Matthew 12:34
in Matthew 12You brood of vipers, how can you who are evil say anything good? For out of the overflow of the heart, the mouth speaks.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
Ye offspring of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
KJV
O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
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This verse in Matthew 12
Commentary
17 notes on this verseO generation of vipers,.... Though they boasted of their being the seed of Abraham, yet their immediate ancestors were no other than vipers, deceitful, hurtful, poisonous creatures; and they were exactly like them: for though they made a fair show in the flesh, and outwardly appeared righteous, yet were inwardly full of the poison of wickedness, envy and malice; and which their pestilential breath, their blasphemy against the Spirit, fully discovered; and gave just cause and reason for so severe a reproof, and such resentment, as here made by Christ. How can ye, being evil, speak good things?
This site's exposition
generation of vipers
on Matthew 12:34-35
O generation of vipers repeats John the Baptist's own charge at 3:7, now spoken by the greater one John announced, and how can ye, being evil, speak good things presses the same tree-and-fruit logic onto speech itself. Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh names the heart, not merely the tongue, as the source under judgment; a good man's treasure and an evil man's treasure each surface in what they say, whether they intend it or not.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers5 voices
A commentator
Desert FathersThe Desert Fathers, Sayings of the Early Christian Monks · Written before 500.
proposed
A brother asked Poemen about the words, 'Do not render evil for evil' (1 Thess. 5:15). He said to him, 'The passions work in four stages: first in the heart, then in the face, third in words, fourth in deeds – and it is in …
(Verse 34.) Brood of vipers, how can you speak good when you are evil? For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks. It reveals that they are a bad tree, producing fruit of blasphemy, which have the seeds of the devil.
"O worst of men," he says, "you have not shrunk from any wickedness of vipers. So it is not surprising that you utter nothing good. For words follow the disposition of the soul. How can you speak good, when you are evil?"
He taught that a corrupt outlook on life arises out of a corrupted nature. He taught that from an evil storehouse nothing can come but what is evil. An account must be rendered to God for every idle, careless and useless word. We are to be condemned or justified by the words we speak. The mercy or the judgment we receive shall depend on the inward conviction we have about the Lord of heavenly glory.
A commentator
John ChrysostomHomily on the Gospel of Matthew 42 · Written in the 5th century.
proposed
Then since He is arguing not for Himself, but for the Spirit, He hath dealt out His reproof even as a torrent, saying, "O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things?" Now this is at once to accuse, and to give demonstration of His own sayings from their case. For behold, saith He, ye being evil trees, cannot bring forth good fruit. I do not then marvel at your talking thus: for ye were both ill nurtured, being of wicked ancestors, and ye have acquired a bad mind. And see how carefully, and without any hold for exception, He hath expressed His accusations: in that He said not, "How can ye speak good things, being a generation of vipers? (for this latter is nothing to the former): but, "How can ye, being evil, speak good things?" But He called them "broods of vipers," because they prided themselves on their forefathers. To signify therefore that they had no advantage thereby, He both casts them out from their relationship to Abraham, and assigns them forefathers of kindred disposition, having stripped them of that ground of illustriousness. "For out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh." Here again He indicates His Godhead, which knew their secrets: and that not for words only, but also for wicked thoughts, they shall suffer punishment; and that He knows it all, as God. And He saith, that it is possible even for men to know these things; for this is a natural consequence, that when wickedness is overflowing within, its words should be poured forth through the lips. So that when thou hearest a man speak wicked words, do not suppose only so much wickedness to be in him as the words display, but conjecture the fountain to be much more abundant; for that which is spoken outwardly, is the superabundance of that which is within. See how vehemently He reprehends them. […]
10 more voices on this verse
The Medieval Church4 voices
Look, He says, you who are evil trees bear evil fruit when you speak ill of Me. And I also, if I were evil, would bring forth evil fruit and not these miracles. He calls them "brood of vipers" because they boasted of Abraham. He …
When you see a speaker of obscenities, know that he does not have in his heart the same quantity of evil that he speaks, but many times more. For it is the excess that spills over, and he who has a hidden treasure displays only …
Or the words, Generation of vipers, may be taken as signifying children, or imitators of the Devil, because they had wilfully spoken against good works, which is of the Devil, and thence follows, Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh. That man speaks out of the abundance of the heart who is not ignorant with what intention his words are uttered; and to declare his meaning more openly He adds, A good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth good things. The treasure of the heart is the intention of the thoughts, by which the Judge judges that work which is produced, so that sometimes though the outward work that is shown seem great, yet because of the carelessness of a cold heart, they receive a little reward from the Lord.
