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Hebrew verb · H6696

צוּר

tsurtsoor

to confine; to provoke; to form

38 uses in the Hebrew text, one for each word STEP Bible has tagged with this key

Concordance spelling: tsûwr

Word page · Part of the concordance, one page for every word of the Hebrew and Greek text. Strong's H6696is this word's number in James Strong's 1890 index of the King James Bible.

  • 16 of 39
    Old Testament books
  • 30
    spellings
  • 3
    meanings

The definition in full

Strong's key (1890) · H6696

to cramp, i.e. confine (in many applications, literally and figuratively, formative or hostile)

The King James renders it: adversary, assault, beset, besiege, bind (up), cast, distress, fashion, fortify, inclose, lay siege, put up in bags.

James Strong, The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890), public domain. Strong indexed the King James text, and this site quotes his entry as that index.

Summary

tsur is rendered "to confine; to provoke; to form". It stands 38 times in the Hebrew text, across sixteen books.

  • Eight of the uses stand in 2 Kings, more than in any other book.
  • The lexicon lists three meanings for it, beginning with "to confine".
  • Its first use in canonical order opens the ledger below.Exodus 23:22But if you will listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes.
  • The Greek text spells it thirty different ways.

The first use

But if you will listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes.

Exodus 23:22וְצַרְתִּ֖י

The first use, in the order of the Old Testament's books.

Where the word stands

The word stands in sixteen of the 39 Old Testament books.

The other 23 Old Testament books never use the word.

What the word means

The word carries three meanings: to confine, and to provoke, and to form.

Each meaning, and the words it is translated by

The English STEP Bible gives each use, word by word, and how many times.
to confineStrong's entry ATagged aslisted under the tableWhereExodus 23:22But if you will listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say…
to provokeStrong's entry BTagged aslisted under the tableWherein the ledger below
to formStrong's entry CTagged aslisted under the tableWherein the ledger below

How the Greek text is glossed, word by word

  • and he laid siege5
  • and they laid siege5
  • laying siege4
  • and he fashioned2
  • and you will lay siege2
  • who are laying siege2
  • and he besieged1
  • and he secured1
  • and I will be a foe to1
  • and I will lay siege1
  • and they tied up1
  • and you will confine1

and 12 more, 38 uses in all

The words built on the same word-part

Each word below begins with the same letters this one begins with. A shared word-part shows a family. It does not settle what any one of them means, so each word carries its own uses on its own page. Scholars call that shared part the stem.

צוּרtsurRocks (of Goats)Uses78
צוּרָהtsurahdesignUses4

Other numbers on this spelling

Strong gave these words the same spelling and different numbers, so the site counts and defines them apart.

All 38, in canonical order

Every use, in order

Every use, grouped by book, with its verse.

30 spellings and their grammar

STEP Bible tags every word of the Hebrew and Greek text with its spelling and its grammar. Both lists below count the rows printed underneath, written out in English, with the code beside each one as it was tagged.

How it is spelled

  • וַיָּ֥צַר3
  • וַיָּצֻ֖רוּ3
  • הַצָּרִ֤ים2
  • וַיָּצֻ֙רוּ֙2
  • צָרִ֥ים2
  • צָרִ֖ים2
  • הַצָּרִ֣ים1
  • הַצָּרִ֥ים1
  • וַיָּ֤צַר1
  • וַיָּ֛צַר1
  • וַיָּ֙צַר֙1
  • וַיָּצַר֩1

and 18 more spellings in the ledger below.

The grammar of each form

  • Hc/Vqw3ms9Hc/Vqw3ms
  • Hc/Vqw3mp6Hc/Vqw3mp
  • verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural5HVqrmpa
  • Hc/Vqq2ms4Hc/Vqq2ms
  • the definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine plural4HTd/Vqrmpa
  • Hc/Vqq1cs2Hc/Vqq1cs
  • preposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)1HR/Vqcc
  • verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singular1HVhi3ms
  • verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common plural1HVqi1cp
  • verb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singular1HVqi2ms
  • verb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular1HVqj2ms
  • verb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine plural1HVqj2ms/Sp3mp

Exodus

two uses
  • But if you will listen carefully to his voice and do everything I say, I will be an enemy to your enemies and a foe to your foes.

    Exodus 23:22

    • וְצַרְתִּ֖יvetzartiHc/Vqq1cstagged: and I will be a foe to
  • He took the gold from their hands, and with an engraving tool he fashioned it into a molten calf. And they said, “These, O Israel, are your gods, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt!”

    Exodus 32:4

    • וַיָּ֤צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he fashioned

Deuteronomy

five uses
  • Then the LORD said to me, “Do not harass the Moabites or provoke them to war, for I will not give you any of their land, because I have given Ar to the descendants of Lot as their possession.”

