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1 Samuel 1:14

in 1 Samuel 1

and said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Put away your wine!”

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

KJV

And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

This verse in 1 Samuel 1

Commentary

13 notes on this verse

A commentator

Cyprian

Treatise IV. On the Lord's Prayer 5 · Written before 258.

This Hannah does in the first book of Kings [Samuel], portraying a type of the church, [she] prays to God not with a noisy petition but silently and modestly within the very recesses of her heart. She spoke with a hidden prayer but with manifest faith. She did not speak with the voice but with the heart, because she knew that so the Lord hears, and she effectually obtained what she sought, because she asked with faith.

This site's exposition

As Hannah kept on praying before the LORD

on 1 Samuel 1:12-14

Eli watches her lips move without sound and reads drunkenness into prayer pushed past speech. The priest at Shiloh's own altar cannot tell devotion from wine, an early sign of the failing discernment the coming chapters show in Eli's house. His rebuke, “How long will you be drunk”, falls on the one worshipper in the chapter who is seeking the LORD.

This site's exposition

and said to her, “How long will you be drunk?

Eli speaks to Hannah as to a drunk woman at the temple of the LORD, and John Chrysostom notes that she was taunted by her rival at home and rebuked by the priest here. Matthew Henry admires her restraint, since Eli's own sons were the wicked men of chapter 2. Her reply is gentle.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Caesarius of Arles

SERMON 72.2 · Written before 542.

proposed

As often as we apply ourselves to prayer, dearly beloved, we should above all pray in silence and quiet. If a man wants to pray aloud, he seems to take the fruit of prayer away from those who are standing near him. Only moans and …

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW 6.8 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

For I seek those tears which are shed not for display, but in compunction; those which trickle down secretly and in closets, and in sight of no man, softly and noiselessly; those which arise from a certain depth of mind, those shed in anguish and in sorrow, those which are for God alone; such as were Hannah's, for "her lips moved," it is said, "but her voice was not heard;" however, her tears alone uttered a cry more clear than any trumpet. And because of this, God also opened her womb, and made the hard rock a fruitful field.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON HANNAH 2 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

At home her rival mocked her. She went into the temple, and the priest's boy abused her and the priest upbraided her. She fled the storm at home, entered port and still ran into turbulence. She went to get a remedy, and not only did not get it but received an additional burden of taunts, and the wound instead was opened up again. You are aware, of course, how distressed souls are susceptible to abuse and insult: just as bad wounds cannot stand the slightest contact with the hand but become worse, so too the soul that is disturbed and upset has problems with everything and is stung by a chance remark. The woman, on the contrary, was not like that, even in this case with the boy abusing her. Had the priest been intoxicated, the insults would not have been so surprising; his high rank and heavy responsibility convinced her against her will to keep her composure. But in fact she was not even upset with the priest's boy, and hence she won God's favor even further. Should we too be abused and suffer countless misadventures, let us put up nobly with those who insult us, and we shall thus win greater favor from God.

A commentator

John Chrysostom

HOMILIES ON EPHESIANS 24 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

But observe even after this her deep reverence. "Only her lips moved, but her voice," it saith, "was not heard." And thus does he who would gain his request draw nigh unto God; not consulting his ease, nor gaping, nor lounging, nor scratching his head, nor with utter listlessness. What, was not God able to grant, even without any prayer at all? What, did He not know the woman's desire even before she asked? And yet had He granted it before she asked, then the woman's earnestness would not have been shown, her virtue would not have been made manifest, she would not have gained so great a reward. So that the delay is not the result of envy or of witchcraft, but of providential kindness. When therefore ye hear the Scripture saying, that "the Lord had shut up her womb," and that, "her rival provoked her sore"; consider that it is His intention to prove the woman's seriousness. For, mark, she had a husband devoted to her, for he said, "Am I not better to thee than ten sons?" "And her rival," it saith, "provoked her sore," that is, reproached her, insulted over her. And yet did she never once retaliate, nor utter imprecation against her, nor say, "Avenge me, for my rival reviles me." The other had children, but this woman had her husband's love to make amends. With this at least he even consoled her, saying, "Am not I better to thee than ten sons?" But let us look, again, at the deep wisdom of this woman. "And Eli," it says, "thought she had been drunken." Yet observe what she says to him also, "Nay, count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial, for out of the abundance of my complaint and my provocation have I spoken hitherto." Here is truly the proof of a contrite heart, when we are not angry with those that revile us, when we are not indignant against them, when we reply but in self-defense. […]

A commentator

Cyril of Jerusalem

Catechetical Lectures, Prologue, 14 · Written before 386.

proposed

Let the virgins likewise form a separate band, singing hymns or reading; silently, however, so that while their lips speak, no other's ears may hear what they say. For, "I suffer not a woman to speak in church." Let the married woman imitate them: let her pray and her lips move but her voice not be heard. So shall Samuel come among us: your barren soul, that is to say, shall bring forth the salvation of "God who has heard your prayers." For that is the meaning of "Samuel."
5 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers1 voice

A commentator

Clement of Alexandria

The Stromata Book 7 · Written before 215.

proposed

Prayer is, then, to speak more boldly, converse with God. Though whispering, consequently, and not opening the lips, we speak in silence, yet we cry inwardly. For God hears continually all the inward converse. So also we raise the head and lift the hands to heaven, and set the feet in motion at the closing utterance of the prayer, following the eagerness of the spirit directed towards the intellectual essence; and endeavouring to abstract the body from the earth, along with the discourse, raising the soul aloft, winged with longing for better things, we compel it to advance to the region of holiness, magnanimously despising the chain of the flesh.

