1 Kings 11:1
in 1 Kings 11King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites;
KJV
But king Solomon loved many strange women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians, and Hittites;
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This verse in 1 Kings 11
Commentary
7 notes on this verseIn the previous chapters the Scripture related the marriage of Solomon with the daughter of Pharaoh and did not rebuke him because she was the one wife only who did not secretly practice the religion of her homeland and was no reason of offense for …
This site's exposition
loved many strange women
on 1 Kings 11:1-3
Deut 17:17 forbade the king multiplying wives, lest his heart turn away, and the chapter opens by naming the exact three nations of judgment history, Moabites, Ammonites and Edomites, among the seven listed. Seven hundred wives and three hundred concubines complete the reversal of the glory chapters: horses out of Egypt at 10:28-29, silver and gold beyond counting at 10:14, and now wives beyond number, the king's own law broken clause by clause. The narrator states the count and lets it stand against the law without citing the law by name.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers2 voices
However, in [David's] son Solomon libido was not a passing guest; it reigned as a king. Scripture does not pass this over in silence but blames him as a lover of women. His beginnings were redolent with the desire for wisdom; when he had obtained it through spiritual love, he lost it through carnal love.
[God] promised that something everlasting would spring from David's seed. Then Solomon was born, and he became a man of such profound wisdom that everyone supposed God's promise concerning David's offspring had been fulfilled in him. But no, Solomon fell and so made room for people to stretch their hope toward Christ. God can neither be deceived nor deceive us, so we can be certain that he did not ground his promise in Solomon, for he knew Solomon would fall. The divine purpose was that after Solomon's fall you would look to God and earnestly press him for what he had promised.Did you lie, then, Lord? Do you go back on your promises? Do you fail to deliver what you swore to give? Perhaps God will counter you by saying, "I did swear, and I did promise, but that man did not persevere." But how can that be the answer? Did you not foresee, O Lord God, that he would not persevere? Of course you foresaw it. Why, then, did you promise me something that would last forever and attach that promise to someone who would not persevere? You said to me, " 'If his children forsake my law and do not walk according to my ordinances, if they break my commandments and violate my covenant,' nevertheless my promise shall endure, and my oath shall be fulfilled. 'Once I have sworn in my holiness,'4 within myself." In that most secret place you swore it, in the fountain from which the prophets drank, those prophets who belched out for us the words, "Once have I sworn in my holiness, and I will not lie to David." Make good your oath then, and deliver what you promised. I was stripped away from David of old, lest in that David we should hope for its fulfillment, and so that you can say to us, "Keep hoping for what I promised." Even David himself was aware of this. Consider what he says: "Yet you, you yourself, have rejected him to nothing." So what has become of your promise? […]
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
But King Solomon loved many strange women,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
In noticing successively Solomon’s excessive accumulation of silver and gold 1Ki 10:14-25, his multiplication of horses 1Ki 10:26-29, and his multiplication of wives, the writer has in mind the warning of Moses against these three forms of princely ostentation, all alike forbidden to an Israelite monarch (marginal reference). Zidonians - i. e., Phoenician women. A tradition states that Solomon married a daughter of Hiram, king of Tyre.
Many strange women - That is, idolaters; together with the daughter of Pharaoh: she was also one of those strange women and an idolater. But many think she became a proselyte to the Jewish religion; of this there is no evidence.
