Judges 3:15
in Judges 3And again they cried out to the LORD, and He raised up Ehud son of Gera, a left-handed Benjamite, as their deliverer. So they sent him with tribute to Eglon king of Moab.
BSB
The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾
ASV
But when the children of Israel cried unto Jehovah, Jehovah raised them up a saviour, Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a man left-handed. And the children of Israel sent tribute by him unto Eglon the king of Moab.
KJV
But when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised them up a deliverer, Ehud the son of Gera, a Benjamite, a man lefthanded: and by him the children of Israel sent a present unto Eglon the king of Moab.
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This verse in Judges 3
Commentary
10 notes on this verseA commentator
Albert Barnes1798–1870
Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869)
But when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord, the Lord raised them up a deliverer - The very same words as are used at Jdg 3:9. See, too, Jdg 2:16, Jdg 2:18, and Neh 9:27. Ehud “the Benjamite” was of the family or house of Gera 2Sa 16:5, the son of Bela, Benjamin’s first-born, born before Jacob’s descent into Egypt Gen 46:21, and then included among “the sons of Benjamin.” The genealogy in 1Ch 8:6 intimates that Ehud (apparently written Abihud in Jdg 3:3) became the head of a separate house. Left-handed - See the margin.
This site's exposition
a left-handed Benjamite, as their deliverer
on Judges 3:15-16
Ehud is "a left-handed Benjamite", and the Hebrew behind left-handed describes a right hand bound or restricted. Benjamin means son of the right hand, the name Jacob gave at Genesis 35:18, so the two facts stand against each other in the original and the English hides it. The sword strapped "to his right thigh" sits where a search of a man carrying tribute would not look.
The record, by era
The Church Fathers3 voices
Let's observe how Ehud, whose name means "praise," discharged his leadership. History teaches us, in its writings about King Eglon, how this most wise Ehud with particular skill and, if I may say, cunning but praiseworthy deception, would kill the tyrant Eglon, whose name means "round" or "circular." It was necessary, then, to have the quality of judges of our people as was this Ehud, whose name means "praise," so to cut through all his rolling motion and circuit of evil ways and to destroy the king of the Moabites. But Moabite is translated as "flow" or "effusion." Who can the ruler or leader of this flowing and dissolute people be seen or understood to be, therefore, other than the word of that philosophy which adjudges pleasure to be the highest good, a philosophy which the word of the gospel, which has been compared to a sword, killed and destroyed? And this prophetic word would become enclosed within their belly and lowest stomach by means of the "ambidextrous" judge's arguments, to extinguish the Moabites by assertion of the truth, enclosing also every sense of perverse doctrine and dull understanding "which extols itself and rises against the spiritual knowledge of Christ," so that by acting thus and by doing battle with the word of God, each judge of the church may also become a praising Ehud, about whom the Lord would say, "Well done, good and faithful servant; you have been faithful over a few, so I will set you over many."
These are the persons, then, who are referred to in holy Scripture as amphoterodexioi—that is, as ambidextrous. Ehud, "who used either hand as if it were his right hand," is described as such in the book of Judges. We shall also be able to possess this quality in a spiritual way if by a good and correct use we put the things which are considered fortunate and right-handed and the things which are called unfortunate and left-handed on the right side, that whatever befalls may become for us, in the words of the apostle, "the arms of righteousness." For we see that our inner man consists in two parts or, as I might say, two hands. No holy person can be without what we call the left hand, but perfect virtue is discerned in the fact that by proper use he turns both into a right hand.
What did you mean by saying, two thousand fall at the side? Naturally, when the right hand is designated and the left is not, the side is named in place of the left hand. It would not be right, certainly, for the just man to have a left hand: "If someone strikes you on the right cheek," counsels the Lord, "turn to him the other also." Notice that he did not say, "the left also," for it is not the left cheek that is offered, but another right cheek.
The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices
The present is called mincha in the original, which is the word used in the law for the offerings that were presented to God to obtain his favour; these the children of Israel had not offered in their season to the God that loved them; and now, to punish them for their neglect, they are laid under a necessity of bringing their offerings to a heathen prince that hated them.
A Benjamite - This tribe was next to Eglon, and doubtless most afflicted by him; and hence God raiseth a deliverer. Left handed - Which is here noted, as a considerable circumstance in the following story.
3 more voices on this verse
The Puritans and the Awakening1 voice
But when the children of Israel cried unto the Lord,....
