Luke 11:31
in Luke 11The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One greater than Solomon is here.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation, and shall condemn them: for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
KJV
The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation, and condemn them: for she came from the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
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This verse in Luke 11
Commentary
22 notes on this verseIn this also is clearly expressed the mystery of the Church, which is gathered from the ends of the earth, in the penance of the Ninevites, and in the seeking of wisdom by the Queen of the South: so that she may know the peaceful words of Solomon, the Queen, indeed, whose kingdom is indivisible, arising from diverse and distant peoples into one body.
This site's exposition
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment
on Luke 11:31-32
The Queen of the South recalls the Queen of Sheba, a Gentile who came to hear the wisdom of Solomon. The men of Nineveh, Gentiles who repented at the preaching of Jonah, stand as a second witness against a generation given more.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
Herein also while condemning the Jewish people, He strongly expresses the mystery of the Church, which in the queen of the South, through the desire of obtaining wisdom, is gathered together from the uttermost parts of the whole earth, to hear the words of the Peacemaking Solomon; a queen plainly whose kingdom is undivided, rising up from different and distant nations into one body. Now in a mystery, the Church consists of two things, either ignorance of sin, which has reference mainly to the queen of the South, or ceasing to sin, which relates indeed to the repentant Ninevites. For repentance blots out the offence, wisdom guards against it.
(de Cons. Ev. lib. ii. c. 39.) Luke indeed relates this in the same place as Matthew, but in a somewhat different order. But who does not see that it is an idle question, in what order our Lord said those things, seeing that we ought to learn by the most precious authority of the Evangelist, that there is no falsehood. But not every man will repeat another's words in the same order in which they proceeded from his mouth, seeing that the order itself makes no difference with respect to the fact, whether it be so or not.
(Hom. 7. Cant.) Now as she was queen of the Ethiopians, and in a far distant country, so in the beginning the Church of the Gentiles was in darkness, and far off from the knowledge of God. But when Christ the Prince of peace shone forth, the Jews being still in darkness, thither came the Gentiles, and offered to Christ the frankincense of piety, the gold of divine knowledge, and precious stones, that is, obedience to His commands.
The Queen of the South will condemn it because she is a type of the church. Just as she came to Solomon, so too the church came to our Lord, and just as she condemned this generation, so also will the church. If she, who …
"And truly confusion is our worthy portion, if we have done no more than those who are inferior to us in knowledge. But if it be confusion to us, to be found equal to them in works, what shall become of us if the examination …
15 more voices on this verse
The Church Fathers1 voice
"But that indeed in the day of judgment the doings of those who have known the truth are compared with the good deeds of those who have been in error, the unlying One Himself has taught us, saying to those who neglected to come and …
The Medieval Church8 voices
Or because the South is praised in Scripture as warm and life-giving, therefore the soul reigning in the south, that is, in all spiritual conversation, comes to hear the wisdom of Solomon, the Prince of peace, the Lord our God, (i. e. is raised up to contemplate Him,) to whom no one shall come except he reign in a good life. But He brings next an example from the Ninevites, saying, The men of Nineveh shall rise up in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it.
Second, the generation of the Jews is reproved because it was lukewarm in learning, when it is added: The queen of the south shall rise in the judgment with the men of this generation. From which it appears that the resurrection will be universal, not …
The Queen of the South will rise in the judgment with the men of this generation, and will condemn them. She will indeed condemn not by the power of judgment, but by the comparison of a better act. But if the Queen of the South, …
For she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something greater than Solomon is here.--Here in this place it signifies not a pronoun, but an adverb of place, that is, he is conversing among you in the …
Not certainly by any authority to judge, but by the contrast of a better deed. As it follows, For she came from the utmost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here. Hie in this place is not the pronoun, but the adverb of place, that is, "there is one present among you who is incomparably superior to Solomon." He said not, "I am greater than Solomon," that he might teach us to be humble, though fruitful in spiritual graces. As if he said, "The barbarian woman hastened to hear Solomon, taking so long a journey to be instructed in the knowledge of visible living creatures, and the virtues of herbs. But ye when ye stand by and hear Wisdom herself teaching you invisible and heavenly things, and confirming her words with signs and wonders, are strangers to the word, and senselessly disregard the miracles."
But if the queen of the South, who doubtless is of the elect, shall rise up in judgment together with the wicked, we have a proof of the one resurrection of all men, good as well as bad, and that not according to Jewish fables to happen a thousand years before the judgment, but at the judgment itself.
The Queen of the South shall likewise condemn this generation, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon. By the "queen of the south," understand also every soul that is strong and steadfast in goodness. Let me explain. …
Now Jonas after he came forth from the whale's belly converts the men of Nineveh by his preaching, but when Christ rose again, the Jewish nation believed not. So there was a sentence already passed upon them, of which there follows a second example, as it is said, The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with the men of this generation, and condemn them.
