2 Samuelchapter 11
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Original Language
2 Samuel 11— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
At the time when kings go out, the king stayed home1
2 Samuel 11:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִי֩vayhiand it wasH1961לִתְשׁוּבַ֨תlitshuvatto [the] return ofH8666הַשָּׁנָ֜הhashanahthe yearH8141לְעֵ֣ת׀leetto [the] time ofH6256צֵ֣אתtzet[the] going out ofH3318הַמַּלְאֿכִ֗יםhamali'khim<the> messengersH4397וַיִּשְׁלַ֣חvaiyishlachand he sentH7971דָּוִ֡דdavidDavidH1732אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יוֹאָב֩yoavJoabH3097וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853עֲבָדָ֨יוʾavadavservants hisH5650עִמּ֜וֹimowith himH5973וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לyisraelIsraelH3478וַיַּשְׁחִ֙תוּ֙vaiyashchituand they destroyedH7843אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853בְּנֵ֣יbenei[the] people ofH1121עַמּ֔וֹןamonAmmonH5983וַיָּצֻ֖רוּvaiyatzuruand they laid siegeH6696עַל־ʾal-onH5921רַבָּ֑הrabahRabbahH7237וְדָוִ֖דvedavidand DavidH1732יוֹשֵׁ֥בyoshev[was] remainingH3427בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ סbirushalimin JerusalemH3389
Rashi on II Samuel 11:1
At the time [of year] when kings go forth. There is a time of year when it is the practice that troops go forth, when the land is full of growth and the horses find produce in the field to eat.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
2 Samuel 11:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִ֣י׀vayhiand it wasH1961לְעֵ֣תleetto [the] time ofH6256הָעֶ֗רֶבhaerevthe eveningH6153וַיָּ֨קָםvaiyakomand he aroseH6965דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732מֵעַ֤לmealfrom onH5921מִשְׁכָּבוֹ֙mishkavobed hisH4904וַיִּתְהַלֵּךְ֙vaiyithalekhand he walked aboutH1980עַל־ʾal-onH5921גַּ֣גgag[the] roof ofH1406בֵּית־beit-[the] house ofH1004הַמֶּ֔לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וַיַּ֥רְאvaiyar'and he sawH7200אִשָּׁ֛הʾishaha womanH802רֹחֶ֖צֶתrochetzetbathingH7364מֵעַ֣לmealfrom onH5921הַגָּ֑גhagagthe roofH1406וְהָ֣אִשָּׁ֔הvehaishahand the womanH802טוֹבַ֥תtovat[was] good ofH2896מַרְאֶ֖הmarehappearanceH4758מְאֹֽד׃meodveryH3966
2 Samuel 11:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣חvaiyishlachand he sentH7971דָּוִ֔דdavidDavidH1732וַיִּדְרֹ֖שׁvaiyidroshand he enquiredH1875לָֽאִשָּׁ֑הlaishahof the womanH802וַיֹּ֗אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הֲלוֹא־halo'-¿ notH3808זֹאת֙zot[is] thisH2063בַּת־bat-Bath-H1339שֶׁ֣בַעsheva'-shebaH1339בַּת־bat-[the] daughter ofH1323אֱלִיעָ֔םʾeliamEliamH463אֵ֖שֶׁתʾeshet[the] wife ofH802אוּרִיָּ֥הʾuriyahUriahH223הַחִתִּֽי׃hachitithe HittiteH2850
2 Samuel 11:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁלַח֩vaiyishlachand he sentH7971דָּוִ֨דdavidDavidH1732מַלְאָכִ֜יםmalakhimmessengersH4397וַיִּקָּחֶ֗הָvaiyikachehaand he took herH3947וַתָּב֤וֹאvatavo'and she cameH935אֵלָיו֙ʾelavto himH413וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣בvaiyishkavand he layH7901עִמָּ֔הּʾimahwith herH5973וְהִ֥יאvehi'and sheH1931מִתְקַדֶּ֖שֶׁתmitkadeshet[was] purifying herselfH6942מִטֻּמְאָתָ֑הּmitumatahfrom uncleanness herH2932וַתָּ֖שָׁבvatashovand she returnedH7725אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּיתָֽהּ׃beitahhouse herH1004
