named directly rather than hinted at through parable or riddle.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
(Verse 21) Then Jesus began to show his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders, chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and on the third day be raised. And the meaning is: Proclaim me then, when I have suffered these things, because it is not profitable to publicly proclaim Christ and make known his majesty to the people, who after a little while will see him whipped and crucified, and suffer many things from the elders, chief priests, and scribes.
A commentator
John ChrysostomHomily on the Gospel of Matthew 54 · Written in the 5th century.
proposed
"From that time forth began He to show unto them that He must suffer. From that time." What time? When He had fixed the doctrine in them; when He had brought in the beginning of the Gentiles. But not even so did they understand what He said. "For the saying," it is said, "was hid from them;" and they were as in a kind of perplexity, not knowing that He must rise again. Therefore He rather dwells on the difficulties, and enlarges His discourse, that He may open their mind, and they may understand what it can be that He speaks of. "But they understood not, but the saying was hid from them, and they feared to ask this;" not whether He should die, but how, and in what manner, and what this mystery could be. For they did not even know what was this same rising again, and supposed it much better not to die.
For what having once had root has afterwards been torn up, if it is again planted, is with difficulty retained among the multitude; but what having been once rooted has continued ever after unmoved, is easily brought on to a further growth. He therefore dwells on these sorrowful things, and repeats His discourse upon them, that He may open the minds of His disciples.
And observe that it is not said,' He began to say,' or 'to teach,' but to show; for as things are said to be shown to the sense, so the things which Christ spake are said to be shown by Him. Nor indeed do I think, that to those who saw Him suffering many things in the flesh, were those things which they saw so shown as this representation in words showed to the disciples the mystery of the passion and resurrection of Christ. At that time, indeed, He only began to show them, and afterwards when they were more able to receive it, He showed them more fully; for all that Jesus began to do, that He accomplished. He must needs go to Jerusalem, to be put to death indeed in the Jerusalem which is below, but to rise again and reign in the heavenly Jerusalem. But when Christ rose again, and others were risen with Him, they no longer sought the Jerusalem which is beneath, or the house of prayer in it, but that which is above. He suffers many things from the elders of the earthly Jerusalem, that He may be glorified by those heavenly elders who receive His mercies. He rose again from the dead on the third day, that He may deliver from the evil one, and purchase for such as are so delivered this gift, that they be baptized in spirit, soul, and body, in the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit, who are three days perpetually present to those that through them have been made children of light.
The Medieval Church1 voice
From that time forth began Jesus to show unto His disciples how that He must go unto Jerusalem and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day. To them He foretells the …
7 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
From that time Jesus began to tell his disciples, that he must suffer many things - Perhaps this expression, began, always implied his entering on a set and solemn discourse. Hitherto he had mainly taught them only one point, That he was the Christ. From this time he taught them another, That Christ must through sufferings and death enter into his glory.
From that time forth began Jesus to show unto his disciples,....
The Nineteenth Century5 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
See also Mar 7:31-33; Luk 9:22. “From that time forth.” This was the first intimation that he gave that he was to die in this cruel manner. He had taken much pains to convince them that he was the Messiah; he saw by the confession of Peter that they were convinced, and he then began to prepare their minds for the awful event which was before him. Had he declared this when he first called them they would never have followed him. Their minds Were not prepared for it. They expected a temporal, triumphant prince as the Messiah.
In the beginning of these verses we find our Lord revealing to his disciples a great and startling truth. That truth was his approaching death upon the cross. For the first time he places before their minds the astounding announcement that “He must go to Jerusalem and suffer ˆ and ˆ be killed”. He had not come on earth to take a kingdom, but to die. He had not come to reign and be ministered to; but to shed his blood as a sacrifice, and to give his life as a ransom for many.
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
proposed
From that time forth began Jesus to show unto his disciples--that is, with an explicitness and frequency He had never observed before. how that he must go unto Jerusalem and suffer many things--"and be rejected," (Mr 8:31;
quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens
In the beginning of these verses we find our Lord revealing to his disciples a great and startling truth. That truth was his approaching death upon the cross. For the first time he places before their minds the astounding announcement that “He must go to Jerusalem and suffer ˆ and ˆ be killed”. He had not come on earth to take a kingdom, but to die. He had not come to reign and be ministered to; but to shed his blood as a sacrifice, and to give his life as a ransom for many. It is almost impossible for us to conceive how strange and incomprehensible these tidings must have seemed to his disciples. Like most of the Jews, they could form no idea of a suffering Messiah. They did not understand that Isaiah 53 must be fulfilled literally; they did not see that the sacrifices of the law were all meant to point them to the death of the true Lamb of God. They thought of nothing but the second glorious coming of Messiah, which is yet to take place at the end of the world. They thought so much of Messiah’s crown, that they lost sight of his cross. We shall do well to remember this: a right understanding of this matter throws strong light on the lessons which this passage contains. We learn in the first place, from these verses that there may be much spiritual ignorance even in a true disciple of Christ. We cannot have a clearer proof of this than the conduct of the apostle Peter in this passage. He tries to dissuade our Lord from suffering on the cross. “Be it far from thee!” he says. “This shall not be unto thee!” He did not see the full purpose of our Lord’s coming into the world. His eyes were blinded to the necessity of our Lord’s death. He actually did what he could to prevent that death taking place at all! And yet we know that Peter was a converted man; he really believed that Jesus was the Messiah. His heart was right in the sight of God.
