Joshuachapter 9
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Original Language
Joshua 9— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Moldy bread and worn shoes: the Gibeonite ruse1
Joshua 9:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִ֣יvayhiand it wasH1961כִשְׁמֹ֣עַkhishmoa'when heardH8085כָּֽל־kal-allH3605הַמְּלָכִ֡יםhamelakhimthe kingsH4428אֲשֶׁר֩ʾasherwhoH834בְּעֵ֨בֶרbeever[were] on [the] other side ofH5676הַיַּרְדֵּ֜ןhaiyardenthe JordanH3383בָּהָ֣רbaharin the hill countryH2022וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֗הuvashefelahand in the ShephelahH8219וּבְכֹל֙uvekholand in allH3605ח֚וֹףchof[the] coast ofH2348הַיָּ֣םhaiyamthe seaH3220הַגָּד֔וֹלhagadol<the> greatH1419אֶל־ʾel-toH413מ֖וּלmul[the] front ofH4136הַלְּבָנ֑וֹןhalevanon<the> LebanonH3844הַֽחִתִּי֙hachitithe Hittite[s]H2850וְהָ֣אֱמֹרִ֔יvehaemoriand the Amorite[s]H567הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙hakenaanithe Canaanite[s]H3669הַפְּרִזִּ֔יhaperizithe Perizzite[s]H6522הַחִוִּ֖יhachivithe Hivite[s]H2340וְהַיְבוּסִֽי׃vehayvusiand the Jebusite[s]H2983
Joshua 9:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Joshua 9:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Joshua 9:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּעֲשׂ֤וּvaiyaasuand they actedH6213גַם־gam-alsoH1571הֵ֙מָּה֙hemahtheyH1992בְּעָרְמָ֔הbearemahwith cunningH6195וַיֵּלְכ֖וּvaiyelekhuand they wentH1980וַיִּצְטַיָּ֑רוּvaiyitztaiyaruand they acted as ambassadorsH6737וַיִּקְח֞וּvaiyikchuand they tookH3947שַׂקִּ֤יםsakimsacksH8242בָּלִים֙balimworn outH1087לַחֲמ֣וֹרֵיהֶ֔םlachamoreihemfor donkeys theirH2543וְנֹאד֥וֹתvenodotand skin-bottles ofH4997יַ֙יִן֙yayinwineH3196בָּלִ֔יםbalimworn outH1087וּמְבֻקָּעִ֖יםumevukaimand splitH1234וּמְצֹרָרִֽים׃umetzorarimand tied upH6887
Joshua 9:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וּנְעָל֨וֹתunealotand sandalsH5275בָּל֤וֹתbalotworn outH1087וּמְטֻלָּאוֹת֙umetulaotand patchedH2921בְּרַגְלֵיהֶ֔םberagleihem[were] on feet theirH7272וּשְׂלָמ֥וֹתuselamotand garmentsH8008בָּל֖וֹתbalotworn outH1087עֲלֵיהֶ֑םʾaleihem[were] on themH5921וְכֹל֙vekholand allH3605לֶ֣חֶםlechem[the] bread ofH3899צֵידָ֔םtzeidamprovision[s] theirH6718יָבֵ֖שׁyaveshit was dried upH3001הָיָ֥הhayahit wasH1961נִקֻּדִֽים׃nikudimcrumbsH5350
Joshua 9:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֵּלְכ֧וּvaiyelekhuand they wentH1980אֶל־ʾel-toH413יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הhamachanehthe campH4264הַגִּלְגָּ֑לhagilgal<the> GilgalH1537וַיֹּאמְר֨וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלָ֜יוʾelavto himH413וְאֶל־veel-and toH413אִ֣ישׁʾish[the] man ofH376יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לyisraelIsraelH3478מֵאֶ֤רֶץmeeretzfrom a landH776רְחוֹקָה֙rechokahdistantH7350בָּ֔אנוּbanuwe have comeH935וְעַתָּ֖הveatahand thereforeH6258כִּרְתוּ־kirtu-makeH3772לָ֥נוּlanuto <the> usבְרִֽית׃verita covenantH1285
