2 Chronicleschapter 28
27 verses · KJV2 Chronicles book hub →
Key verse
For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him: and he said, Because the gods of the kings of Syria help them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me. But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel.
It stands in In his distress he trespassed yet more, and shut the doors, verses 22 to 27.
The chapter
Chapter summary
Ahaz is the mirror image. He makes molten images for the Baalim and burns his children in the fire in the valley of the son of Hinnom. Syria and Israel strike him hard, and a hundred and twenty thousand of Judah fall in one day; but when the northern army brings back two hundred thousand captives, Oded the prophet stops them, and the captives are clothed, shod, fed, anointed, and carried on asses back to Jericho. Ahaz appeals to Assyria, and Tilgath-pilneser 'distressed him, and strengthened him not.' He sacrifices to the gods of Damascus that beat him ('they were the ruin of him'), cuts up the temple vessels, and shuts the doors of the house of Jehovah.
Context
History · Ezra · 2 Chronicles overview
The world behind this chapter
2 Chronicles 28The history
Ahaz reigns during the crisis Isaiah walked into with his son at the aqueduct. Aram and the northern kingdom allied against Assyria and tried to force Judah into the coalition, and when Ahaz refused they invaded to replace him. Judah lost catastrophically, and captives were carried toward Damascus and Samaria.
The rest of the history, and what it meant to them
The worship is the worst in the book. He made cast images for the Baals, burned incense in the Valley of Hinnom, the ravine along the south side of Jerusalem, and burned his own children in the fire. The parallel account in Kings uses the softer formula of making a son pass through the fire; Chronicles states it flatly, and the practice is attested among Judah's neighbors.
The scene at Samaria is the surprise of the chapter. A prophet named Oded meets the returning northern army with two hundred thousand captives from Judah and tells them to send them back. Four named leaders of Ephraim stand up and do it: they clothe the naked from the spoil, give them sandals, food and drink, dress their wounds, put the weak on donkeys, and carry them to Jericho. The northern kingdom, at its worst, treats Judah's prisoners better than Judah's king treats Judah.
Ahaz's answer to the crisis is to appeal to Tiglath-pileser of Assyria for help, sending temple and palace treasure as payment. The text's verdict is dry: he helped him not, but distressed him. Assyrian records show exactly what such 'help' meant, a permanent vassal relationship and annual tribute.
Finally he cuts up the temple vessels, shuts the doors of the house of the LORD, and sets up altars in every corner of Jerusalem and high places in every town. The lamps went out.
What it meant to them
This is the exile in miniature, a century early, the doors shut, the vessels cut up, the treasure sent abroad, the children burned. The first hearers knew what came next in the story, because it had come next in their own.
And the Samaritan scene sat there uncomfortably. The people the returned community most distrusted are shown, in their own Scriptures, feeding and clothing Judah's prisoners and carrying the weak home on donkeys.
Sources cited
- K. A. Kitchen, On the Reliability of the Old Testament
- John H. Walton, Victor H. Matthews, and Mark W. Chavalas, The IVP Bible Background Commentary: Old Testament
Where the chapter sits
2 Chronicles 28 falls in Kings of Judah: Rehoboam to Ahaz (chapters 10–28). The divided kingdom narrated from Judah's side only; reform kings (Asa, Jehoshaphat, Joash, Uzziah, Jotham) and evil kings; prophetic interventions unique to Chronicles (Azariah, Hanani, Zechariah son of Jehoiada).
Before it: Solomon's reign, chapters 1–9. After it: Hezekiah to the exile, chapters 29–36.
The whole shape of 2 Chronicles→The structure of this chapter
The heads below are this chapter's scenes. The numbered points under each are its verses.
A. Ahaz burns his own children, and Judah is slaughtered
1. (vv. 1-3)
2 Chronicles 28:1
“Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign,.... These verses are much the same with 2Ki 16:2, only in 2Ch 28:2 it is said, he made also molten images for Baalim; the several Baals or idols of the nations round about, as well as served Jeroboam's calves; see Jdg 2:11, and he is said in 2Ch 28:3, to burn incense in the valley of the son of Hinnom; to Molech, the god of the Ammonites, who was worshipped there. See Gill on 2Ki 16:2, 2Ki 16:3, 2Ki 16:4.”
