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Exodus 10:13

in Exodus 10

So Moses stretched out his staff over the land of Egypt, and throughout that day and night the LORD sent an east wind across the land. By morning the east wind had brought the locusts.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and Jehovah brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all the night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.

KJV

And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt, and the Lord brought an east wind upon the land all that day, and all that night; and when it was morning, the east wind brought the locusts.

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This verse in Exodus 10

Commentary

7 notes on this verse
An east wind - See Exo 10:4. Moses is careful to record the natural and usual cause of the evil, portentous as it was both in extent and in connection with its denouncement.

This site's exposition

Stretch out thine hand over the land of Egypt

on Exodus 10:12-13

The hand is commanded and the rod does the work, the same shepherd's stick handed to Moses at the bush in 4:2, which swallowed the magicians' rods at 7:12 and turned the river at 7:20. The agent is an east wind that blows a full day and a full night, and the same wind blows all night at 14:21 to open the sea. An east wind had blasted the ears of corn in the dream of Genesis 41:6, the dream that brought Israel down into Egypt in the first place.

This site's exposition

the LORD sent an east wind across the land

Moses stretches out his staff, and the LORD drives an east wind over Egypt for a day and a night until it brings the locusts. The text names the means the LORD used as well as the LORD who used them. Albert Barnes observes that Moses takes care to record the natural cause, while the scale and timing of the plague mark it as the work of God.

The record, by era

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

And Moses stretched forth his rod over the land of Egypt,.... His hand, with his rod in it: and the Lord brought an east wind upon the land, all that day and all that night; all that day after he had been driven from Pharaoh, and after he had stretched out his hand with his rod in it over Egypt, which was the seventh of the month Abib, and all the night following.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

The locusts obey the summons, and fly upon the wings of the wind, the east wind, and caterpillars without number, as we are told, Ps. cv. A formidable army of horse and foot might more easily have been resisted than this host of insects. Who then is able to stand before the great God?

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

the Lord brought an east wind--The rod of Moses was again raised, and the locusts came. They are natives of the desert and are only brought by an east wind into Egypt, where they sometimes come in sun-obscuring clouds, destroying in a few days every green blade in the track they traverse.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

The Lord brought an east wind - As locusts abounded in those countries, and particularly in Ethiopia, and more especially at this time of the year, God had no need to create new swarms for this purpose; all that was requisite was to cause such a wind to blow as would bring those which already existed over the land of Egypt. The miracle in this business was the bringing the locusts at the appointed time, and causing the proper wind to blow for that purpose; and then taking them away after a similar manner.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

Kadim (east) is an adjective, since kedemah mizrachah (the east side) is a noun.
Ibn Ezra: Spain, 1089–1167 · Ibn Ezra on Exodus 10:13:1, via Sefaria, Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch, tran. and annot. by H. Norman Strickman and Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub., 1988-2004
2 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
NEITHER AFTER THEM SHALL BE SUCH [LOCUSTS]. Scripture informs us by way of prophecy that after them, there would never be such [locusts].
Ramban: Spain, 1194–1270 · Ramban on Exodus 10:14:1, via Sefaria, Commentary on the Torah by Ramban (Nachmanides). Translated and annotated by Charles B. Chavel. New York, Shilo Pub. House, 1971-1976
Rabbi Moses Ha-Kohen says that ba-arbeh (for the locusts) indicates that Moses placed a locust on the rod.
Ibn Ezra: Spain, 1089–1167 · Ibn Ezra on Exodus 10:12:1, via Sefaria, Ibn Ezra's commentary on the Pentateuch, tran. and annot. by H. Norman Strickman and Arthur M. Silver. Menorah Pub., 1988-2004

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 3 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

24 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיֵּ֨טand he stretched out

    vaiyetH5186 →214 times

  • מֹשֶׁ֣הMoses

    moshehH4872 →765 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H853 →10935 times