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
The queen of the south,....
The Nineteenth Century5 voices
The queen of the south, etc. - Perhaps it would be better to translate, A queen of the south, and the men of this race, shall rise up in judgment, etc. See the note on Luk 11:7. The 32d verse may be read in the same way.
OUR FIRST thought is that no mere man would have said this concerning himself unless he had been altogether eaten up with vanity; for Solomon was among the Jews the very ideal of greatness and wisdom. It would be an instance of the utmost self-conceit if any mere man were to say of himself’’A greater than Solomon is here.’ Any person who was really greater and wiser than Solomon would be the last man to claim such preeminence. A wise man would never think of it; a prudent man would never say it.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
A woman is brought before us in this passage of Scripture, of whose name and history we know nothing. We read that, as our Lord spoke, "A certain woman of the company lifted up her voice and said unto him: Blessed is the mother that gave you birth." At once our Lord founds a great lesson on her remark. His perfect wisdom turned every incident within His reach to profit. We should observe in these verses — how great are the privileges of those who hear and keep God's Word.
A commentator
J.C. Ryle1816–1900
Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition) (1858)
proposed
A woman is brought before us in this passage of Scripture, of whose name and history we know nothing. We read that, as our Lord spoke, "A certain woman of the company lifted up her voice and said unto him: Blessed is the mother that gave you birth." At once our Lord founds a great lesson on her remark. His perfect wisdom turned every incident within His reach to profit. We should observe in these verses — how great are the privileges of those who hear and keep God's Word. They are regarded by Christ with as much honor as if they were His nearest relatives. It is more blessed to be a believer in the Lord Jesus — than it would have been to have been one of the family in which He was born after the flesh. It was a greater honor to Mary herself, to have Christ dwelling in her heart by faith — than to have been the mother of Christ, and to have nursed Him on her bosom. We are generally very slow to receive truths like these. We are apt to imagine that to have seen Christ, and heard Christ, and lived near Christ, and been a relative of Christ according to the flesh — would have had some mighty effect upon our souls. We are all naturally inclined to attach great importance to a religion of sight, and sense, and touch, and eye, and ear . We love a physical, tangible, material Christianity — far better than one of faith. And we need reminding that seeing is not always believing. Thousands saw Christ continually, while He was on earth, and yet clung to their sins. Even His brethren at one time "did not believe in him." (John 7:5.) A mere fleshly knowledge of Christ, saves no one. The words of Paul are very instructive, "Though we have known Christ after the flesh — yet we do not know Him any more in this way." (2 Corinthians 5:16.)
OUR FIRST thought is that no mere man would have said this concerning himself unless he had been altogether eaten up with vanity; for Solomon was among the Jews the very ideal of greatness and wisdom. It would be an instance of the utmost self-conceit if any mere man were to say of himself’’A greater than Solomon is here.’ Any person who was really greater and wiser than Solomon would be the last man to claim such preeminence. A wise man would never think of it; a prudent man would never say it. The Lord Jesus Christ, if we regard Him as a mere man, would have never uttered such an expression, for a more modest, self-forgetting man was never found in all our race. View it on the supposition that the Christ of Nazareth was a mere man, and I say that His whole conduct was totally different from the spirit which would have suggested an utterance like this’’A greater Solomon is here.’ For men to compare themselves with one another is not wise, and Christ was wise; it is not humble, and Christ was humble. He would not have thus spoken if there had not been cause and reason in His infinitely glorious nature. It was because the divinity within Him must speak out. For God to say that He is greater than all His creatures is no boasting; for what are they in His sight? All worlds are but sparks from the anvil of His omnipotence. Space, time, eternity, all these are as nothing before Him; and for Him to compare or even to contrast Himself with one of His own creatures is supreme condescension, let Him word the comparison how He may. It was the divine within our Lord which made Him say’and not even then with a view to exalt Himself, but with a view to point the moral that He was trying to bring before the people’’A greater than Solomon is here.’ He did as good as say, ‘’The queen of the south came from a distance to hear the wisdom of Solomon, but you refuse to hear me.