2 Samuel 11:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Uriah will not go down to his house6
2 Samuel 11:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤חvaiyishlachand he sentH7971דָּוִד֙davidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413יוֹאָ֔בyoavJoabH3097שְׁלַ֣חshelachsendH7971אֵלַ֔יʾelaito meH413אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853אֽוּרִיָּ֖הʾuriyahUriahH223הַחִתִּ֑יhachitithe HittiteH2850וַיִּשְׁלַ֥חvaiyishlachand he sentH7971יוֹאָ֛בyoavJoabH3097אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853אֽוּרִיָּ֖הʾuriyahUriahH223אֶל־ʾel-toH413דָּוִֽד׃davidDavidH1732
2 Samuel 11:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיָּבֹ֥אvaiyavo'and he cameH935אוּרִיָּ֖הʾuriyahUriahH223אֵלָ֑יוʾelavto himH413וַיִּשְׁאַ֣לvaiyishaland he askedH7592דָּוִ֗דdavidDavidH1732לִשְׁל֤וֹםlishlomto [the] welfare ofH7965יוֹאָב֙yoavJoabH3097וְלִשְׁל֣וֹםvelishlomand to [the] welfare ofH7965הָעָ֔םhaamthe peopleH5971וְלִשְׁל֖וֹםvelishlomand to [the] welfare ofH7965הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃hamilchamahthe battleH4421
2 Samuel 11:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִד֙davidDavidH1732לְא֣וּרִיָּ֔הleuriyahto UriahH223רֵ֥דredgo downH3381לְבֵיתְךָ֖leveitekhato house yourH1004וּרְחַ֣ץurechatzand washH7364רַגְלֶ֑יךָragleikhafeet yourH7272וַיֵּצֵ֤אvaiyetze'and he went outH3318אֽוּרִיָּה֙ʾuriyahUriahH223מִבֵּ֣יתmibeitfrom [the] house ofH1004הַמֶּ֔לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וַתֵּצֵ֥אvatetze'and it went outH3318אַחֲרָ֖יוʾacharavafter himH310מַשְׂאַ֥תmasat[the] gift ofH4864הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃hamelekhthe kingH4428
2 Samuel 11:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣בvaiyishkavand he lay downH7901אוּרִיָּ֗הʾuriyahUriahH223פֶּ֚תַחpetach[the] entrance ofH6607בֵּ֣יתbeit[the] house ofH1004הַמֶּ֔לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428אֵ֖תʾetwithH854כָּל־kol-allH3605עַבְדֵ֣יʾavdei[the] servants ofH5650אֲדֹנָ֑יוʾadonavlord<s> hisH113וְלֹ֥אvelo'and notH3808יָרַ֖דyaradhe went downH3381אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּיתֽוֹ׃beitohouse hisH1004
2 Samuel 11:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּגִּ֤דוּvaiyagiduand people toldH5046לְדָוִד֙ledavidto DavidH1732לֵאמֹ֔רlemor<to> sayingH559לֹֽא־lo'-notH3808יָרַ֥דyaradhe has gone downH3381אוּרִיָּ֖הʾuriyahUriahH223אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּית֑וֹbeitohouse hisH1004וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413אוּרִיָּ֗הʾuriyahUriahH223הֲל֤וֹאhalo'¿ notH3808מִדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙miderekhfrom a journeyH1870אַתָּ֣הʾatah[are] youH859בָ֔אva'comingH935מַדּ֖וּעַmadua'why?H4069לֹֽא־lo'-notH3808יָרַ֥דְתָּyaradtahave you gone downH3381אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּיתֶֽךָ׃beitekhahouse yourH1004