2 more voices on this verseWhat preachers and commentators have said about this verse, in their own words.
2 Chronicles 28:1
“This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first the symbolic worship established in the sister kingdom, and afterwards the gross idolatry practised by the Canaanites.”
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown· Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)reformed
2 Chronicles 28:1
“This chapter is supplemental in character, The writer seems to assume that the narrative of Kings (marginal reference) is known, and is mainly anxious to add points which the author of that narrative has omitted.”
2 Chronicles 28:2
“Images for Baalim - Or, to serve as Baalim, i. e as representatives of the different forms or characters of the chief Phoenician deity.”
2 Chronicles 28:3
“Burnt his children in the fire - There is a most remarkable addition here in the Chaldee which I shall give at length: “Ahaz burnt his children in the fire; but the Word of the Lord snatched Hezekiah from among them; for it was manifest before the Lord that the three righteous men, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah, were to proceed from him; who should deliver up their bodies that they might be cast into a burning fiery furnace, on account of the great and glorious Name, (יהוה) and from which they should escape.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
like David his father: Ahaz breaks the formula every king before him fit into some degree of good or evil measured against David; verse 1 sets the standard as high as it ever gets, like David his father, and Ahaz falls further under it than any king Chronicles has yet named. The molten images for Baalim put a plural where 2 Kings 16:3 records one act of Baal worship, and verse 3 speaks of his children, plural, passing through the fire in the valley of the son of Hinnom, where Kings names only one son. Chronicles builds its own catalogue of abomination past the Kings account rather than repeating it, naming the valley Josiah will later defile in 2 Kings 23:10.
2. (vv. 4-6)
2 Chronicles 28:4
“He sacrificed also etc - Compare 2Ki 16:4.”
2 Chronicles 28:5
“The two battles here mentioned, one with Rezin (king of Syria), and the other with Pekah (king of Israel) are additions to the narrative of the writer of Kings (marginal reference “g”). The events of the Syro-Israelite war were probably spread over several years.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:5
“Never was such bloody work made among them since they were a kingdom, and by Israelites too. Ahaz walked in the ways of the kings of Israel, and the king of Israel was the instrument God made use of for his punishment. It is just with God to make those our plagues whom we make our patterns or make ourselves partners with in sin.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:6
“For Pekah son of Remaliah,.... Who was at this time king of Israel: slew in Judah an hundred and twenty thousand in one day, which were all valiant men; a great slaughter to be made at one time, and of valiant men, but not so great as that in 2Ch 13:17, because they had forsaken the Lord God of their fathers; this was not a reason with Pekah for slaying them, he himself being an idolater, but why the Lord suffered them to be slain by him.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:6
“A hundred and twenty thousand - It is very probable that there is a mistake in this number. It is hardly possible that a hundred and twenty thousand men could have been slain in one day; yet all the versions and MSS. agree in this number. The whole people seem to have been given up into the hands of their enemies.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
under every green tree: The high places, hills and green trees of verse 4 spread the idolatry across the land before the military disasters begin. Rezin of Syria and Pekah of Israel both defeat Ahaz in verses 5 and 6, and Chronicles supplies the casualty count Kings never gives, a hundred and twenty thousand valiant men slain by Pekah in one day. The narrator states the cause plainly, because they had forsaken the Lord God of their fathers, so the reader is not left to guess why a two-front defeat fell on a king 2 Kings 16 sums up in one clause about a failed siege.
