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Joshua 10:3

in Joshua 10

Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying,

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Wherefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying,

KJV

Wherefore Adoni–zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying,

This verse in Joshua 10

Commentary

5 notes on this verse
For Hebron, see Gen 13:18. Jarmuth, afterward one of the cities of Judah Jos 15:35, is probably identified with the modern Yarmuk. Lachish was also a city of Judah Jos 15:39, and, like Jarmuth, occupied by Jews after the captivity, Neh. 11:39. It was fortified by Rehoboam after the revolt of the Ten tribes 2Ch 11:9, and seems to have been regarded as one of the safest places of refuge 2Ki 14:

This site's exposition

to Hoham king of Hebron

on Joshua 10:3-5

The five cities, Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish and Eglon, lie in the hills and lowland south of Gibeon. This is the first alliance in the book, so from here Joshua meets armies instead of single towns. All five are called Amorites, and the same five are counted again at 12:10-12.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON JOSHUA 11.2 · Written before 253.

proposed

There is no doubt that when a human soul associates itself with the Word of God, it is immediately going to have enemies, and that those it once considered friends will be changed into adversaries. The soul should not only expect to suffer this from humans, but it should also know that such will likewise be forthcoming from opposing powers and spiritual iniquities.

The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice

Wherefore Adonizedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Hoham king of Hebron - This city was situated in the mountains, southward of Jerusalem, from which it was about thirty miles distant. It fell to the tribe of Judah. Piram king of Jarmuth - There were two cities of this name; one belonged to the tribe of Issachar, see Jos 21:29; that mentioned here fell to the tribe of Judah, see Jos 15:35; it is supposed to have been about eighteen miles distant from Jerusalem. Japhia king of Lachish - This city is celebrated in Scripture; in that city Amaziah was slain by conspirators, 2Ki 14:19. It was besieged by Sennacherib, 2Ki 18:14, 2Ki 18:17; and without effect by the king of Assyria, as we learn from Isa 37:8: it was also besieged by the army of Nebuchadnezzar, see Jer 34:7; it also fell to the lot of Judah, Jos 15:39. Debir king of Eglon - Where this city was situated is very uncertain; but we learn from Jos 15:39, that it fell to the lot of the tribe of Judah.

The words behind it

22 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיִּשְׁלַ֨חand he sent

    vaiyishlachH7971 →845 times

  • אֲדֹנִי־Adoni-

    ʾadoni-H139 →4 times

  • צֶ֜דֶקZedek

    tzedekH139 →4 times

  • מֶ֣לֶךְ[the] king of

    melekhH4428 →2525 times

  • יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗םJerusalem

    yerushalimH3389 →643 times

  • אֶל־to

    ʾel-H413 →5510 times

  • הוֹהָ֣םHoham

    hohamH1944 →

  • מֶֽלֶךְ־[the] king of

    melekh-H4428 →2525 times

  • חֶ֠בְרוֹןHebron

    chevronH2275 →72 times

  • וְאֶל־and to

    veel-H413 →5510 times

  • פִּרְאָ֨םPiram

    piramH6502 →

  • מֶֽלֶךְ־[the] king of

    melekh-H4428 →2525 times

  • יַרְמ֜וּתJarmuth

    yarmutH3412 →7 times

  • וְאֶל־and to

    veel-H413 →5510 times

  • יָפִ֧יעַJaphia

    yafia'H3309 →

  • מֶֽלֶךְ־[the] king of

    melekh-H4428 →2525 times

  • לָכִ֛ישׁLachish

    lakhishH3923 →24 times

  • וְאֶל־and to

    veel-H413 →5510 times

  • דְּבִ֥ירDebir

    devirH1688 →14 times

  • מֶֽלֶךְ־[the] king of

    melekh-H4428 →2525 times

  • עֶגְל֖וֹןEglon

    eglonH5700 →13 times

  • לֵאמֹֽר׃<to> saying

    lemorH559 →5305 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Micah 1:13

    Harness your chariot horses, O dweller of Lachish. You were the beginning of sin to the Daughter of Zion, for the transgressions of Israel were found in you.

    it leads to

    • 2 Chronicles 32:9

      Later, as Sennacherib king of Assyria and all his forces besieged Lachish, he sent his servants to Jerusalem with a message for King Hezekiah of Judah and all the people of Judah who were…

      Reached by 3 separate paths from here.

  • Through

    Genesis 23:2

    She died in Kiriath-arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham went out to mourn and to weep for her.

    it leads to

    • Genesis 23:19

      After this, Abraham buried his wife Sarah in the cave of the field at Machpelah near Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan.

    • Genesis 13:18

      So Abram moved his tent and went to live near the Oaks of Mamre at Hebron, where he built an altar to the LORD.

    • 1 Chronicles 6:57

      So the descendants of Aaron were given Hebron (a city of refuge), Libnah, Jattir, Eshtemoa,

  • Through

    2 Kings 18:17

    Nevertheless, the king of Assyria sent the Tartan, the Rabsaris, and the Rabshakeh, along with a great army, from Lachish to King Hezekiah at Jerusalem. They advanced up to Jerusalem and stationed themselves by…

    it leads to

    • 2 Kings 20:20

      As for the rest of the acts of Hezekiah, along with all his might and how he constructed the pool and the tunnel to bring water into the city, are they not written in…

    • Isaiah 7:3

      Then the LORD said to Isaiah, “Go out with your son Shear-jashub to meet Ahaz at the end of the aqueduct that feeds the upper pool, on the road to the Launderer’s Field,

    • Isaiah 20:1

      Before the year that the chief commander, sent by Sargon king of Assyria, came to Ashdod and attacked and captured it,

  • Through

    2 Samuel 2:11

    And the length of time that David was king in Hebron over the house of Judah was seven years and six months.

    it leads to

    • 1 Kings 2:11

      The length of David’s reign over Israel was forty years—seven years in Hebron and thirty-three years in Jerusalem.

Where this verse is studied

About Joshua

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: Joshua, Judges, Ruth and Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON JOSHUA 11.2.