2 Samuel 11:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אוּרִיָּ֜הʾuriyahUriahH223אֶל־ʾel-toH413דָּוִ֗דdavidDavidH1732הָ֠אָרוֹןhaaronthe arkH727וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֨לveyisraeland IsraelH3478וִֽיהוּדָ֜הvihudahand JudahH3063יֹשְׁבִ֣יםyoshevim[are] dwellingH3427בַּסֻּכּ֗וֹתbasukotin <the> boothsH5521וַאדֹנִ֨יvadoniand lord myH113יוֹאָ֜בyoavJoabH3097וְעַבְדֵ֤יveavdeiand [the] servants ofH5650אֲדֹנִ֨יʾadonilord myH113עַל־ʾal-onH5921פְּנֵ֤יpenei[the] face ofH6440הַשָּׂדֶה֙hasadehthe open countryH7704חֹנִ֔יםchonim[are] encampingH2583וַאֲנִ֞יvaaniand IH589אָב֧וֹאʾavo'will I go?H935אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּיתִ֛יbeitihouse myH1004לֶאֱכֹ֥לleekholto eatH398וְלִשְׁתּ֖וֹתvelishtotand to drinkH8354וְלִשְׁכַּ֣בvelishkavand to lieH7901עִם־ʾim-withH5973אִשְׁתִּ֑יʾishtiwife myH802חַיֶּ֙ךָ֙chaiyekha[by] [the] life of youH2416וְחֵ֣יvecheiand [by] [the] life ofH2416נַפְשֶׁ֔ךָnafshekhaself yourH5315אִֽם־ʾim-ifH518אֶעֱשֶׂ֖הʾeesehI will doH6213אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַדָּבָ֥רhadavarthe thingH1697הַזֶּֽה׃hazeh<the> thisH2088
2 Samuel 11:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413אוּרִיָּ֗הʾuriyahUriahH223שֵׁ֥בshevremainH3427בָּזֶ֛הbazehin this [place]H2088גַּם־gam-alsoH1571הַיּ֖וֹםhaiyomthis dayH3117וּמָחָ֣רumacharand tomorrowH4279אֲשַׁלְּחֶ֑ךָּʾashalechekaI will let go youH7971וַיֵּ֨שֶׁבvaiyeshevand he remainedH3427אוּרִיָּ֧הʾuriyahUriahH223בִירוּשָׁלִַ֛םvirushalimin JerusalemH3389בַּיּ֥וֹםbaiyomon the dayH3117הַה֖וּאhahu'<the> thatH1931וּמִֽמָּחֳרָֽת׃umimochoratand from [the] next dayH4283
2 Samuel 11:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְרָא־vaiyikra'-and he summonedH7121ל֣וֹlo<to> <the> himדָוִ֗דdavidDavidH1732וַיֹּ֧אכַלvaiyokhaland he ateH398לְפָנָ֛יוlefanav<to> before himH6440וַיֵּ֖שְׁתְּvaiyeshetand he drankH8354וַֽיְשַׁכְּרֵ֑הוּvayshakerehuand he made drunk himH7937וַיֵּצֵ֣אvaiyetze'and he went outH3318בָעֶ֗רֶבvaerevin the eveningH6153לִשְׁכַּ֤בlishkavto lie downH7901בְּמִשְׁכָּבוֹ֙bemishkavoon bed hisH4904עִם־ʾim-withH5973עַבְדֵ֣יʾavdei[the] servants ofH5650אֲדֹנָ֔יוʾadonavlord<s> hisH113וְאֶל־veel-and toH413בֵּית֖וֹbeitohouse hisH1004לֹ֥אlo'notH3808יָרָֽד׃yaradhe went downH3381
The letter carried by the man it killed14
2 Samuel 11:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
2 Samuel 11:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּכְתֹּ֥בvaiyikhtoand he wroteH3789בַּסֵּ֖פֶרbaseferin the letterH5612לֵאמֹ֑רlemor<to> sayingH559הָב֣וּhavusetH3051אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853אֽוּרִיָּ֗הʾuriyahUriahH223אֶל־ʾel-toH413מוּל֙mul[the] front ofH4136פְּנֵ֤יpenei[the] face ofH6440הַמִּלְחָמָה֙hamilchamahthe battleH4421הַֽחֲזָקָ֔הhachazakah<the> severeH2389וְשַׁבְתֶּ֥םveshavtemand you will turn backH7725מֵאַחֲרָ֖יוmeacharavfrom after himH310וְנִכָּ֥הvenikahand he will be struck downH5221וָמֵֽת׃ סvametand he will dieH4191
Rashi on II Samuel 11:15