3. (vv. 7-8)
2 Chronicles 28:7
“And Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim, slew Maaseiah the king's son,.... Who therefore must have escaped being burnt in the valley of Hinnom, or only was caused to pass through the fire there, 2Ch 28:3, and Azrikam the governor of the house; steward or treasurer in the king's house, in the same office as Sheban was, Isa 22:15. and Elkanah that was next to the king: prime minister of state.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:7
“Maaseiah was either an officer called “the king’s son” (compare 1Ki 22:26), or perhaps a son of Jotham, since Ahaz could hardly have had a son old enough to take part in the battle (compare 2Ch 28:1). Elkanah, as “second to the king,” was probably the chief of the royal counselors.”
2 Chronicles 28:8
“They had indeed shed the blood of war in war; we suppose that to be lawful, but it turned into sin to them, because they did it from a bad principle of enmity to their brethren and after a bad manner, with a barbarous fury, a rage reaching up to heaven, that is, that cried to God for vengeance against such bloody men, that delighted in military execution.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
Elkanah that was next to the king: Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim, cuts down three men close to the throne, Maaseiah the king's son, Azrikam who governs the house, and Elkanah who stands next to the king, officials Kings never names. Verse 8 adds a further two hundred thousand captives, women, sons and daughters, taken north to Samaria along with the spoil. Chronicles alone preserves this second catastrophe of the war, setting up the confrontation the very next verse brings.
B. Oded stops the captors: the prisoners clothed, fed, and sent home
1. (vv. 9-11)
2 Chronicles 28:9
“Nothing more is known of this Oded. Compare 2Ch 15:1. He went out before the host - Rather, “He went out to meet the host,” as the same phrase is translated in 2Ch 15:2. A rage that reacheth up to heaven - i. e. not merely an exceedingly great and violent rage, but one that has displeased God.”
2 Chronicles 28:10
“And now ye purpose to keep under the children of Judah and Jerusalem for bondmen and bondwomen unto you,.... As seemed by taking and bringing captive such a number of them, contrary to the law, Lev 25:39. but are there not with you, even with you, sins against the Lord your God? for which they deserved to be chastised as well as their brethren the men of Judah, and might expect it, and especially if they used them in a barbarous manner, and contrary to the will of God.”
2 more voices on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:10
“THIS WAS A HOME STROKE. When the children of Israel had bloodthirsty thoughts towards their brethren of Judah, the prophet very earnestly dissuaded them. “Why deal ye so sternly with your brethren who are in your power, simply because they have sinned. Smite them not too furiously, for are there not with you, even with you, sins against the Lord your God?” How remarkably pertinent is such a question to different nations, to different sects, to different classes among men. We are too apt to look upon the sins of other nations and forget our own.”
2 Chronicles 28:10
"You are sinners, and it ill becomes sinners to be proud; you have carried the day now, but be not secure, the wheel may ere long return upon yourselves, for, if judgment begin thus with those that have the house of God among them, what shall be the end of such as worship the calves?" [2.] To their severity towards their brethren.
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:11
“Now hear me therefore,.... And not only hear, but be obedient: and deliver the captives again, which ye have taken of your brethren; their women, sons and daughters, even all of them, the whole 200,000: for the fierce wrath of God is upon you; hangs over your heads, and will fall upon you, unless you do this.”
whose name was Oded: A prophet named Oded meets the returning army before it reaches Samaria, the Chronicles-only prophet confrontation this thread has carried since Shemaiah in chapter 11. He names the victory itself as sin, a rage that reaches up to heaven, and turns the argument on the victors: are there not with you, even with you, sins against the Lord your God. Spurgeon preached this verse as a rebuke to any nation quick to judge another's sin while carrying its own, and Oded's demand is blunt, deliver the captives again, before the fierce wrath of the Lord falls a second time.
2. (vv. 12-14)
2 Chronicles 28:12
“In this they discovered an obedient regard to the word of God by his prophet and a tender compassion towards their brethren, which was wrought in them by the tender mercy of God; for he regarded the affliction of this poor people, and hears their cry, and made them to be pitied of all those that carried them captive, Ps. cvi.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:13
“And said unto them, ye shall not bring in the captives hither,....”
