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Galatians 4:31

in Galatians 4

Therefore, brothers, we are not children of the slave woman, but of the free woman.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

Wherefore, brethren, we are not children of a handmaid, but of the freewoman.

KJV

So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.

This verse in Galatians 4

Commentary

14 notes on this verse
So then, brethren - It follows from all this. Not from the allegory regarded as an argument - for Paul does not use it thus - but from the considerations suggested on the whole subject.

This site's exposition

the son born by the flesh persecuted the son born by the Spirit

on Galatians 4:29-31

Genesis 21:9 and 10 supplies the last piece: the son born by the flesh persecuted the son born by the Spirit. Sarah's demand, Expel the slave woman and her son, becomes the word of Scripture on the inheritance.

This site's exposition

Therefore, brothers

The verse draws the conclusion of the whole allegory. Believers belong to the free woman and share her son's inheritance. The next verse turns this conclusion into a command to stand firm in freedom.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Oecumenius

Commentary on Galatians · Written before 550.

proposed

"Therefore, brothers, we are not children of the bondwoman." If then we are not children of a bondwoman, nor of slaves, how do we submit ourselves to the servitude of the law? We are not, since Hagar is not our example, but of the Jews. …

A commentator

Ambrosiaster

EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS 4.31 · Written before 384.

proposed

We were therefore sons of the slave woman when we were liable for our sins. But, having received the remission of sins from Christ, we have been made free.

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

AGAINST TWO LETTERS OF PELAGIUS 3.12 · Written before 430.

proposed

Let us, therefore, choose whether to call the righteous men of old the children of the bondwoman or of the free. Be it far from us to say, of the bondwoman; therefore if of the free, they pertain to the new testament in the Holy Spirit, whom, as making alive, the apostle opposes to the killing letter. For on what ground do they not belong to the grace of the new testament, from whose words and looks we convict and rebut such most frantic and ungrateful enemies of the same grace as these?

A commentator

John Chrysostom

Homily on Galatians 4 · Written before 407.

proposed

He turns and discusses this on all sides, desiring to prove that what had taken place was no novelty, but had been before typified many ages ago. How then can it be otherwise than absurd for those who had been set apart so long and who had obtained freedom, willingly to subject themselves to the yoke of bondage?

A commentator

Jerome

Commentary on Galatians · Written before 420.

proposed

(Vers. 29-31.) But as then he that was born according to the flesh persecuted him that was born according to the spirit, even so it is now. But what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman. So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free. In this liberty Christ hath made us free.
6 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church2 voices

A commentator

Theophylact of Ohrid

Commentary on Galatians · Written before 1107.

proposed

All of this is directed toward showing that everything that has now happened to us was prefigured many years before. How then, after this, is it not strange, having received freedom so many years before, to voluntarily become slaves again?

A commentator

Thomas Aquinas

Commentary on Galatians · Written before 1274.

proposed

This freedom we obtain from Christ; hence he says, "by the freedom wherewith Christ has made us free": "If therefore the son shall make you free, you shall be free indeed" (Jn 8:36).

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (1755)

Are not children of the bondwoman - Have nothing to do with the servile Mosaic dispensation. But of the free - Being free from the curse and the bond of that law, and from the power of sin and Satan.
So then, brethren,....

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

In Ga 3:29 and Ga 4:7, it was established that we, New Testament believers, are "heirs." If, then, we are heirs, "we are not children of the bond woman (whose son, according to Scripture, was 'not to be heir,' Ga 4:30), but of the free woman (whose son was, according to Scripture, to be heir).

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — odd-straight-quotes

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

So then - We - Jews and Gentiles, who believe on the Lord Jesus, are not children of the bond woman - are not in subjection to the Jewish law, but of the free; and, consequently, are delivered from all its bondage, obligation, and curse. Thus the apostle, from their own Scripture, explained by their own allegory, proves that it is only by Jesus Christ that they can have redemption; and because they have not believed in him, therefore they continue to be in bondage; and that shortly God will deliver them up into a long and grievous captivity: for we may naturally suppose that the apostle has reference to what had been so often foretold by the prophets, and confirmed by Jesus Christ himself; and this was the strongest argument he could use, to show the Galatians their folly and their danger in submitting again to the bondage from which they had escaped, and exposing themselves to the most dreadful calamities of an earthly kind, as well as to the final ruin of their souls. They desired to be under the law; then they must take all the consequences; and these the apostle sets fairly before them. 1. We sometimes pity the Jews, who continue to reject the Gospel. Many who do so have no pity for themselves; for is not the state of a Jew, who systematically rejects Christ, because he does not believe him to be the promised Messiah, infinitely better than his, who, believing every thing that the Scripture teaches concerning Christ, lives under the power and guilt of sin? If the Jews be in a state of nonage, because they believe not the doctrines of Christianity, he is in a worse state than that of infancy who is not born again by the power of the Holy Ghost. Reader, whosoever thou art, lay this to heart. 2. […]

The words behind it

9 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Galatians 5:1

    It is for freedom that Christ has set us free. Stand firm, then, and do not be encumbered once more by a yoke of slavery.

    it leads to

    • 2 Corinthians 3:17

      Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • 1 Peter 2:16

      Live in freedom, but do not use your freedom as a cover-up for evil; live as servants of God.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Galatians 5:13

      For you, brothers, were called to freedom; but do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh. Rather, serve one another in love.

    • Romans 6:14

      For sin shall not be your master, because you are not under law, but under grace.

    • John 8:32–36

      Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.”

  • Through

    John 8:36

    So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.

    it leads to

    • Galatians 5:1

      It is for freedom that Christ has set us free. Stand firm, then, and do not be encumbered once more by a yoke of slavery.

    • Romans 8:2

      For in Christ Jesus the law of the Spirit of life set you free from the law of sin and death.

  • Through

    Galatians 5:13

    For you, brothers, were called to freedom; but do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh. Rather, serve one another in love.

    it leads to

    • 1 Corinthians 9:19

      Though I am free of obligation to anyone, I make myself a slave to everyone, to win as many as possible.

Where this verse is studied

About Galatians

Conversion on the Way to Damascus, Caravaggio, about 1600 to 1601. Public domain.
Conversion on the Way to Damascus, Caravaggio, about 1600 to 1601. Public domain.
This page draws on 16 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrosiaster, EPISTLE TO THE GALATIANS 4.31; Augustine of Hippo, AGAINST TWO LETTERS OF PELAGIUS 3.12; J. B. Lightfoot, Saint Paul's Epistle to the Galatians; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, Commentary on Galatians; John Calvin, Commentary on Galatians; John Chrysostom, Homily on Galatians 4; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, Commentary on Galatians; Theophylact of Ohrid, Commentary on Galatians and Thomas Aquinas, Commentary on Galatians.