The words behind it
31 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| βασίλισσα | basilissa | [The] Queen | G938 → | |
| νότου | notou | of [the] South | G3558 → | 7 times |
| ἐγερθήσεται | egerthesetai | will rise up | G1453 → | 142 times |
| ἐν | en | in | G1722 → | 2738 times |
| τῇ | tea | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| κρίσει | krisei | judgment | G2920 → | 47 times |
| μετὰ | meta | with | G3326 → | 461 times |
| τῶν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| ἀνδρῶν | andron | men | G435 → | 216 times |
| τῆς | tes | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| γενεᾶς | geneas | generation | G1074 → | 43 times |
| ταύτης | tautes | this | G3778 → | 1381 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| κατακρινεῖ | katakrinei | will condemn | G2632 → | |
| αὐτούς· | autous | them; | G846 → | 5565 times |
| ὅτι | hoti | For | G3754 → | 1292 times |
| ἦλθεν | elthen | she came | G2064 → | 628 times |
| ἐκ | ek | from | G1537 → | 911 times |
| τῶν | ton | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| περάτων | peraton | ends | G4009 → | |
| τῆς | tes | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| γῆς | ges | earth | G1093 → | 248 times |
| ἀκοῦσαι | akousai | to hear | G191 → | 425 times |
| τὴν | ten | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| σοφίαν | sophian | wisdom | G4678 → | 51 times |
| Σολομῶνος, | solomonos | of Solomon, | G4672 → | 12 times |
| καὶ | kai | and | G2532 → | 9120 times |
| ἰδοὺ | idou | behold | G2400 → | 200 times |
| πλεῖον | pleion | greater | G4119 → | 45 times |
| Σολομῶνος | solomonos | than Solomon | G4672 → | 12 times |
| ὧδε.¶ | hode | here. | G5602 → | 61 times |
βασίλισσα[The] Queen
basilissaG938 →
νότουof [the] South
notouG3558 →7 times
ἐγερθήσεταιwill rise up
egerthesetaiG1453 →142 times
ἐνin
enG1722 →2738 times
τῇthe
teaG3588 →19766 times
κρίσειjudgment
kriseiG2920 →47 times
μετὰwith
metaG3326 →461 times
τῶνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
ἀνδρῶνmen
andronG435 →216 times
τῆςof the
tesG3588 →19766 times
γενεᾶςgeneration
geneasG1074 →43 times
ταύτηςthis
tautesG3778 →1381 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
κατακρινεῖwill condemn
katakrineiG2632 →
αὐτούς·them;
autousG846 →5565 times
ὅτιFor
hotiG3754 →1292 times
ἦλθενshe came
elthenG2064 →628 times
ἐκfrom
ekG1537 →911 times
τῶνthe
tonG3588 →19766 times
περάτωνends
peratonG4009 →
τῆςof the
tesG3588 →19766 times
γῆςearth
gesG1093 →248 times
ἀκοῦσαιto hear
akousaiG191 →425 times
τὴνthe
tenG3588 →19766 times
σοφίανwisdom
sophianG4678 →51 times
Σολομῶνος,of Solomon,
solomonosG4672 →12 times
καὶand
kaiG2532 →9120 times
ἰδοὺbehold
idouG2400 →200 times
πλεῖονgreater
pleionG4119 →45 times
Σολομῶνοςthan Solomon
solomonosG4672 →12 times
ὧδε.¶here.
hodeG5602 →61 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Luke 3:22and the Holy Spirit descended on Him in a bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are My beloved Son; in You I am well pleased.”
it leads to
- Psalms 2:7
I will proclaim the decree spoken to Me by the LORD: “You are My Son; today I have become Your Father.
- 2 Peter 1:17–18
For He received honor and glory from God the Father when the voice came to Him from the Majestic Glory, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.”
- Isaiah 42:1
“Here is My Servant, whom I uphold, My Chosen One, in whom My soul delights. I will put My Spirit on Him, and He will bring justice to the nations.
- John 1:32
Then John testified, “I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove and resting on Him.
- Luke 9:34–35
While Peter was speaking, a cloud appeared and enveloped them, and they were afraid as they entered the cloud.
- Psalms 2:7
Through
2 Chronicles 9:1Now when the queen of Sheba heard about the fame of Solomon, she came to test him with difficult questions. She arrived in Jerusalem with a very large caravan—with camels bearing spices, gold in…
it leads to
- Matthew 12:42
The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and now One…
- Matthew 12:42
Through
Jeremiah 3:11And the LORD said to me, “Faithless Israel has shown herself more righteous than unfaithful Judah.
it leads to
- Ezekiel 16:51–52
Furthermore, Samaria did not commit half the sins you did. You have multiplied your abominations beyond theirs, and all the abominations you have committed have made your sisters appear righteous.
- Ezekiel 23:11
Her sister Oholibah saw this, yet in her lust and prostitution she was more depraved than her sister.
- Ezekiel 16:51–52
Where this verse is studied
On this page
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About Luke

Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 18 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, Exposition of the Gospel of Luke, 7.96; Ambrose of Milan, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Augustine of Hippo, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bede, On the Gospel of Luke; Bede, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Bonaventure, Commentary on Luke, Chapter 11; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1600: “A Greater Than Solomon” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON TATIAN'S DIATESSARON 11.4; Gregory of Nyssa, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Luke (lightly modernized text, Grace Gems edition); John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Pseudo-Clement, Recognitions (Book VI); Pseudo-Clement, Clementine Homilies, Homily 11; Theophylact of Ohrid, Catena Aurea by Aquinas and Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Luke.