2 Chronicles 28:14
“So the armed men left the captives and the spoil before the princes and the congregation. Which were come out of Samaria to meet them; such an effect had the word's of the prophet, and the princes, upon them, that they not only left the captives with them, but the spoil, to dispose of, as they thought fit.”
stood up against them that came from the war: Four named leaders of Ephraim, Azariah, Berechiah, Jehizkiah and Amasa, stand against the returning army and repeat Oded's charge as their own confession, our trespass is great, and there is fierce wrath against Israel. Chronicles names them because the book's constant question is whether a man seeks the Lord, and here four men from the north pass that test in the same chapter where Ahaz in Jerusalem fails it. The armed men yield without a further word, leaving captives and spoil before the princes and the whole congregation.
3. (v. 15)
2 Chronicles 28:15
“Jericho, which lies much farther from Samaria than many points of the territory of Judah, was perhaps selected because the captives had been carried off principally from this point; or because there may have been less danger of falling in with portions of Pekah’s army on this than on the direct route.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:15
“It is strange that these princes, who in this instance discovered such a deference to the word of God, and such an influence upon the people, had not so much grace as, in obedience to the calls of God by so many prophets, to root idolatry out of their kingdom, which, soon after this, was the ruin of it.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
clothed all that were naked among them: The named men carry out Oded's word to the letter: they clothe the naked, shoe them, feed them, anoint them, and set the feeble on asses for the road to Jericho, the city of palm trees. Commentators have long set this scene beside the parable of the good Samaritan in Luke 10, a likeness readers draw between mercy on the same Jericho road and captors turned caregivers, though Chronicles states no such comparison itself. Jamieson Fausset and Brown call it a beautiful incident, showing that even in national decline some still kept the law of God.
C. Assyria's help that distressed instead of strengthened
1. (vv. 16-18)
2 Chronicles 28:16
“The kings of Assyria to help him - Instead of מלכי malchey; Kings; the Vulgate, Syriac, Arabic, and Chaldee, one MS., and the parallel place, 2Ki 16:7, have מלך melek, King, in the singular number. This king was Tiglath-pileser, as we learn from the second book of Kings.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
2 Chronicles 28:17
“For again the Edomites had come,.... As in the days of Jehoshaphat, 2Ch 20:10, and smitten Judah, and carried away captives; taking the advantage of the weak and low condition Ahaz was in, and which was the reason of his sending to the king of Assyria.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:17
“The Edomites took advantage of the reverses of Ahaz, and were perhaps in league with Rezin (see 2Ki 16:6 note). The pitilessness of Edom, and her readiness to turn against Judah in any severe distress, is noticed and sternly rebuked by the prophets (Amo 1:11; Eze 35:5; Oba 1:10-14, etc.).”
2 Chronicles 28:18
“Philistia also, eager to retaliate the blows she had received from Uzziah 2Ch 26:6, seized her opportunity. Ajalon and Shocho were among the cities fortified by Rehoboam 2Ch 11:7, 2Ch 11:10; Beth-shemesh Jos 15:10 was famous as the scene of Amaziah’s defeat 2Ch 25:21. Gimzo, which is not elsewhere mentioned in Scripture has been probably identified with the modern Jimzu, a large village about 2 12 miles from Ludd (the ancient Lydda).”
unto the kings of Assyria to help him: Ahaz answers his losses by sending to the kings of Assyria for help, the same appeal 2 Kings 16:7 records with Ahaz's own vassal words, I am thy servant and thy son; Chronicles drops that language and widens the picture of the collapse it caused instead. Edom strikes again, as in Jehoshaphat's day, and the Philistines take whole cities of the low country and the south, Beth-shemesh, Ajalon, Gederoth, Shocho and Timnah among them, a raid list Kings does not carry at all. Judah loses ground on every border at once while its king negotiates away the treasury.