  • מַטֵּהוּ֮staff his

    matehuH4294 →252 times

  • עַל־over

    ʾal-H5921 →5755 times

  • אֶ֣רֶץ[the] land of

    ʾeretzH776 →2504 times

  • מִצְרַיִם֒Egypt

    mitzrayimH4714 →641 times

  • וַֽיהוָ֗הand Yahweh

    vayahwehH3068 →6520 times

  • נִהַ֤גhe drove

    nihagH5090 →31 times

  • ר֥וּחַa wind of

    ruachH7307 →378 times

  • קָדִים֙[the] east

    kadimH6921 →69 times

  • בָּאָ֔רֶץin the land

    baaretzH776 →2504 times

  • כָּל־all

    kol-H3605 →5413 times

  • הַיּ֥וֹםthe day

    haiyomH3117 →2304 times

  • הַה֖וּא<the> that

    hahu'H1931 →1879 times

  • וְכָל־and all

    vekholH3605 →5413 times

  • הַלָּ֑יְלָהthe night

    halayelahH3915 →233 times

  • הַבֹּ֣קֶרthe morning

    habokerH1242 →214 times

  • הָיָ֔הit was

    hayahH1961 →3559 times

  • וְר֙וּחַ֙and [the] wind of

    veruachH7307 →378 times

  • הַקָּדִ֔יםthe east

    hakadimH6921 →69 times

  • נָשָׂ֖אit carried

    nasa'H5375 →656 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H853 →10935 times

  • הָאַרְבֶּֽה׃the locust[s]

    haarbehH697 →24 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

Related verses

13 in all, six open

The number beside each verse is how many compiled reference works tie it to this one. The strongest six stand open.

Exodus 7:9“When Pharaoh tells you, ‘Perform a miracle,’ you are to say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh,’ and it will become a serpent.”3 worksMatthew 8:27The men were amazed and asked, “What kind of man is this? Even the winds and the sea obey Him!”2 worksPsalms 107:25–28For He spoke and raised a tempest that lifted the waves of the sea.2 worksPsalms 78:26He stirred the east wind from the heavens and drove the south wind by His might.2 worksPsalms 148:8lightning and hail, snow and clouds, powerful wind fulfilling His word,2 worksPsalms 105:34He spoke, and the locusts came— young locusts without number.2 works
The other 7 cross-references, with their words ▾
Jonah 4:8As the sun was rising, God appointed a scorching east wind, and the sun beat down on Jonah’s head so that he grew faint and wished to die, saying, “It is better for me to die than to live.”2 worksGenesis 41:6After them, seven other heads of grain sprouted, thin and scorched by the east wind.2 worksExodus 14:21Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and all that night the LORD drove back the sea with a strong east wind that turned it into dry land. So the waters were divided,2 worksJonah 1:4Then the LORD hurled a great wind upon the sea, and such a violent storm arose that the ship was in danger of breaking apart.2 worksJeremiah 51:16When He thunders, the waters in the heavens roar; He causes the clouds to rise from the ends of the earth. He generates the lightning with the rain and brings forth the wind from His storehouses.2 worksNumbers 11:31Now a wind sent by the LORD came up, drove in quail from the sea, and brought them near the camp, about two cubits above the surface of the ground, for a day’s journey in every direction around the camp.2 worksPsalms 109:23I am fading away like a lengthening shadow; I am shaken off like a locust.2 works

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Matthew 8:27

    The men were amazed and asked, “What kind of man is this? Even the winds and the sea obey Him!”

    it leads to

    • Mark 7:37

      The people were utterly astonished and said, “He has done all things well! He makes even the deaf hear and the mute speak!”

    • Matthew 14:33

      Then those who were in the boat worshiped Him, saying, “Truly You are the Son of God!”

    • Mark 1:27

      All the people were amazed and began to ask one another, “What is this? A new teaching with authority! He commands even the unclean spirits, and they obey Him!”

    • Mark 6:51

      Then He climbed into the boat with them, and the wind died down. And the disciples were utterly astounded,

    • Matthew 15:31

      The crowd was amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled restored, the lame walking, and the blind seeing. And they glorified the God of Israel.

  • Through

    Psalms 78:26

    He stirred the east wind from the heavens and drove the south wind by His might.

    it leads to

    • Numbers 11:31

      Now a wind sent by the LORD came up, drove in quail from the sea, and brought them near the camp, about two cubits above the surface of the ground, for a day’s journey…

  • Through

    Psalms 148:8

    lightning and hail, snow and clouds, powerful wind fulfilling His word,

    it leads to

  • Through

    Psalms 105:34

    He spoke, and the locusts came— young locusts without number.

    it leads to

    • Exodus 10:12–15

      Then the LORD said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand over the land of Egypt, so that the locusts may swarm over it and devour every plant in the land—everything that the hail has…

About Exodus

The Ninth Plague. Darkness — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
The Ninth Plague. Darkness — Gustave Doré, Doré's English Bible (1866), public domain
Exodus: the study guide →Read Exodus 10 →

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: The Pentateuch and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.

Read on in Exodus 10 →