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Joshua 10:33

in Joshua 10

At that time Horam king of Gezer went to help Lachish, but Joshua struck him down along with his people, leaving no survivors.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

KJV

Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish; and Joshua smote him and his people, until he had left him none remaining.

This verse in Joshua 10

Commentary

7 notes on this verse
Gezer lies on the southern border of the tribe of Ephraim Jos 16:3. It was considerably to the northward of Joshua’s present line of operations, and does not appear to have been captured at this time. He contented himself for the present with repulsing the attack made upon him, killed Horam (compare Jos 12:12), inflicting a severe defeat upon his people, and then continued to pursue his conquests over the confederated kings and their allies in south Canaan.

This site's exposition

moved on from Libnah to Lachish

on Joshua 10:31-33

Lachish alone in the run takes two days, and the account slows for it. Its mound is among the most excavated in the land, and its burn layers are part of the unsettled argument over the conquest’s date. Horam king of Gezer comes to relieve it and loses his army.

This site's exposition

Horam king of Gezer

John Gill suggests Horam came because Lachish had lost its king. Albert Barnes places Gezer on the southern border of Ephraim, at 16:3, well north of Joshua's line of march. He reads the verse as a repulse of Horam's attack, with his death recorded in the king list at 12:12.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

Thus wicked men are often snared in their counsels, and, by opposing God in the way of his judgments, bring them the sooner on their own heads. A general account of the country which was hereby reduced and brought into Israel's hands (

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — unbalanced-parens

Then Horam king of Gezer came up to help Lachish,.... Perhaps the rather induced to it, because it had no king to defend it.

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

that day Joshua took Makkedah--In this and the following verses is described the rapid succession of victory and extermination which swept the whole of southern Palestine into the hands of Israel. "All these kings and their land did Joshua take at one time, because the Lord God of Israel fought for Israel.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase+odd-straight-quotes

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Horam king of Gezer - It is likely that Horam was in a state of alliance with the king of Lachish, and therefore came to his assistance as soon as it appeared that he was likely to be attacked. Joshua probably sent a detachment against him, before he was able to form a junction with the forces of Lachish; and utterly destroyed him and his army. Gezer is supposed to have been situated near Azotus. See 1 Maccabees 16:34. It fell to the tribe of Ephraim, Jos 16:3, but was probably taken afterwards by some of the remnant of the Canaanitish nations; for we find it was given by Pharaoh to his son-in-law Solomon, 1Ki 9:16, which proves that it had got out of the possession of the Israelites previously to the days of Solomon.

The words behind it

17 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • אָ֣זthen

    ʾazH227 →141 times

  • עָלָ֗הhe came up

    ʾalahH5927 →890 times

  • הֹרָם֙Horam

    horamH2036 →

  • מֶ֣לֶךְ[the] king of

    melekhH4428 →2525 times

  • גֶּ֔זֶרGezer

    gezerH1507 →15 times

  • לַעְזֹ֖רto help

    la'zorH5826 →81 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H853 →10935 times

  • לָכִ֑ישׁLachish

    lakhishH3923 →24 times

  • וַיַּכֵּ֤הוּand he attacked him

    vaiyakehuH5221 →499 times

  • יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙Joshua

    yehoshua'H3091 →218 times

  • וְאֶת־and <obj.>

    veetH853 →10935 times

  • עַמּ֔וֹpeople his

    amoH5971 →1873 times

  • עַד־until

    ʾad-H5704 →1261 times

  • בִּלְתִּ֥יnot

    biltiH1115 →112 times

  • הִשְׁאִֽיר־he had left

    hishir-H7604 →133 times

  • ל֖וֹto <the> him

    lo

  • שָׂרִֽיד׃a survivor

    saridH8300 →28 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Joshua 16:10

    But they did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer. So the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites to this day, but they are forced laborers.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 9:16

      Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire, killed the Canaanites who lived in the city, and given it as a dowry to his daughter, Solomon’s wife.

      Reached by 3 separate paths from here.

    • Judges 1:29

      Ephraim also failed to drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer; so the Canaanites continued to dwell among them in Gezer.

    • Deuteronomy 7:1–2

      When the LORD your God brings you into the land that you are entering to possess, and He drives out before you many nations—the Hittites, Girgashites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, seven nations…

    • Joshua 17:13

      However, when the Israelites grew stronger, they put the Canaanites to forced labor; but they failed to drive them out completely.

    • Numbers 33:52–55

      you must drive out before you all the inhabitants of the land, destroy all their carved images and cast idols, and demolish all their high places.

  • Through

    Judges 1:29

    Ephraim also failed to drive out the Canaanites living in Gezer; so the Canaanites continued to dwell among them in Gezer.

    it leads to

    • Joshua 16:10

      But they did not drive out the Canaanites who lived in Gezer. So the Canaanites dwell among the Ephraimites to this day, but they are forced laborers.

  • Through

    1 Chronicles 6:67

    They were given Shechem (a city of refuge) with its pasturelands in the hill country of Ephraim, and Gezer,

    it leads to

    • Joshua 21:21

      From the tribe of Ephraim they were given Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim (a city of refuge for the manslayer), Gezer,

  • Through

    Joshua 16:3

    Then it descended westward to the border of the Japhletites as far as the border of Lower Beth-horon and on to Gezer, and it ended at the Sea.

    it leads to

    • 2 Chronicles 8:5

      He rebuilt Upper and Lower Beth-horon as fortified cities with walls, gates, and bars,

Where this verse is studied

About Joshua

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes on the Old Testament; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: Joshua, Judges, Ruth and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.