And he will be struck and killed. In order for [Batsheva] to be divorced [from Urioh] retroactively. the result would be that [Dovid] did not cohabit with a married woman.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J
2 Samuel 11:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִ֕יvayhiand it wasH1961בִּשְׁמ֥וֹרbishmorwhen watchedH8104יוֹאָ֖בyoavJoabH3097אֶל־ʾel-againstH413הָעִ֑ירhairthe cityH5892וַיִּתֵּן֙vaiyitenand he putH5414אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853א֣וּרִיָּ֔הʾuriyahUriahH223אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַמָּקוֹם֙hamakomthe placeH4725אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhereH834יָדַ֔עyada'he knewH3045כִּ֥יkithatH3588אַנְשֵׁי־ʾanshei-men ofH582חַ֖יִלchayilstrengthH2428שָֽׁם׃sham[were] thereH8033
2 Samuel 11:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֵּ֨צְא֜וּvaiyetzeuand they went outH3318אַנְשֵׁ֤יʾanshei[the] men ofH582הָעִיר֙hairthe cityH5892וַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּvaiyilachamuand they foughtH3898אֶת־ʾet-withH854יוֹאָ֔בyoavJoabH3097וַיִּפֹּ֥לvaiyipoland it fellH5307מִן־min-some ofH4480הָעָ֖םhaamthe peopleH5971מֵעַבְדֵ֣יmeavdeisome of [the] servants ofH5650דָוִ֑דdavidDavidH1732וַיָּ֕מָתvaiyamotand he diedH4191גַּ֖םgamalsoH1571אוּרִיָּ֥הʾuriyahUriahH223הַחִתִּֽי׃hachitithe HittiteH2850
2 Samuel 11:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
2 Samuel 11:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְצַ֥וvaytzavand he commandedH6680אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַמַּלְאָ֖ךְhamalakhthe messengerH4397לֵאמֹ֑רlemor<to> sayingH559כְּכַלּוֹתְךָ֗kekhalotkhawhen finishing youH3615אֵ֛תʾet<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605דִּבְרֵ֥יdivrei[the] matters ofH1697הַמִּלְחָמָ֖הhamilchamahthe battleH4421לְדַבֵּ֥רledaberto speakH1696אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃hamelekhthe kingH4428
2 Samuel 11:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְהָיָ֗הvehayahand it will beH1961אִֽם־ʾim-ifH518תַּעֲלֶה֙taalehit will riseH5927חֲמַ֣תchamat[the] anger ofH2534הַמֶּ֔לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וְאָמַ֣רveamarand he will sayH559לְךָ֔lekhato <the> youמַדּ֛וּעַmadua'why?H4069נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥םnigashtemdid you draw nearH5066אֶל־ʾel-toH413הָעִ֖ירhairthe cityH5892לְהִלָּחֵ֑םlehilachemto fightH3898הֲל֣וֹאhalo'¿ notH3808יְדַעְתֶּ֔םyeda'temdid you knowH3045אֵ֥תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-this:H834יֹר֖וּyoruthey will shootH3384מֵעַ֥לmealfrom onH5921הַחוֹמָֽה׃hachomahthe wallH2346
2 Samuel 11:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
מִֽי־mi-who?H4310הִכָּ֞הhikahdid he strike downH5221אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853אֲבִימֶ֣לֶךְʾavimelekhAbimelechH40בֶּן־ben-[the] son ofH1121יְרֻבֶּ֗שֶׁתyerubeshetJerub-BeshethH3380הֲלֽוֹא־halo'-¿ notH3808אִשָּׁ֡הʾishaha womanH802הִשְׁלִ֣יכָהhishlikhahdid she throwH7993עָלָיו֩ʾalavon himH5921פֶּ֨לַחpelacha mill-stoneH6400רֶ֜כֶבrekhevan upper mill-stoneH7393מֵעַ֤לmealfrom onH5921הַֽחוֹמָה֙hachomahthe wallH2346וַיָּ֣מָתvaiyamotand he diedH4191בְּתֵבֵ֔ץbetevetzin ThebezH8405לָ֥מָּהlamah<to> why?H4100נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֖םnigashtemdid you draw nearH5066אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַֽחוֹמָ֑הhachomahthe wallH2346וְאָ֣מַרְתָּ֔veamartaand you will sayH559גַּ֗םgamalsoH1571עַבְדְּךָ֛ʾavdekhaservant yourH5650אוּרִיָּ֥הʾuriyahUriahH223הַחִתִּ֖יhachitithe HittiteH2850מֵֽת׃methe has diedH4191