    Deuteronomy 2:9

    • תָּ֙צַר֙tatzarverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you may provoke
  • But when you get close to the Ammonites, do not harass them or provoke them, for I will not give you any of the land of the Ammonites. I have given it to the descendants of Lot as their possession.”

    Deuteronomy 2:19

    • תְּצֻרֵ֖םtetzuremverb · simple (qal), jussive (“let him”) · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 3rd person masculine pluraltagged: you provoke them
  • then exchange it for money, take the money in your hand, and go to the place the LORD your God will choose.

    Deuteronomy 14:25

    • וְצַרְתָּ֤vetzartaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will secure
  • But if they refuse to make peace with you and wage war against you, lay siege to that city.

    Deuteronomy 20:12

    • וְצַרְתָּ֖vetzartaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will lay siege
  • When you lay siege to a city for an extended time while fighting against it to capture it, you must not destroy its trees by putting an axe to them, because you can eat their fruit. You must not cut them down. Are the trees of the field human, that you should besiege them?

    Deuteronomy 20:19

    • תָצ֣וּרtatzurverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 2nd person masculine singulartagged: you will lay siege

Judges

one use
  • So he covertly sent messengers to Abimelech to say, “Look, Gaal son of Ebed and his brothers have come to Shechem and are stirring up the city against you.

    Judges 9:31

    • צָרִ֥יםtzarimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: shutting up

1 Samuel

one use
  • Then Saul summoned all his troops to go to war at Keilah and besiege David and his men.

    1 Samuel 23:8

    • לָצ֥וּרlatzurpreposition + verb · simple (qal), infinitive (“to…”)tagged: to lay siege

2 Samuel

two uses
  • In the spring, at the time when kings march out to war, David sent out Joab and his servants with the whole army of Israel. They destroyed the Ammonites and besieged Rabbah, but David remained in Jerusalem.

    2 Samuel 11:1

    • וַיָּצֻ֖רוּvaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they laid siege
  • And Joab’s troops came and besieged Sheba in Abel-beth-maacah and built a siege ramp against the outer rampart of the city. As all the troops with Joab were battering the wall to topple it,

    2 Samuel 20:15

    • וַיָּצֻ֣רוּvaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they laid siege

1 Kings

four uses
  • He cast two pillars of bronze, each eighteen cubits high and twelve cubits in circumference.

    1 Kings 7:15

    • וַיָּ֛צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he fashioned
  • Then Baasha son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar conspired against Nadab, and Baasha struck him down at Gibbethon of the Philistines while Nadab and all Israel were besieging the city.

    1 Kings 15:27

    • צָרִ֖יםtzarimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: laying siege
  • Then Omri and all the Israelites marched up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.

    1 Kings 16:17

    • וַיָּצֻ֖רוּvaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they laid siege
  • Now Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he marched up, besieged Samaria, and waged war against it.

    1 Kings 20:1

    • וַיָּ֙צַר֙vaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he laid siege

2 Kings

eight uses
  • But Naaman insisted, “Please, take two talents.” And he urged Gehazi to accept them. Then he tied up two talents of silver in two bags along with two sets of clothing and gave them to two of his servants, who carried them ahead of Gehazi.

    2 Kings 5:23

    • וַיָּצַר֩vaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he secured
  • Some time later, Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army and marched up to besiege Samaria.

    2 Kings 6:24

    • וַיָּ֖צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he laid siege
  • So there was a great famine in Samaria. Indeed, they besieged the city so long that a donkey’s head sold for eighty shekels of silver, and a quarter cab of dove’s dung sold for five shekels of silver.

    2 Kings 6:25

    • צָרִ֣יםtzarimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: laying siege
  • Whenever they saw that there was a large amount of money in the chest, the royal scribe and the high priest would go up, count the money brought into the house of the LORD, and tie it up in bags.

    2 Kings 12:10

    • וַיָּצֻ֙רוּ֙vaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they tied up
  • Then Rezin king of Aram and Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel came up to wage war against Jerusalem. They besieged Ahaz but could not overcome him.

    2 Kings 16:5

    • וַיָּצֻ֙רוּ֙vaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they laid siege
  • Then the king of Assyria invaded the whole land, marched up to Samaria, and besieged it for three years.

    2 Kings 17:5

    • וַיָּ֥צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he laid siege
  • In the fourth year of Hezekiah’s reign, which was the seventh year of the reign of Hoshea son of Elah over Israel, Shalmaneser king of Assyria marched against Samaria and besieged it.

    2 Kings 18:9

    • וַיָּ֥צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he laid siege
  • And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to the city while his servants were besieging it.

    2 Kings 24:11

    • צָרִ֥יםtzarimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: laying siege

1 Chronicles

one use
  • In the spring, at the time when kings march out to war, Joab led out the army and ravaged the land of the Ammonites. He came to Rabbah and besieged it, but David remained in Jerusalem. And Joab attacked Rabbah and demolished it.