The Nineteenth Century2 voices
A commentator
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown1802–1910
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
But the original word is rendered in some versions "both-handed," a view countenanced by 1Ch 12:2. by him the children of Israel sent a present unto Eglon the king of Moab--the yearly tribute, which, according to Eastern fashion, would be borne with ostentatious ceremony and offered (Jud 3:18) by several messengers.
Ehud the son of Gera - a man left handed - איש אטר יד ימינו ish itter yad yemino, a man lame in his right hand, and therefore obliged to use his left. The Septuagint render it ανδρα αμφοτεροδεξιον, an ambidexter, a man who could use both hands alike. The Vulgate, qui utraque manu pro dextera utebatur, a man who could use either hand as a right hand, or to whom right and left were equally ready. This is not the sense of the original, but it is the sense in which most interpreters understand it. It is well known that to be an ambidexter was in high repute among the ancients: Hector boasts of it: - Αυταρ εγων εν οιδα μαχας τ ανδροκτασιας τε· Οιδ’ επι δεξια, οιδ’ επ’ αριστερα νωμησαι βων Αζαλεην, το μοι εστι ταλαυρινον πολεμιζειν. Iliad, lib. vii., ver. 237. “But am in arms well practiced; many a Greek Hath bled by me, and I can shift my shield From right to left; reserving to the last Force that suffices for severest toil.” Cowper. Asteropaeus is also represented by Homer as an ambidexter, from which he derives great advantages in fight: - Ὡς φατ’ απειλησας· ὁ δ’ ανεσχετο διος Αχιλλευς Πηλιαδα μελιην· ὁ δ’ ὁμαρτη δουρασιν αμφις Ἡρως Αστεροπαιος, επει περιδεξιος ηε. Iliad, lib. xxi., ver. 161. So threatened he. Then raised Achilles high The Pelian ash: - and his two spears at once Alike, (a practiced warrior), with both hands Asteropaeus hurled.” Cowper. We are informed by Aristotle, that Plato recommended to all soldiers to acquire by study and exercise an equal facility of using both hands. Speaking of Plato, he says: Και την εν τοις πολεμικοισασκεσιν, ὁπως αμφιδεξιοι γινωνται κατα την μελετην, ὡς δεον μη την μεν χρησιμον ειναι ταιν χεροιν, την δε αχρηστον. - De Repub., lib. ii., cap. 12. […]
How the passage was read
What the Jewish commentators add
Whose right arm was immobile. Yonasan renders "A man whose right arm was shrunken." "Gamid" in the Aramaic always indicates something shrunken by disease, "retrait", "shrunk" in old French. He could not utilize his right arm.
1 more on this passage, in their own words ▾
One gomed long. An abridged amoh. 5 The length of the forearm. (Rashbam to Bava Basra,:a). In German, 'daumen lang'. In old French, 'espan courte'.
This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.
Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 4 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.
The words behind it
27 Hebrew wordsEvery Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.
| Hebrew | Sound | Meaning | Word study | In the Bible |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| וַיִּזְעֲק֣וּ | vaiyizaku | and they cried out | H2199 → | 73 times |
| בְנֵֽי־ | venei- | [the] people of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| יִשְׂרָאֵל֮ | yisrael | Israel | H3478 → | 2507 times |
| אֶל־ | ʾel- | to | H413 → | 5510 times |
| יְהוָה֒ | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| וַיָּקֶם֩ | vaiyakem | and he raised up | H6965 → | 628 times |
| יְהוָ֨ה | yahweh | Yahweh | H3068 → | 6520 times |
| לָהֶ֜ם | lahem | for <the> them | ||
| מוֹשִׁ֗יעַ | moshia' | a deliverer | H3467 → | 206 times |
| אֶת־ | ʾet- | <obj.> | H853 → | 10935 times |
| אֵה֤וּד | ʾehud | Ehud | H164 → | 9 times |
| בֶּן־ | ben- | [the] son of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| גֵּרָא֙ | gera' | Gera | H1617 → | |
| בֶּן־ | ben- | [the] Ben- | H1145 → | 15 times |
| הַיְמִינִ֔י | haymini | <the> jaminite | H1145 → | 15 times |
| אִ֥ישׁ | ʾish | a man | H376 → | 1663 times |