Joshua 9:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרvaiyomeruand he saidH559אִֽישׁ־ʾish-[the] man ofH376יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לyisraelIsraelH3478אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַחִוִּ֑יhachivithe Hivite[s]H2340אוּלַ֗יʾulaiperhapsH194בְּקִרְבִּי֙bekirbiin midst myH7130אַתָּ֣הʾatahyouH859יוֹשֵׁ֔בyoshev[are] dwellingH3427וְאֵ֖יךְveeikhand how?H349אֶֽכְרָתʾekhrot-will I makeH3772לְךָ֥lekhato <the> youבְרִֽית׃verita covenantH1285
Joshua 9:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֥וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֶל־ʾel-toH413יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091עֲבָדֶ֣יךָʾavadeikha[are] servants yourH5650אֲנָ֑חְנוּʾanachenuweH587וַיֹּ֨אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559אֲלֵהֶ֧םʾalehemto themH413יְהוֹשֻׁ֛עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091מִ֥יmiwho?H4310אַתֶּ֖םʾatem[are] youH859וּמֵאַ֥יִןumeayinand from where?H370תָּבֹֽאוּ׃tavoudo you comeH935
Joshua 9:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלָ֗יוʾelavto himH413מֵאֶ֨רֶץmeeretzfrom a landH776רְחוֹקָ֤הrechokahdistantH7350מְאֹד֙meodveryH3966בָּ֣אוּbauthey have comeH935עֲבָדֶ֔יךָʾavadeikhaservants yourH5650לְשֵׁ֖םleshemto [the] name ofH8034יְהוָ֣הyahwehYahwehH3068אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָʾeloheikhaGod yourH430כִּֽי־ki-forH3588שָׁמַ֣עְנוּshama'nuwe have heardH8085שָׁמְע֔וֹshameo[the] report of himH8089וְאֵ֛תveetand <obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherthatH834עָשָׂ֖הʾasahhe didH6213בְּמִצְרָֽיִם׃bemitzrayimin EgyptH4714
Joshua 9:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְאֵ֣ת׀veetand <obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherthatH834עָשָׂ֗הʾasahhe didH6213לִשְׁנֵי֙lishneito [the] twoH8147מַלְכֵ֣יmalkhei[the] kings ofH4428הָאֱמֹרִ֔יhaemorithe Amorite[s]H567אֲשֶׁ֖רʾasherwhoH834בְּעֵ֣בֶרbeever[were] on [the] other side ofH5676הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ןhaiyardenthe JordanH3383לְסִיחוֹן֙lesichonto SihonH5511מֶ֣לֶךְmelekh[the] king ofH4428חֶשְׁבּ֔וֹןcheshbonHeshbonH2809וּלְע֥וֹגuleogand to OgH5747מֶֽלֶךְ־melekh-[the] king ofH4428הַבָּשָׁ֖ןhabashan<the> BashanH1316אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhoH834בְּעַשְׁתָּרֽוֹת׃beashtarot[was] in AshtarothH6252
Joshua 9:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֵלֵ֡ינוּʾeleinuto usH413זְֽקֵינֵינוּ֩zekeineinuelders ourH2205וְכָל־vekholand allH3605יֹשְׁבֵ֨יyoshevei[the] inhabitants ofH3427אַרְצֵ֜נוּʾartzenuland ourH776לֵאמֹ֗רlemor<to> sayingH559קְח֨וּkechutakeH3947בְיֶדְכֶ֤םveyedkhemin hand yourH3027צֵידָה֙tzeidahprovision[s]H6720לַדֶּ֔רֶךְladerekhfor the journeyH1870וּלְכ֖וּulekhuand goH1980לִקְרָאתָ֑םlikratamto meet themH7122וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֤םvaamartemand you will sayH559אֲלֵיהֶם֙ʾaleihemto themH413עַבְדֵיכֶ֣םʾavdeikhem[are] servants yourH5650אֲנַ֔חְנוּʾanachnuweH587וְעַתָּ֖הveatahand thereforeH6258כִּרְתוּ־kirtu-makeH3772לָ֥נוּlanuto <the> usבְרִֽית׃verita covenantH1285
Joshua 9:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