2. (v. 19)
2 Chronicles 28:19
“Ahaz king of Israel - An instance of the lax use of the word “Israel” 2Ch 12:6; 2Ch 21:2. It is simply equivalent to “king of Judah.” He made Judah naked - literally, “he had caused licentiousness in Judah” - i. e. he had allowed Judah to break loose from all restraints of true religion, and to turn to any idolatry that they preferred 2Ch 28:2-4. In this and in the following expression there is implied an apostasy resembling the unfaithfulness of a wife.”
he made Judah naked: Verse 19 supplies the verdict the list of disasters has been building toward: the Lord brought Judah low because of Ahaz, for he made Judah naked. Albert Barnes reads the phrase as covenant language, a licentiousness that breaks a marriage bond, the same figure Israel's prophets use for idolatry. The verse credits every defeat since verse 5 to one cause rather than to bad luck or weak armies.
3. (vv. 20-21)
2 Chronicles 28:20
“And Tilgathpilneser king of Assyria came unto him,.... Not to Jerusalem, but to Damascus, where he made a diversion in his favour, and took that city, and where Ahaz met him, 2Ki 16:9. and distressed him, but strengthened him not; exhausted his treasures, and laid a tribute upon him, but did not help him against the Edomites and Philistines, or recover for him the cities they had taken from him; and, in taking Damascus, he served himself more than Ahaz, and paved the way for seizing upon the ten tribes.”
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:20
Tilgath-pilneser - This form of the name is doubly corrupt. See the properly Hebraized form in 2Ki 15:29. Distressed him, but strengthened him not - This statement, and that at the end of 2Ch 28:21, is supplemental to, and not contradictory of, 2Ki 16:9. Here it is the writer’s object to note that the material assistance rendered by Tiglath-pileser to Ahab, was no real “help” or “strength,” but rather a cause of “distress.”
2 Chronicles 28:21
“But he helped him not - He did him no ultimate service. See the note on 2Ki 16:9. After 2Ki 16:15, the 23d, 24th, and 25th verses are introduced before the 16th, in the Syriac and Arabic, and the 22d verse is wholly wanting in both, though some of the expressions may be found in the twenty-first verse.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
1 more voice on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:21
“It is often found that wicked men themselves have no real affection for those that revolt to them, nor do they care to do them a kindness. A degenerate branch is looked upon, on all sides, as an abominable branch, Isa. xiv.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
distressed him, but strengthened him not: Tiglath-pileser comes, but the outcome contradicts the alliance Ahaz paid for: he distressed him, but strengthened him not, a judgment Chronicles repeats at the end of verse 21 as if the point needs saying twice. Ahaz strips the house of the Lord, his own house, and his princes to buy help that never arrives, the temple's treasures spent on a king who takes the payment and gives nothing back. Where 2 Kings 16 tells what Ahaz built at Damascus, Chronicles tells what the alliance cost and what it failed to buy.
D. In his distress he trespassed yet more, and shut the doors
1. (v. 22)
2 Chronicles 28:22
“And in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the Lord,.... By increasing his idolatries, as appears by what he did, in imitation of what he saw at Damascus, where he had an interview with the king of Assyria, 2Ki 16:10 this is that King Ahaz; that monster of iniquity, than whom there was none worse, nor any so bad, of all the kings of Judah.”
this is that king Ahaz: Verse 22 is the narrator's own sentence passed in the middle of the account: in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the Lord, this is that king Ahaz. The demonstrative singles him out by name a second time in one verse, a construction Chronicles uses for no other king, marking Ahaz as the standard the worst can be measured against. John Gill calls him that monster of iniquity, than whom there was none worse of all the kings of Judah.
2. (v. 23)
2 Chronicles 28:23
“His adoption of the Syrian gods, Hadad, Rimmon, and others, as objects of worship, no doubt preceded the destruction of Damascus by the Assyrians 2Ki 16:9. Israel - i. e. “Judah;” so in 2Ch 28:27. Compare 2Ch 28:19.”