    1 Chronicles 20:1

    • וַיָּ֣צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he besieged

2 Chronicles

one use
  • When famine or plague comes upon the land, or blight or mildew or locusts or grasshoppers, or when their enemies besiege them in their cities, whatever plague or sickness may come,

    2 Chronicles 6:28

    • יָֽצַר־yatzar-verb · causative (hiphil), yiqtol (imperfect) · 3rd person masculine singulartagged: he will lay siege

Esther

one use
  • By these letters the king permitted the Jews in each and every city the right to assemble and defend themselves, to destroy, kill, and annihilate all the forces of any people or province hostile to them, including women and children, and to plunder their possessions.

    Esther 8:11

    • הַצָּרִ֥יםhatzarimthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: which attacks

Psalms

one use
  • You hem me in behind and before; You have laid Your hand upon me.

    Psalms 139:5

    • צַרְתָּ֑נִיtzartaniverb · simple (qal), qatal (perfect) · 2nd person masculine singular + pronoun suffix · 1st person masculine or feminine singulartagged: you enclose me

Song of Solomon

one use
  • If she is a wall, we will build a tower of silver upon her. If she is a door, we will enclose her with panels of cedar.

    Song of Solomon 8:9

    • נָצ֥וּרnatzurverb · simple (qal), yiqtol (imperfect) · 1st person common pluraltagged: we will shut up

Isaiah

two uses
  • A dire vision is declared to me: “The traitor still betrays, and the destroyer still destroys. Go up, O Elam! Lay siege, O Media! I will put an end to all her groaning.”

    Isaiah 21:2

    • צוּרִ֣יtzuriverb · simple (qal), command · 2nd person feminine singulartagged: lay siege
  • I will camp in a circle around you; I will besiege you with towers and set up siege works against you.

    Isaiah 29:3

    • וְצַרְתִּ֤יvetzartiHc/Vqq1cstagged: and I will lay siege

Jeremiah

five uses
  • this is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘I will turn against you the weapons of war in your hands, with which you are fighting the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans who besiege you outside the wall, and I will assemble their forces in the center of this city.

    Jeremiah 21:4

    • הַצָּרִ֣יםhatzarimthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: who are laying siege
  • Whoever stays in this city will die by sword and famine and plague, but whoever goes out and surrenders to the Chaldeans who besiege you will live; he will retain his life like a spoil of war.

    Jeremiah 21:9

    • הַצָּרִ֤יםhatzarimthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: who are laying siege
  • At that time the army of the king of Babylon was besieging Jerusalem, and Jeremiah the prophet was imprisoned in the courtyard of the guard, which was in the palace of the king of Judah.

    Jeremiah 32:2

    • צָרִ֖יםtzarimverb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: laying siege
  • Pharaoh’s army had left Egypt, and when the Chaldeans who were besieging Jerusalem heard the report, they withdrew from Jerusalem.

    Jeremiah 37:5

    • הַצָּרִ֤יםhatzarimthe definite article (“the”) + verb · simple (qal), participle · masculine pluraltagged: who were laying siege
  • In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon marched against Jerusalem with his entire army and laid siege to the city.

    Jeremiah 39:1

    • וַיָּצֻ֖רוּvaiyatzuruHc/Vqw3mptagged: and they laid siege

Ezekiel

two uses
  • Then take an iron plate and set it up as an iron wall between yourself and the city. Turn your face toward it so that it is under siege, and besiege it. This will be a sign to the house of Israel.

    Ezekiel 4:3

    • וְצַרְתָּ֣vetzartaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will lay siege
  • But you are to take a few strands of hair and secure them in the folds of your garment.

    Ezekiel 5:3

    • וְצַרְתָּ֥vetzartaHc/Vqq2mstagged: and you will confine

Daniel

one use
  • In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and besieged it.

    Daniel 1:1

    • וַיָּ֥צַרvaiyatzarHc/Vqw3mstagged: and he laid siege

The letters

Where it leads

How the numbers are counted

Every count on this page comes from STEP Bible's tagged Hebrew and Greek text, the same text the ledger prints. A use is counted once each time the tagging marks a word with this key.

Spellings are counted as the Greek text spells them, with the sentence's own punctuation taken off the word first, so a form that ends a clause is not counted as a second spelling.

The words it stands beside are the nouns, verbs and adjectives immediately before or after it, counted in every verse where the word stands. The article, the conjunctions and the prepositions are left out, because they stand beside every word.

The family is read from the lexicon by the stem the two words share, with the accents off, and a person or a place named on the stem is left out.

Hebrew and Greek text, word tagging and grammar: STEP Bible (www.STEPBible.org), Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0. Their grammar codes are written out in English here and shown as tagged beside each one.

Meaning and senses: STEP Bible TBESH gloss (Tyndale House, CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary key: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890, public domain). English verse text: Berean Standard Bible (public domain, 2023).

Revised 2026-09-05. Every cited work, the sources registry →