זֶ֣ה׀zehthisH2088לַחְמֵ֗נוּlachmenubread ourH3899חָ֞םchamwarmH2525הִצְטַיַּ֤דְנוּhitztaiyadnuwe took as our provisionsH6679אֹתוֹ֙ʾoto<obj.> itH853מִבָּ֣תֵּ֔ינוּmibateinufrom homes ourH1004בְּי֥וֹםbeyomon [the] dayH3117צֵאתֵ֖נוּtzetenucame out weH3318לָלֶ֣כֶתlalekhetto comeH1980אֲלֵיכֶ֑םʾaleikhemto youH413וְעַתָּה֙veatahand nowH6258הִנֵּ֣הhinehhere!H2009יָבֵ֔שׁyaveshit has dried upH3001וְהָיָ֖הvehayahand it has beenH1961נִקֻּדִֽים׃nikudimcrumbsH5350
Joshua 9:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְאֵ֨לֶּהveelehand theseH428נֹאד֤וֹתnodot[the] skin-bottles ofH4997הַיַּ֙יִן֙haiyayin<the> wineH3196אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhichH834מִלֵּ֣אנוּmilenuwe filledH4390חֲדָשִׁ֔יםchadashimnewH2319וְהִנֵּ֖הvehinehand here!H2009הִתְבַּקָּ֑עוּhitbakauthey have splitH1234וְאֵ֤לֶּהveelehand theseH428שַׂלְמוֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙salmoteinugarments ourH8008וּנְעָלֵ֔ינוּunealeinuand sandals ourH5275בָּל֕וּbaluthey have worn outH1086מֵרֹ֥בmerofrom [the] greatness ofH7230הַדֶּ֖רֶךְhaderekhthe journeyH1870מְאֹֽד׃meodveryH3966
Joshua 9:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְח֥וּvaiyikchuand they tookH3947הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֖יםhaanashimthe menH582מִצֵּידָ֑םmitzeidamsome of provision[s] theirH6718וְאֶת־veetand <obj.>H853פִּ֥יpi[the] mouth ofH6310יְהוָ֖הyahwehYahwehH3068לֹ֥אlo'notH3808שָׁאָֽלוּ׃shaaluthey askedH7592
Rashi on Joshua 9:14
And the men took of their provisions. They accepted their words. They trapped them with their mouths, 10 The men of Yisroel were taken in by their trick. as it is said, “But if he did not set an ambush.” 11 Shemos:13.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997
Joshua 9:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּ֨עַשׂvaiyaasand he madeH6213לָהֶ֤םlahemto <the> themיְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙yehoshua'JoshuaH3091שָׁל֔וֹםshalompeaceH7965וַיִּכְרֹ֥תvaiyikhrotand he madeH3772לָהֶ֛םlahemto <the> themבְּרִ֖יתberita covenantH1285לְחַיּוֹתָ֑םlechaiyotamto let live themH2421וַיִּשָּׁבְע֣וּvaiyishaveuand they swore an oathH7650לָהֶ֔םlahemto <the> themנְשִׂיאֵ֖יnesiei[the] leaders ofH5387הָעֵדָֽה׃haedahthe congregationH5712
The fraud found out, the oath still binding16
Joshua 9:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִ֗יvayhiand it wasH1961מִקְצֵה֙miktzehfrom [the] end ofH7097שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתsheloshetthreeH7969יָמִ֔יםyamimdaysH3117אַחֲרֵ֕יʾachareiafterH310אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-thatH834כָּרְת֥וּkaretuthey had madeH3772לָהֶ֖םlahemto <the> themבְּרִ֑יתberita covenantH1285וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֗וּvaiyishmeuand they heardH8085כִּי־ki-thatH3588קְרֹבִ֥יםkerovim[were] nearH7138הֵם֙hemtheyH1992אֵלָ֔יוʾelavto himH413וּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹuvekirboand in midst hisH7130הֵ֥םhemtheyH1992יֹשְׁבִֽים׃yoshevim[were] dwellingH3427