| אִטֵּ֖ר | ʾiter | impeded | H334 → | |
| יַד־ | yad- | [the] hand of | H3027 → | 1618 times |
| יְמִינ֑וֹ | yemino | right his | H3225 → | 140 times |
| וַיִּשְׁלְח֨וּ | vaiyishlechu | and they sent | H7971 → | 845 times |
| בְנֵי־ | venei- | [the] people of | H1121 → | 4930 times |
| יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל | yisrael | Israel | H3478 → | 2507 times |
| בְּיָדוֹ֙ | beyado | by hand his | H3027 → | 1618 times |
| מִנְחָ֔ה | minchah | tribute | H4503 → | 211 times |
| לְעֶגְל֖וֹן | leeglon | to Eglon | H5700 → | 13 times |
| מֶ֥לֶךְ | melekh | [the] king of | H4428 → | 2525 times |
| מוֹאָֽב׃ | moav | Moab | H4124 → | 181 times |
וַיִּזְעֲק֣וּand they cried out
vaiyizakuH2199 →73 times
בְנֵֽי־[the] people of
venei-H1121 →4930 times
יִשְׂרָאֵל֮Israel
yisraelH3478 →2507 times
אֶל־to
ʾel-H413 →5510 times
יְהוָה֒Yahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
וַיָּקֶם֩and he raised up
vaiyakemH6965 →628 times
יְהוָ֨הYahweh
yahwehH3068 →6520 times
לָהֶ֜םfor <the> them
lahem
מוֹשִׁ֗יעַa deliverer
moshia'H3467 →206 times
אֶת־<obj.>
ʾet-H853 →10935 times
אֵה֤וּדEhud
ʾehudH164 →9 times
בֶּן־[the] son of
ben-H1121 →4930 times
גֵּרָא֙Gera
gera'H1617 →
בֶּן־[the] Ben-
ben-H1145 →15 times
הַיְמִינִ֔י<the> jaminite
hayminiH1145 →15 times
אִ֥ישׁa man
ʾishH376 →1663 times
אִטֵּ֖רimpeded
ʾiterH334 →
יַד־[the] hand of
yad-H3027 →1618 times
יְמִינ֑וֹright his
yeminoH3225 →140 times
וַיִּשְׁלְח֨וּand they sent
vaiyishlechuH7971 →845 times
בְנֵי־[the] people of
venei-H1121 →4930 times
יִשְׂרָאֵ֤לIsrael
yisraelH3478 →2507 times
בְּיָדוֹ֙by hand his
beyadoH3027 →1618 times
מִנְחָ֔הtribute
minchahH4503 →211 times
לְעֶגְל֖וֹןto Eglon
leeglonH5700 →13 times
מֶ֥לֶךְ[the] king of
melekhH4428 →2525 times
מוֹאָֽב׃Moab
moavH4124 →181 times
A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.
The walk
8 stopsEach card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.
Through
Jeremiah 33:3Call to Me, and I will answer and show you great and unsearchable things you do not know.
it leads to
- Jeremiah 29:12
Then you will call upon Me and come and pray to Me, and I will listen to you.
- Isaiah 65:24
Even before they call, I will answer, and while they are still speaking, I will hear.
- Ephesians 3:20
Now to Him who is able to do immeasurably more than all we ask or imagine, according to His power that is at work within us,
- Isaiah 48:6
You have heard these things; look at them all. Will you not acknowledge them? From now on I will tell you of new things, hidden things unknown to you.
- Psalms 91:15
When he calls out to Me, I will answer him; I will be with him in trouble. I will deliver him and honor him.
- Jeremiah 29:12
Through
Judges 3:9But when the Israelites cried out to the LORD, He raised up Othniel son of Caleb’s younger brother Kenaz as a deliverer to save them.
it leads to
- Judges 4:3
Then the Israelites cried out to the LORD, because Jabin had nine hundred chariots of iron, and he had harshly oppressed the Israelites for twenty years.
Reached by 2 separate paths from here.
- Psalms 22:5
They cried out to You and were set free; they trusted in You and were not disappointed.
- Judges 4:3
Through
Psalms 78:34When He slew them, they would seek Him; they repented and searched for God.
it leads to
- Hosea 5:15
Then I will return to My place until they admit their guilt and seek My face; in their affliction they will earnestly seek Me.”
- Hosea 5:15
Where this verse is studied
On this page
Studies1
About Judges

Who and where
1 name in this verse with a page on the site.
This page draws on 10 works. Open the list of works
This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; Jerome, HOMILIES ON THE PSALMS 20 (Ps 90); John Cassian, CONFERENCE 6.10.1; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: Joshua, Judges, Ruth; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible and Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON JUDGES 4.1.
