1 Kings 2:30
in 1 Kings 2And Benaiah entered the tent of the LORD and said to Joab, “The king says, ‘Come out!’” But Joab replied, “No, I will die here.” So Benaiah relayed the message to the king, saying, “This is how Joab answered me.”
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
And Benaiah came to the Tent of Jehovah, and said unto him, Thus saith the king, Come forth. And he said, Nay; but I will die here. And Benaiah brought the king word again, saying, Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.
KJV
And Benaiah came to the tabernacle of the Lord, and said unto him, Thus saith the king, Come forth. And he said, Nay; but I will die here. And Benaiah brought the king word again, saying, Thus said Joab, and thus he answered me.
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This verse in 1 Kings 2
Commentary
7 notes on this verseNay; but I will die here - The altars were so sacred among all the people, that, in general, even the vilest wretch found safety, if he once reached the altar. This led to many abuses, and the perversion of public justice; and at last it became a maxim that the guilty should be punished, should they even have taken refuge at the altars. God decreed that the presumptuous murderer who had taken refuge at the altar should be dragged thence, and put to death; see Exo 21:
This site's exposition
caught hold on the horns of the altar
on 1 Kings 2:28-30
Joab had not backed Absalom's revolt but did back Adonijah's, and news of Adonijah's death sends him to the horns of the altar, the asylum Exodus 21:14 explicitly denies a man guilty of premeditated murder rather than accidental killing. Benaiah's summons and Joab's flat refusal, Nay, but I will die here, force the question whether the altar can shelter a man the law already excludes from it.
This site's exposition
This is how Joab answered me
Benaiah carries Joab’s refusal back to the king. Matthew Henry reads this as a scruple about killing a man at the altar, and he adds that the altar sheltered sins the blood of beasts could atone for. Joab’s murders lay outside that.
The record, by era
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
Benaiah made a scruple of either killing him there or dragging him thence; but Solomon knew the law, that the altar of God should give no protection to wilful murderers. 14 , Thou shalt take him from my altar that he may die, may die a sacrifice. In case of such sins as the blood of beasts would atone for the altar was a refuge, but not in Joab's case.
And Benaiah came to the tabernacle of the Lord,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
WE MUST tell you the story. Solomon was to be the king after David, but his elder brother, Adonijah, was preferred by Joab, the captain of the host, and by Abiathar, the priest; and, therefore, they got together, and tried to steal a march upon dying David, and set up Adonijah. They utterly failed in this; and when Solomn came to the throne Adonijah was afraid for his life, and fled to the horns of the altar at the tabernacle for shelter.
WE MUST tell you the story. Solomon was to be the king after David, but his elder brother, Adonijah, was preferred by Joab, the captain of the host, and by Abiathar, the priest; and, therefore, they got together, and tried to steal a march upon dying David, and set up Adonijah. They utterly failed in this; and when Solomn came to the throne Adonijah was afraid for his life, and fled to the horns of the altar at the tabernacle for shelter. Solomn permitted him to find sanctuary there, and forgave him his offence, and said that if he proved himself a worthy man he should live without further molestation. But very soon he began plotting again, and sought to undermine Solomon now that their venerable father was dead. It became therefore necessary, especially according to oriental ideas, for Solomn to strike a heavy blow; and he determined to begin with Joab—the bottom of all the mischief, who, though he had not followed after Absalom in David's time, was now following after Adonijah. No sooner had the king determined upon this, than Joab, conscience-stricken, begin to look to himself and fly. Read the twenty-eighth verse. "Then tidings came to Joab: for Joab had turned after Adonijah, though he turned not after Absalom. And Joab fled unto the tabernacle of the Lord, and caught hold on the horns of the altar." I suppose that he thought that, as Adonijah had done this successfully before, Joab might repeat it, and have some hope for his life. Of course. he had no right to enter into the holy place, and lay hold on the horns of the altar; but being driven to desperation, he knew not what else to do. He was a man of hoary head, who had thirty or more years before committed two atrocious murders, and now they came home to him. He did not know where to fly except he fled to the horns of an altar, which he had very seldom approached before.