Joshua 9:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּסְע֣וּvaiyisuand they set outH5265בְנֵֽי־venei-[the] people ofH1121יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לyisraelIsraelH3478וַיָּבֹ֛אוּvaiyavouand they cameH935אֶל־ʾel-toH413עָרֵיהֶ֖םʾareihemcities theirH5892בַּיּ֣וֹםbaiyomon the dayH3117הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑יhashelishi<the> thirdH7992וְעָרֵיהֶם֙veareihemand cities theirH5892גִּבְע֣וֹןgivon[were] GibeonH1391וְהַכְּפִירָ֔הvehakefirahand <the> KephirahH3716וּבְאֵר֖וֹתuveerotand BeerothH881וְקִרְיַ֥תvekiryatand KiriathH7157יְעָרִֽים׃yearimJearimH7157
Joshua 9:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְלֹ֤אvelo'and notH3808הִכּוּם֙hikumthey attacked themH5221בְּנֵ֣יbenei[the] people ofH1121יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לyisraelIsraelH3478כִּֽי־ki-forH3588נִשְׁבְּע֤וּnishbeuthey had sworn an oathH7650לָהֶם֙lahemto <the> themנְשִׂיאֵ֣יnesiei[the] leaders ofH5387הָֽעֵדָ֔הhaedahthe congregationH5712בַּֽיהוָ֖הbayahwehby YahwehH3068אֱלֹהֵ֣יʾelohei[the] God ofH430יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyisraelIsraelH3478וַיִּלֹּ֥נוּvaiyilonuand they grumbledH3885כָל־khol-allH3605הָעֵדָ֖הhaedahthe congregationH5712עַל־ʾal-onH5921הַנְּשִׂיאִֽים׃hanesiimthe leadersH5387
Joshua 9:19· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֤וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559כָל־khol-allH3605הַנְּשִׂיאִים֙hanesiimthe leadersH5387אֶל־ʾel-toH413כָּל־kol-allH3605הָ֣עֵדָ֔הhaedahthe congregationH5712אֲנַ֙חְנוּ֙ʾanachnuweH587נִשְׁבַּ֣עְנוּnishba'nuwe have sworn an oathH7650לָהֶ֔םlahemto <the> themבַּֽיהוָ֖הbayahwehby YahwehH3068אֱלֹהֵ֣יʾelohei[the] God ofH430יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לyisraelIsraelH3478וְעַתָּ֕הveatahand thereforeH6258לֹ֥אlo'notH3808נוּכַ֖לnukhalwe are ableH3201לִנְגֹּ֥עַlingoa'to touchH5060בָּהֶֽם׃bahem<in> <the> them
Joshua 9:20· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
זֹ֛אתzotthisH2063נַעֲשֶׂ֥הnaasehwe will doH6213לָהֶ֖םlahemto <the> themוְהַחֲיֵ֣הvehachayehand we will let liveH2421אוֹתָ֑םʾotam<obj.> themH853וְלֹֽא־velo'-and notH3808יִֽהְיֶ֤הyihyehit will beH1961עָלֵ֙ינוּ֙ʾaleinutowards usH5921קֶ֔צֶףketzefwrathH7110עַל־ʾal-onH5921הַשְּׁבוּעָ֖הhashevuahthe oathH7621אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834נִשְׁבַּ֥עְנוּnishba'nuwe sworeH7650לָהֶֽם׃lahemto <the> them
Joshua 9:21· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּאמְר֧וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559אֲלֵיהֶ֛םʾaleihemto themH413הַנְּשִׂיאִ֖יםhanesiimthe leadersH5387יִֽחְי֑וּyichyulet them liveH2421וַ֠יִּֽהְיוּvaiyihyuand they wereH1961חֹטְבֵ֨יchoteveicutters ofH2404עֵצִ֤יםʾetzimwood<s>H6086וְשֹֽׁאֲבֵי־veshoavei-and drawers ofH7579מַ֙יִם֙mayimwaterH4325לְכָל־lekholfor allH3605הָ֣עֵדָ֔הhaedahthe congregationH5712כַּאֲשֶׁ֛רkaasherjust asH834דִּבְּר֥וּdiberuthey had spokenH1696לָהֶ֖םlahemto <the> themהַנְּשִׂיאִֽים׃hanesiimthe leadersH5387
Hewers of wood and drawers of water22