From that time forth began Jesus, etc. - Before this time our Lord had only spoken of his death in a vague and obscure manner, see Mat 12:40, because he would not afflict his disciples with this matter sooner than necessity required; but now, as the time of his crucifixion drew nigh, he spoke of his sufferings and death in the most express and clear terms. Three sorts of persons, our Lord intimates, should be the cause of his death and passion: the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes. Pious Quesnel takes occasion to observe from this, that Christ is generally persecuted by these three descriptions of men: rich men, who have their portion in this life; ambitious and covetous ecclesiastics, who seek their portion in this life; and conceited scholars, who set up their wisdom against the wisdom of God, being more intent on criticising words than in providing for the salvation of their souls. The spirit of Christianity always enables a man to bear the ills of life with patience; to receive death with joy; and to expect, by faith, the resurrection of the body, and the life of the world to come.
The words behind it
32 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ἀπὸ | apo | From | G575 → | 640 times |
| τότε | tote | that time | G5119 → | 160 times |
| ἤρξατο | erxato | began | G757 → | 85 times |
| ὁ | ho | <the> | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| Ἰησοῦς | iesous | Jesus | G2424 → | 908 times |
| δεικνύειν | deiknuein | to show | G1166 → | 33 times |
| τοῖς | tois | to the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| μαθηταῖς | mathetais | disciples | G3101 → | 260 times |
| αὐτοῦ | autou | of Him | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ὅτι | hoti | that | G3754 → | 1292 times |
| δεῖ | dei | it is necessary for | G1163 → | 101 times |
| αὐτὸν | auton | Him | G846 → | 5565 times |
| εἰς | eis | to | G1519 → | 1755 times |
| Ἱεροσόλυμα | hi'erosoluma | Jerusalem | G2414 → | 62 times |
| ἀπελθεῖν | apelthein | to go away | G565 → | 115 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| πολλὰ | polla | many things | G4183 → | 367 times |
| παθεῖν | pathein | to suffer | G3958 → | 42 times |
| ἀπὸ | apo | from | G575 → | 640 times |
| τῶν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| πρεσβυτέρων | presbuteron | elders | G4245 → | 65 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀρχιερέων | archiereon | chief priests | G749 → | 122 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| γραμματέων | grammateon | scribes | G1122 → | 62 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἀποκτανθῆναι | apoktanthenai | to be killed | G615 → | 74 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| τῇ | tea | on the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| τρίτῃ | trite | third | G5154 → | 56 times |
| ἡμέρᾳ | hemera | day | G2250 → | 389 times |
| ἐγερθῆναι. | egerthenai | to be raised. | G1453 → | 142 times |
ἈπὸFrom
apoG575 →640 times
τότεthat time
toteG5119 →160 times
ἤρξατοbegan
erxatoG757 →85 times
ὁ<the>
hoG3588 →19766 times
ἸησοῦςJesus
iesousG2424 →908 times
δεικνύεινto show
deiknueinG1166 →33 times
τοῖςto the
toisG3588 →19766 times
μαθηταῖςdisciples
mathetaisG3101 →260 times
αὐτοῦof Him
autouG846 →5565 times
ὅτιthat
hotiG3754 →1292 times
δεῖit is necessary for
deiG1163 →101 times
αὐτὸνHim
autonG846 →5565 times
εἰςto
eisG1519 →1755 times
ἹεροσόλυμαJerusalem
hi'erosolumaG2414 →62 times
ἀπελθεῖνto go away
apeltheinG565 →115 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
πολλὰmany things
pollaG4183 →367 times
παθεῖνto suffer
patheinG3958 →42 times
ἀπὸfrom
apoG575 →640 times
τῶνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
πρεσβυτέρωνelders
presbuteronG4245 →65 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀρχιερέωνchief priests
archiereonG749 →122 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
γραμματέωνscribes
grammateonG1122 →62 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἀποκτανθῆναιto be killed
apoktanthenaiG615 →74 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
τῇon the
teaG3588 →19766 times
τρίτῃthird
triteG5154 →56 times
ἡμέρᾳday
hemeraG2250 →389 times
ἐγερθῆναι.to be raised.
egerthenaiG1453 →142 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
5 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Matthew 17:12But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but have done to him whatever they wished. In the same way, the Son of Man will suffer at…
it leads to
- Isaiah 53:3–12
He was despised and rejected by men, a man of sorrows, acquainted with grief. Like one from whom men hide their faces, He was despised, and we esteemed Him not.
- Mark 6:14–28
Now King Herod heard about this, for Jesus’ name had become well known, and people were saying, “John the Baptist has risen from the dead! That is why miraculous powers are at work in…
- Acts 13:24–28
Before the arrival of Jesus, John preached a baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel.
- Acts 4:10
then let this be known to all of you and to all the people of Israel: It is by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom you crucified but whom God raised from…
- John 5:32–36
There is another who testifies about Me, and I know that His testimony about Me is valid.
- Isaiah 53:3–12
Where this verse is studied
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Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 14 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Gospels; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Matthew; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Jerome, Commentary on Matthew; John Calvin, Commentary on a Harmony of the Evangelists; John Chrysostom, Homily on the Gospel of Matthew 54; John Chrysostom, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Origen of Alexandria, Catena Aurea by Aquinas and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Matthew.