You brood of vipers... This is subsumed under the foregoing in various ways depending on the varying explanations. According to Augustine it is an application to the foregoing thus: It has been said, either make the tree good... But you do evil. You are an …
The Nineteenth Century4 voices
This passage of Scripture contains “things hard to be understood.” The sin against the Holy Ghost in particular has never been fully explained by the most learned divines. It is not difficult to show from Scripture what the sin is not, is difficult to show clearly what it is. We must not be surprised. The Bible would not be the book of God, if it had not deep places here and there, which man have no line to fathom.
This passage of Scripture contains “things hard to be understood.” The sin against the Holy Ghost in particular has never been fully explained by the most learned divines. It is not difficult to show from Scripture what the sin is not, is difficult to show clearly what it is. We must not be surprised. The Bible would not be the book of God, if it had not deep places here and there, which man have no line to fathom. Let us rather thank God that there are lessons of wisdom to be gathered, even out of these verses, which the unlearned may easily understand. Let us gather from them in the first place, that there is nothing too blasphemous for hardened and prejudiced men to say against religion. Our Lord casts out a devil, and at once the Pharisees declare that he does it “by ˆ the prince of devils” This was an absurd charge. Our Lord shows that it was unreasonable to suppose that the devil would help to pull down his own kingdom, and “Satan cast out Satan. But there is nothing too absurd and unreasonable for men to say when they are thoroughly set against religion. The Pharisees are not the only people who have lost sight of logic, good sense and temper when they have attacked the Gospel of Christ. Strange as this charge may sound, it is one that has often been made against the servants of God. Their enemies have been obliged to confess that they are doing a work, and producing an effect on the world. The results of Christian labor stare them in the face and they cannot deny them. What then shall they. They say the very thing that the Pharisees said of our Lord, “It is the devil.” The early heretics used language of this kind about Athanasius, the Roman Catholics spread reports of this sort about Martin Luther. Such things will be said as long as the world stands. We must never be surprised to hear of dreadful charges being made against the best of men, without cause.
O generation of vipers - These are apparently severe words; but they were extremely proper in reference to that execrable people to whom they were addressed: the whole verse is an inference from what was spoken before.
A commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
proposed
O generation of vipers! - Christ here applies the argument which he had suggested in the previous verse. They were a wicked race; like poisonous reptiles, with a corrupt and evil nature. They could not be expected to speak good things - that is, to speak favorably of him and his works. As the bad fruit of a tree was the proper effect of its “nature,” so were their words about him and his works the proper effect of their nature. The “abundance” or fullness of the “heart” produced the words of the lips. “Vipers” are a poisonous kind of serpents, not often a yard long, and about an inch thick, having a flat head. The males have two large teeth, through which a most deadly poison is thrown into the wound made by the bite. They are an emblem of malignity and mischief. These were strong expressions to be used by the meek and lowly Jesus; but they were not the effect of anger and malice; they were a declaration of the true character of the people with whom he was conversing - a declaration most justly deserved. See the notes at Mat 3:7.
Modern Voices2 voices
A commentator
Charles Capps1934–2014
Fear Is Faith in Reverse (Capps Ministries Monthly Teaching) · Written before 2014.
proposed
Jesus seems to be saying it's a two-way street. Whatever is deposited in your heart will produce. Whether it's good or evil, it will eventually come out of your mouth and produce after its kind.