The thing that David had done displeased Jehovah22
2 Samuel 11:22· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
2 Samuel 11:23· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הַמַּלְאָךְ֙hamalokhthe messengerH4397אֶל־ʾel-toH413דָּוִ֔דdavidDavidH1732כִּֽי־ki-forH3588גָבְר֤וּgaveruthey prevailedH1396עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ʾaleinuover usH5921הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔יםhaanashimthe menH582וַיֵּצְא֥וּvaiyetzeuand they came outH3318אֵלֵ֖ינוּʾeleinuagainst usH413הַשָּׂדֶ֑הhasadehthe open countryH7704וַנִּהְיֶ֥הvanihyehand we wereH1961עֲלֵיהֶ֖םʾaleihemon themH5921עַד־ʾad-toH5704פֶּ֥תַחpetach[the] entrance ofH6607הַשָּֽׁעַר׃hashaarthe gateH8179
2 Samuel 11:24· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּר֨וּvaiyoreuand they shot arrowsH3384הַמּוֹרִ֤יםhamorimthe archersH3384אֶל־ʾel-toH413עֲבָדֶ֙ךָ֙ʾavadekhaservants yourH5650מֵעַ֣לmealfrom onH5921הַחוֹמָ֔הhachomahthe wallH2346וַיָּמ֖וּתוּvaiyamutuand they have diedH4191מֵעַבְדֵ֣יmeavdeisome of [the] servants ofH5650הַמֶּ֑לֶךְhamelekhthe kingH4428וְגַ֗םvegamand alsoH1571עַבְדְּךָ֛ʾavdekhaservant yourH5650אוּרִיָּ֥הʾuriyahUriahH223הַחִתִּ֖יhachitithe HittiteH2850מֵֽת׃ סmethe has diedH4191
2 Samuel 11:25· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַמַּלְאָ֗ךְhamalakhthe messengerH4397כֹּֽה־koh-thusH3541תֹאמַ֤רtomaryou will sayH559אֶל־ʾel-toH413יוֹאָב֙yoavJoabH3097אַל־ʾal-may notH408יֵרַ֤עyera'it be displeasingH7489בְּעֵינֶ֙יךָ֙beeineikhain view yourH5869אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַדָּבָ֣רhadavarthe thingH1697הַזֶּ֔הhazeh<the> thisH2088כִּֽי־ki-thatH3588כָזֹ֥הkhazohlike thisH2090וְכָזֶ֖הvekhazehand like thisH2088תֹּאכַ֣לtokhalit devoursH398הֶחָ֑רֶבhecharevthe swordH2719הַחֲזֵ֨קhachazekstrengthenH2388מִלְחַמְתְּךָ֧milchamtekhabattle yourH4421אֶל־ʾel-againstH413הָעִ֛ירhairthe cityH5892וְהָרְסָ֖הּveharesahand tear down itH2040וְחַזְּקֵֽהוּ׃vechazekehuand encourage himH2388
2 Samuel 11:26· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
2 Samuel 11:27· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּעֲבֹ֣רvaiyaavorand it passedH5674הָאֵ֗בֶלhaevelthe mourningH60וַיִּשְׁלַ֨חvaiyishlachand he sentH7971דָּוִ֜דdavidDavidH1732וַיַּאַסְפָ֤הּvaiyaasfahand he gathered herH622אֶל־ʾel-toH413בֵּיתוֹ֙beitohouse hisH1004וַתְּהִי־vatehi-and she becameH1961ל֣וֹloof himלְאִשָּׁ֔הleishah<into> a wifeH802וַתֵּ֥לֶדvateledand she boreH3205ל֖וֹloto <the> himבֵּ֑ןbena sonH1121וַיֵּ֧רַעvaiyera'and it was displeasingH7489הַדָּבָ֛רhadavarthe thingH1697אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834עָשָׂ֥הʾasahhe had doneH6213דָוִ֖דdavidDavidH1732בְּעֵינֵ֥יbeeineiin [the] eyes ofH5869יְהוָֽה׃ פyahwehYahwehH3068