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Gregory the Dialogist

Commentary on 1 Kings, Book 1, Chapter 1 · Written before 604.

proposed

29. The wine with which Anna was drunk would have been digested, if the holy Church, overcome by the threats of the Jews, had grown lukewarm from the fervor of preaching. And because they were striving to withdraw from her the understanding of preaching, Anna is commanded to digest the wine for a little while. Did not Eli then command Anna to digest, when the princes of the Jews, having beaten the apostles, ordered them, saying that they should no longer speak in the name of Jesus?

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

Hannah's humble vindication of herself from this crime with which she was charged. She bore it admirably well. She did not retort the charge and upbraid him with the debauchery of his own sons, did not bid him look at home and restrain them, did not tell him how ill it became one in his place thus to abuse a poor sorrowful worshipper at the throne of grace.
And Eli said unto her, how long wilt thou be drunken?....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

This mistaken impression was immediately removed, and, in the words, "God grant," or rather, "will grant," was followed by an invocation which, as Hannah regarded it in the light of a prophecy pointing to the accomplishment of her earnest desire, dispelled her sadness, and filled her with confident hope [1Sa 1:18].

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

Will you be drunk: Until when will you show yourself as if you were drunk; since you move the lips of your mouth, but your words are not heard.
Radak: Provence, 1160–1235 · Radak on I Samuel 1:14:1, via Sefaria, Sefaria Community Translation
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
Eili thought she was drunk. Because they were not accustomed to praying silently.
Rashi: France, 1040–1105 · Rashi on I Samuel 1:13:1, via Sefaria, The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 2 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

10 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he said

    vaiyomerH559 →5305 times

  • אֵלֶ֙יהָ֙to her

    ʾeleihaH413 →5510 times

  • עֵלִ֔יEli

    ʾeliH5941 →33 times

  • עַד־until

    ʾad-H5704 →1261 times

  • מָתַ֖יwhen?

    mataiH4970 →

  • תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑יןwill you be drunk !

    tishtakarinH7937 →

  • הָסִ֥ירִיremove

    hasiriH5493 →299 times

  • אֶת־<obj.>

    ʾet-H853 →10935 times

  • יֵינֵ֖ךְwine your

    yeinekhH3196 →141 times

  • מֵעָלָֽיִךְ׃from with <the> you

    mealayikhH5921 →5755 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Ephesians 4:25

    Therefore each of you must put off falsehood and speak truthfully to his neighbor, for we are all members of one another.

    it leads to

    • Colossians 3:9

      Do not lie to one another, since you have taken off the old self with its practices,

    • Zechariah 8:16

      These are the things you must do: Speak truth to one another, render true and sound judgments in your gates,

    • Proverbs 12:22

      Lying lips are detestable to the LORD, but those who deal faithfully are His delight.

    • Romans 12:5

      so in Christ we who are many are one body, and each member belongs to one another.

    • Ephesians 4:15

      Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will in all things grow up into Christ Himself, who is the head.

  • Through

    Proverbs 4:24

    Put away deception from your mouth; keep your lips from perverse speech.

    it leads to

    • James 1:26

      If anyone considers himself religious and yet does not bridle his tongue, he deceives his heart and his religion is worthless.

    • Proverbs 8:8

      All the words of my mouth are righteous; none are crooked or perverse.

  • Through

    Psalms 62:3

    How long will you threaten a man? Will all of you throw him down like a leaning wall or a tottering fence?

    it leads to

    • Jeremiah 4:14

      Wash the evil from your heart, O Jerusalem, so that you may be saved. How long will you harbor wicked thoughts within you?

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

Where this verse is studied

About 1 Samuel

Anointing of David by Samuel, Félix-Joseph Barrias, 1842, Musée des Beaux-Arts de la ville de Paris. Public domain.
Anointing of David by Samuel, Félix-Joseph Barrias, 1842, Musée des Beaux-Arts de la ville de Paris. Public domain.
This page draws on 13 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Caesarius of Arles, SERMON 72.2; Clement of Alexandria, The Stromata Book 7; Cyprian, Treatise IV. On the Lord's Prayer 5; Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, Prologue, 14; Gregory the Dialogist, Commentary on 1 Kings, Book 1, Chapter 1; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON HANNAH 2; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW 6.8; John Chrysostom, HOMILIES ON EPHESIANS 24; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763) and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.