A commentator
GK ChestertonHeretics, Ch. 15: On Smart Novelists and the Smart Set (1905) (1905)
proposed
This new frivolity is inadequate because there is in it no strong sense of an unuttered joy. The men and women who exchange the repartees may not only be hating each other, but hating even themselves. Any one of them might be bankrupt that day, …
The words behind it
17 Greek wordsEvery Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Greek | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| γεννήματα | gennemata | Offspring | G1081 → | 4 times |
| ἐχιδνῶν, | echidnon | of vipers, | G2191 → | 5 times |
| πῶς | pos | how | G4459 → | 103 times |
| δύνασθε | dunasthe | are you able | G1410 → | 207 times |
| ἀγαθὰ | agatha | good things | G18 → | 102 times |
| λαλεῖν | lalein | to speak | G2980 → | 294 times |
| πονηροὶ | poneroi | evil | G4190 → | 78 times |
| ὄντες; | ontes | being? | G1510 → | 2333 times |
| ἐκ | ek | Out of | G1537 → | 911 times |
| γὰρ | gar | for | G1063 → | 1039 times |
| τοῦ | tou | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| περισσεύματος | perisseumatos | overflow | G4051 → | |
| τῆς | tes | of the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| καρδίας | kardias | heart | G2588 → | 156 times |
| τὸ | to | the | G3588 → | 19766 times |
| στόμα | stoma | mouth | G4750 → | 78 times |
| λαλεῖ.¶ | lalei | speaks. | G2980 → | 294 times |
γεννήματαOffspring
gennemataG1081 →4 times
ἐχιδνῶν,of vipers,
echidnonG2191 →5 times
πῶςhow
posG4459 →103 times
δύνασθεare you able
dunastheG1410 →207 times
ἀγαθὰgood things
agathaG18 →102 times
λαλεῖνto speak
laleinG2980 →294 times
πονηροὶevil
poneroiG4190 →78 times
ὄντες;being?
ontesG1510 →2333 times
ἐκOut of
ekG1537 →911 times
γὰρfor
garG1063 →1039 times
τοῦthe
touG3588 →19766 times
περισσεύματοςoverflow
perisseumatosG4051 →
τῆςof the
tesG3588 →19766 times
καρδίαςheart
kardiasG2588 →156 times
τὸthe
toG3588 →19766 times
στόμαmouth
stomaG4750 →78 times
λαλεῖ.¶speaks.
laleiG2980 →294 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Ephesians 4:29Let no unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building up the one in need and bringing grace to those who listen.
it leads to
- Colossians 4:6
Let your speech always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how to answer everyone.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:11
Therefore encourage and build one another up, just as you are already doing.
- Ecclesiastes 10:12
The words of a wise man’s mouth are gracious, but the lips of a fool consume him.
- Proverbs 15:7
The lips of the wise spread knowledge, but not so the hearts of fools.
- Colossians 3:8–9
But now you must put aside all such things as these: anger, rage, malice, slander, and filthy language from your lips.
- Colossians 4:6
Through
Luke 6:45The good man brings good things out of the good treasure of his heart, and the evil man brings evil things out of the evil treasure of his heart. For out of the overflow…
it leads to
- Proverbs 4:23
Guard your heart with all diligence, for from it flow springs of life.
- Matthew 12:34–37
You brood of vipers, how can you who are evil say anything good? For out of the overflow of the heart, the mouth speaks.
- Ephesians 4:29
Let no unwholesome talk come out of your mouths, but only what is helpful for building up the one in need and bringing grace to those who listen.
- Proverbs 4:23
Where this verse is studied
On this page
About Matthew

This page draws on 16 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Charles Capps, Fear Is Faith in Reverse (Capps Ministries Monthly Teaching); Desert Fathers, The Desert Fathers, Sayings of the Early Christian Monks; GK Chesterton, Heretics, Ch. 15: On Smart Novelists and the Smart Set (1905); Hilary of Poitiers, Commentary on Matthew 12.19; J.C. Ryle, Expository Thoughts on the Gospels: Matthew; Jerome, Commentary on Matthew; John Chrysostom, Homily on the Gospel of Matthew 42; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Rabanus Maurus, Catena Aurea by Aquinas; Theodore of Mopsuestia, FRAGMENT 70; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Matthew and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Matthew.