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
And [especially] the daughter of Pharaoh. She too was one of the foreign women, but because she was beloved by him more than all of them, she was counted separately.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
14 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ | vehamelekh | and the king | H4428 → | 2525 times |
| שְׁלֹמֹ֗ה | shelomoh | Solomon | H8010 → | 291 times |
| אָהַ֞ב | ʾahav | he loved | H157 → | 211 times |
| נָשִׁ֧ים | nashim | women | H802 → | 781 times |
| נָכְרִיּ֛וֹת | nakheriyot | foreign | H5237 → | 45 times |
| רַבּ֖וֹת | rabot | many | H7227 → | 454 times |
| וְאֶת־ | veet | and <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| בַּת־ | bat- | [the] daughter of | H1323 → | 588 times |
| פַּרְעֹ֑ה | paroh | Pharaoh | H6547 → | 274 times |
| מוֹאֲבִיּ֤וֹת | moaviyot | Moabite [women] | H4125 → | |
| עַמֳּנִיּוֹת֙ | ʾamoniyot | Ammonite [women] | H5984 → | 21 times |
| אֲדֹ֣מִיֹּ֔ת | ʾadomiyot | Edomite [women] | H130 → | 11 times |
| צֵדְנִיֹּ֖ת | tzedeniyot | Sidonian [women] | H6722 → | 16 times |
| חִתִּיֹּֽת׃ | chitiyot | Hittite [women] | H2850 → | 48 times |
וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְand the king
vehamelekhH4428 →2525 times
שְׁלֹמֹ֗הSolomon
shelomohH8010 →291 times
אָהַ֞בhe loved
ʾahavH157 →211 times
נָשִׁ֧יםwomen
nashimH802 →781 times
נָכְרִיּ֛וֹתforeign
nakheriyotH5237 →45 times
רַבּ֖וֹתmany
rabotH7227 →454 times
וְאֶת־and <obj.>
veetH853 →10935 times
בַּת־[the] daughter of
bat-H1323 →588 times
פַּרְעֹ֑הPharaoh
parohH6547 →274 times
מוֹאֲבִיּ֤וֹתMoabite [women]
moaviyotH4125 →
עַמֳּנִיּוֹת֙Ammonite [women]
ʾamoniyotH5984 →21 times
אֲדֹ֣מִיֹּ֔תEdomite [women]
ʾadomiyotH130 →11 times
צֵדְנִיֹּ֖תSidonian [women]
tzedeniyotH6722 →16 times
חִתִּיֹּֽת׃Hittite [women]
chitiyotH2850 →48 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Proverbs 2:16It will rescue you from the forbidden woman, from the stranger with seductive words
it leads to
- Ecclesiastes 7:26
And I find more bitter than death the woman who is a snare, whose heart is a net, and whose hands are chains. The man who pleases God escapes her, but the sinner is…
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Ecclesiastes 7:26
Through
Deuteronomy 17:17He must not take many wives for himself, lest his heart go astray. He must not accumulate for himself large amounts of silver and gold.
it leads to
- Nehemiah 13:26
Did not King Solomon of Israel sin in matters like this? There was not a king like him among many nations, and he was loved by his God, who made him king over all…
- Matthew 19:5
and said, ‘For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and the two will become one flesh’?
- Proverbs 30:8–9
Keep falsehood and deceitful words far from me. Give me neither poverty nor riches; feed me with the bread that is my portion.
- 1 Kings 11:1–4
King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh—women of Moab, Ammon, Edom, and Sidon, as well as Hittite women.
- Psalms 62:10
Place no trust in extortion, or false hope in stolen goods. If your riches increase, do not set your heart upon them.
- Nehemiah 13:26
Through
Proverbs 6:24to keep you from the evil woman, from the smooth tongue of the adulteress.
it leads to
- Proverbs 2:16
It will rescue you from the forbidden woman, from the stranger with seductive words
- Proverbs 7:5
that they may keep you from the adulteress, from the stranger with seductive words.
- Proverbs 2:16
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies1
About 1 Kings

Who and where
4 names in this verse with a page on the site.
- PersonSolomonDavid's son and the third king of Israel; the temple-builder and wisdom-king, to whom Psalms 72 and 127 are ascribed.
- PlaceTransjordanEdomThe highland nation descended from Esau that refused Israel passage on the King's Highway, and whose pride the prophets answered.
- PlaceTransjordanMoabThe high country east of the Dead Sea, home of Lot's descendants, where Balak hired Balaam, where Ruth was born, and where Moses l…
- PlaceTransjordanAmmonKingdom east of the Jordan descended from Lot, judged alongside Moab in Zephaniah 2:8-11 and Amos 1:13-15.
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Augustine of Hippo, CHRISTIAN INSTRUCTION 3.21.31; Augustine of Hippo, EXPOSITION 2 OF PSALM 88.6-7; Ephrem the Syrian, ON THE FIRST BOOK OF KINGS 11:1; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