2 more voices on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:23
“This sin provoked God to bring judgments upon them, to cut him off in the midst of his days, when he was but thirty-six years old; and it debauched the people so that the reformation of the next reign could not prevail to cure them of their inclination to idolatry, but they retained that root of bitterness till the captivity in Babylon plucked it up.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:23
“I HAVE a little to say about the condition of Judah under Ahaz before I come to personal dealing with souls from this text. God had given to His people a very simple mode of worship. He was the invisible and only living God and they were to worship Him in spirit and in truth. There was to be one altar and that was to be at Jerusalem. But all the rest of the world was given up to idolatry and the Israelites were not a very spiritual people, so, by-and-by, they wanted something to see, some image, some symbol.”
Charles Spurgeon· written before 1892· The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2565: “Ruins” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition)Particular Baptist
the ruin of him, and of all Israel: Ahaz sacrifices to the gods of Damascus because they smote him, reasoning that the gods who help his enemies must be worth his own worship, and the chapter answers him flatly: they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel. The logic he follows, that a rival's victory proves a rival god's power, is the error the prophets spend their careers correcting. Chronicles closes its harshest reign to this point with the theology stated in one sentence rather than left for the reader to infer.
3. (vv. 24-25)
2 Chronicles 28:24
“And gathered together the vessels of the house of God, and cut in pieces the vessels of the house of God,.... And converted them to his own use, sold them, or melted the gold and silver, of which they were, and made money of them, his treasures being exhausted: and shut up the doors of the house of the Lord: that the people might not come and worship there, but on the high places he made: and he made him altars in every corner of Jerusalem; that the priests might sacrifice there, and not in the temple.”
2 more voices on this verse
2 Chronicles 28:24
“Shut up the doors - He caused the Divine worship to be totally suspended; and they continued shut till the beginning of the reign of Hezekiah, one of whose first acts was to reopen them, and thus to restore the Divine worship, 2Ch 29:3.”
Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible (1810-1826)evangelical
2 Chronicles 28:24
“This was worse than the worst of the kings before him had done. (2.) He confronted the altar of God, for he made himself altars in every corner of Jerusalem; so that, as the prophet speaks, they were like heaps in the furrows of the fields, Hos. xii.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:25
“And in every city of Judah he made high places to burn incense unto the gods,.... The gods of Damascus, and other idols; this he did to prevent their coming to Jerusalem to worship.”
shut up the doors of the house of the Lord: Ahaz cuts the vessels of the house of God in pieces and shuts its doors, worship suspended by royal order until Hezekiah reopens them at 2 Chronicles 29:3, a detail Chronicles alone preserves because it alone will narrate the reopening. He multiplies altars in every corner of Jerusalem and a high place in every city of Judah, moving worship out of the one house the law names and into a hundred places of his own choosing. Adam Clarke notes the doors stayed shut through the rest of Ahaz's reign.
4. (vv. 26-27)
2 Chronicles 28:26
“Never surely had a man greater opportunity of doing well than Ahaz had, finding things in a good posture, the kingdom rich and strong and religion established; and yet here we have him in these few verses, 1. Wretchedly corrupted and debauched. He had had a good education given him and a good example set him: but parents cannot give grace to their children.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
2 Chronicles 28:27
“For aught that appears, he died impenitent, and therefore died inglorious; for he was not buried in the sepulchres of the kings. Justly was he thought unworthy to be laid among them who was so unlike them--to be buried with kings who had used his kingly power for the destruction of the church and not for its protection or edification.”
Matthew Henry· Commentary on the Whole Bible (1707-1721)puritan
the book of the kings of Judah and Israel: The regnal formula points to the book of the kings of Judah and Israel and closes the reign the way Chronicles closes every reign, with burial. Ahaz is buried in the city of Jerusalem but not among the sepulchres of the kings, a refusal Chronicles reserves for its worst kings, and Hezekiah his son reigns in his stead. The son who reopens the temple doors his father shut begins his own reign in the very next chapter.
This page carries no textual note on 2 Chronicles 28. Where this site has examined a place the manuscripts differ, the examination is in the manuscripts room. Every place this site examines →
Sources for this chapter
The summary
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory; John Wesley, Notes on the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Complete Commentary.
The exposition
Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Charles Spurgeon, The New Park Street Pulpit, Sermon No. 294: A Home Question; Jamieson Fausset and Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.