Joshua 9:22· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּקְרָ֤אvaiyikra'and he summonedH7121לָהֶם֙lahem<to> <the> themיְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091וַיְדַבֵּ֥רvaydaberand he spokeH1696אֲלֵיהֶ֖םʾaleihemto themH413לֵאמֹ֑רlemor<to> sayingH559לָמָּה֩lamah<to> why?H4100רִמִּיתֶ֨םrimitemdid you deceiveH7411אֹתָ֜נוּʾotanu<obj.> usH853לֵאמֹ֗רlemor<to> sayingH559רְחוֹקִ֨יםrechokim[are] distantH7350אֲנַ֤חְנוּʾanachnuweH587מִכֶּם֙mikemfrom <the> youמְאֹ֔דmeodveryH3966וְאַתֶּ֖םveatemand youH859בְּקִרְבֵּ֥נוּbekirbenuin midst ourH7130יֹשְׁבִֽים׃yoshevim[are] dwellingH3427
Joshua 9:23· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְעַתָּ֖הveatahand thereforeH6258אֲרוּרִ֣יםʾarurim[are] cursedH779אַתֶּ֑םʾatemyouH859וְלֹֽא־velo'-and notH3808יִכָּרֵ֨תyikarethe will be cut offH3772מִכֶּ֜םmikemfrom <the> youעֶ֗בֶדʾeveda slaveH5650וְחֹטְבֵ֥יvechoteveiand cutters ofH2404עֵצִ֛יםʾetzimwood<s>H6086וְשֹֽׁאֲבֵי־veshoavei-and drawers ofH7579מַ֖יִםmayimwaterH4325לְבֵ֥יתleveitfor [the] house ofH1004אֱלֹהָֽי׃ʾelohaiGod myH430
Joshua 9:24· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיַּעֲנ֨וּvaiyaanuand they answeredH6030אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091וַיֹּאמְר֗וּvaiyomeruand they saidH559כִּי֩kithatH3588הֻגֵּ֨דhugedcertainly <to tell>H5046הֻגַּ֤דhugadit was toldH5046לַעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙laavadeikhato servants yourH5650אֵת֩ʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁ֨רʾasherthis:H834צִוָּ֜הtzivahhe had commandedH6680יְהוָ֤הyahwehYahwehH3068אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ʾeloheikhaGod yourH430אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853מֹשֶׁ֣הmoshehMosesH4872עַבְדּ֔וֹavdoservant hisH5650לָתֵ֤תlatetto giveH5414לָכֶם֙lakhemto <the> youאֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605הָאָ֔רֶץhaaretzthe landH776וּלְהַשְׁמִ֛ידulehashmidand to destroyH8045אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605יֹשְׁבֵ֥יyoshevei[the] inhabitants ofH3427הָאָ֖רֶץhaaretzthe landH776מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑םmipeneikhemfrom before youH6440וַנִּירָ֨אvanira'and we were afraidH3372מְאֹ֤דmeodveryH3966לְנַפְשֹׁתֵ֙ינוּ֙lenafshoteinufor lives ourH5315מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔םmipeneikhem<from> because of youH6440וַֽנַּעֲשֵׂ֖הvanaasehand we didH6213אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַדָּבָ֥רhadavarthe thingH1697הַזֶּֽה׃hazeh<the> thisH2088
Joshua 9:25· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Joshua 9:26· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Joshua 9:27· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיִּתְּנֵ֨םvaiyitenemand he made themH5414יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַyehoshua'JoshuaH3091בַּיּ֣וֹםbaiyomon the dayH3117הַה֗וּאhahu'<the> thatH1931חֹטְבֵ֥יchoteveicutters ofH2404עֵצִ֛יםʾetzimwood<s>H6086וְשֹׁ֥אֲבֵיveshoaveiand drawers ofH7579מַ֖יִםmayimwaterH4325לָֽעֵדָ֑הlaedahfor the congregationH5712וּלְמִזְבַּ֤חulemizbachand for [the] altar ofH4196יְהוָה֙yahwehYahwehH3068עַד־ʾad-untilH5704הַיּ֣וֹםhaiyomthe dayH3117הַזֶּ֔הhazeh<the> thisH2088אֶל־ʾel-toH413הַמָּק֖וֹםhamakomthe placeH4725אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhichH834יִבְחָֽר׃ פyivcharhe will chooseH977