Genesis 49:16
in Genesis 49Dan shall provide justice for his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Dan shall judge his people, As one of the tribes of Israel.
KJV
Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.
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This verse in Genesis 49
Commentary
9 notes on this verseDan shall judge - Dan, whose name signifies judgment, was the eldest of Jacob’s sons by Bilhah, Rachel’s maid, and he is here promised an equal rule with those tribes that sprang from either Leah or Rachel, the legal wives of Jacob. Some Jewish and some Christian writers understand this prophecy of Samson, who sprang from this tribe, and judged, or as the word might be translated avenged, the people of Israel twenty years. See Jdg 13:2; Jdg 15:20.
This site's exposition
Dan shall provide justice for his people
on Genesis 49:16-18
Dan is promised justice, and Samson the Danite is the judge the history gives. The image turns to a snake by the road and a viper in the path. Verse 18 breaks off the sayings: I await Your salvation, O LORD, the first time the word salvation stands in Scripture.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers4 voices
If one from Dan judges his people, how much more will that one from Judah, to whom the kingdom belongs, judge all the nations?
Hipp. The Lord is represented to us as a horseman; and the "heel" points us to the "last times." And His "falling" denotes His death; as it is written in the Gospel: "Behold, this (child) is set for the fall and rising again of many." We take the "robber" to be the traitor. Nor was there any other traitor to the Lord save the (Jewish) people. "Shall rob him," i.e., shall plot against him. At the heels: that refers to the help of the Lord against those who lie in wait against Him. And again, the words "at the heels" denote that the Lord will take vengeance swiftly. He shall be well armed in the foot (heel), and shall overtake and rob the robber's troop. Aquila. "Girded, he shall gird himself; "that means that as a man of arms and war he shall arm himself. "And he shall be armed in the heel: "he means this rather, that Gad shall follow behind his brethren in arms. For though his lot was beyond Jordan, yet they (the men of that tribe) were enjoined to follow their brethren in arms until they too got their lots. Or perhaps he meant this, that Gad's tribesmen were to live in the mummer of robbers, and that he was to take up a confederacy of freebooters, which is just a "robber's troop," and to follow them, practising piracy, which is robbery, along with them. Whereas, on the abolition of the shadow in the law, and the introduction of the worship in spirit and truth, the world had need of greater light, at last, with this object, the inspired disciples were called, and put in possession of the lot of the teachers of the law. For thus did God speak with regard to the mother of the Jews-that is to say, Jerusalem-by the voice of the Psalmist: "Instead of thy fathers were thy sons; " that is, to those called thy sons was given the position of fathers.
The simple meaning of this is that Dan also gave a judge to Israel. For after Joshua, judges were appointed for the people from the various tribes. Indeed, Samson was also from the tribe of Dan, and he judged Israel for twenty years. But this prophecy does not signify him, but the Antichrist who will come from the tribe of Dan, a fierce judge, and a monstrous tyrant, will judge his people. Like a serpent on the road, sitting in the path, he will try to overthrow those who walk in the way of truth, desiring to supplant the truth. This is indeed biting the horse's heel, so that the horse, wounded and poisoned by the serpent's bite, may lift its heel; just as Judas the betrayer, tempted by the devil, lifted his heel against the Lord Jesus, in order to overthrow the horseman, who threw himself down to lift everyone.
(Verses 16 and following.) And he shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel. Let Dan be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward: thy salvation, O Lord, I will wait for.
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
Daniel shall judge his people - Though Daniel was one of the sons of the concubines, yet he shall be a tribe governed by Judges of his own as well as other tribes; and shall by art and policy, and surprise, gain advantages against his enemies, like a serpent suddenly biting the heel of the traveler.
2 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
Dan shall judge his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
What is said concerning Dan has reference either, 1. To that tribe in general, that though Dan was one of the sons of the concubines yet he should be a tribe governed by judges of his own as well as other tribes, and should, by art, and policy, and surprise, gain advantages against his enemies, like a serpent suddenly biting the heel of the traveller.
The words behind it
6 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| דָּ֖ן | dan | Dan | H1835 → | 70 times |
| יָדִ֣ין | yadin | he will judge | H1777 → | 24 times |
| עַמּ֑וֹ | amo | people his | H5971 → | 1873 times |
| כְּאַחַ֖ד | keachad | like one of | H259 → | 971 times |
| שִׁבְטֵ֥י | shivtei | [the] tribes of | H7626 → | 190 times |
| יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ | yisrael | Israel | H3478 → | 2507 times |
דָּ֖ןDan
danH1835 →70 times
יָדִ֣יןhe will judge
yadinH1777 →24 times
עַמּ֑וֹpeople his
amoH5971 →1873 times
כְּאַחַ֖דlike one of
keachadH259 →971 times
שִׁבְטֵ֥י[the] tribes of
shivteiH7626 →190 times
יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃Israel
yisraelH3478 →2507 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Genesis 30:6Then Rachel said, “God has vindicated me; He has heard my plea and given me a son.” So she named him Dan.
it leads to
- Lamentations 3:59
You have seen, O LORD, the wrong done to me; vindicate my cause!
- Psalms 43:1
Vindicate me, O God, and plead my case against an ungodly nation; deliver me from deceitful and unjust men.
- Psalms 35:24
Vindicate me by Your righteousness, O LORD my God, and do not let them gloat over me.
- Genesis 49:16–17
Dan shall provide justice for his people as one of the tribes of Israel.
- Lamentations 3:59
Through
Numbers 10:25Finally, the divisions of the camp of Dan set out under their standard, serving as the rear guard for all units, with Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai in command.
it leads to
- Joshua 6:9
While the horns continued to sound, the armed troops marched ahead of the priests who blew the horns, and the rear guard followed the ark.
- Joshua 6:9
Through
Judges 15:20And Samson judged Israel for twenty years in the days of the Philistines.
it leads to
- Judges 13:1
Again the Israelites did evil in the sight of the LORD, so He delivered them into the hand of the Philistines for forty years.
- Judges 16:31
Then Samson’s brothers and his father’s family came down, carried him back, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the tomb of his father Manoah. And he had judged Israel twenty years.
- Judges 13:1
Through
Deuteronomy 33:22Concerning Dan he said: “Dan is a lion’s cub, leaping out of Bashan.”
it leads to
- Judges 18:27
After they had taken Micah’s idols and his priest, they went to Laish, to a tranquil and unsuspecting people, and they struck them with their swords and burned down the city.
- Judges 18:27
Where this verse is studied
On this page
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On this verse
About Genesis

Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 9 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Ambrose of Milan, On the Blessings of the Patriarchs; Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 43:6; Hippolytus of Rome, Hippolytus Exegetical Fragments; Jerome, Hebrew Questions on Genesis; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.