The words behind it
27 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַיָּבֹ֨א | vaiyavo' | and he went | H935 → | 2568 times |
| בְנָיָ֜הוּ | venayahu | Benaiah | H1141 → | 42 times |
| אֶל־ | ʾel- | to | H413 → | 5510 times |
| אֹ֣הֶל | ʾohel | [the] tent of | H168 → | 345 times |
| יְהוָ֗ה | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| וַיֹּ֨אמֶר | vaiyomer | and he said | H559 → | 5305 times |
| אֵלָ֜יו | ʾelav | to him | H413 → | 5510 times |
| כֹּֽה־ | koh- | thus | H3541 → | 577 times |
| אָמַ֤ר | ʾamar | he says | H559 → | 5305 times |
| הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ | hamelekh | the king | H4428 → | 2525 times |
| צֵ֔א | tze' | come out | H3318 → | 1067 times |
| וַיֹּ֥אמֶר׀ | vaiyomer | and he said | H559 → | 5305 times |
| לֹ֖א | lo' | In- | H3808 → | 5168 times |
| כִּ֣י | ki | deed | H3588 → | 4482 times |
| פֹ֣ה | foh | here | H6311 → | 82 times |
| אָמ֑וּת | ʾamut | I will die | H4191 → | 839 times |
| וַיָּ֨שֶׁב | vaiyashev | and he brought back | H7725 → | 1056 times |
| בְּנָיָ֤הוּ | benayahu | Benaiah | H1141 → | 42 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ | hamelekh | the king | H4428 → | 2525 times |
| דָּבָ֣ר | davar | word | H1697 → | 1440 times |
| לֵאמֹ֔ר | lemor | <to> saying | H559 → | 5305 times |
| כֹּֽה־ | koh- | thus | H3541 → | 577 times |
| דִבֶּ֥ר | diber | he spoke | H1696 → | 1141 times |
| יוֹאָ֖ב | yoav | Joab | H3097 → | 144 times |
| וְכֹ֥ה | vekhoh | and thus | H3541 → | 577 times |
| עָנָֽנִי׃ | ʾanani | he answered me | H6030 → | 331 times |
וַיָּבֹ֨אand he went
vaiyavo'H935 →2568 times
בְנָיָ֜הוּBenaiah
venayahuH1141 →42 times
אֶל־to
ʾel-H413 →5510 times
אֹ֣הֶל[the] tent of
ʾohelH168 →345 times
יְהוָ֗הYahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he said
vaiyomerH559 →5305 times
אֵלָ֜יוto him
ʾelavH413 →5510 times
כֹּֽה־thus
koh-H3541 →577 times
אָמַ֤רhe says
ʾamarH559 →5305 times
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙the king
hamelekhH4428 →2525 times
צֵ֔אcome out
tze'H3318 →1067 times
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר׀and he said
vaiyomerH559 →5305 times
לֹ֖אIn-
lo'H3808 →5168 times
כִּ֣יdeed
kiH3588 →4482 times
פֹ֣הhere
fohH6311 →82 times
אָמ֑וּתI will die
ʾamutH4191 →839 times
וַיָּ֨שֶׁבand he brought back
vaiyashevH7725 →1056 times
בְּנָיָ֤הוּBenaiah
benayahuH1141 →42 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙the king
hamelekhH4428 →2525 times
דָּבָ֣רword
davarH1697 →1440 times
לֵאמֹ֔ר<to> saying
lemorH559 →5305 times
כֹּֽה־thus
koh-H3541 →577 times
דִבֶּ֥רhe spoke
diberH1696 →1141 times
יוֹאָ֖בJoab
yoavH3097 →144 times
וְכֹ֥הand thus
vekhohH3541 →577 times
עָנָֽנִי׃he answered me
ʾananiH6030 →331 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
About 1 Kings

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 1826: “The Horns of the Altar” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Keil, The Books of the Kings and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
