Ruthchapter 3
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Original Language
Ruth 3— Hebrew word study · with the Hebrew tradition
How to read a word below: the Hebrewword, then how it sounds, then what it means, then its number in Strong’s concordance, a widely used lookup this site follows (H for Hebrew and Aramaic, G for Greek). Square brackets hold a word the English supplies that the Hebrew does not, angle brackets mark the Hebrew’s own grammatical elements that English renders as separate words, and the mark ס or פ is where the Hebrew manuscripts end a paragraph.
Naomi's plan for the threshing floor1
Ruth 3:1· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֥אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559לָ֖הּlahto <the> herנָעֳמִ֣יnoomiNaomiH5281חֲמוֹתָ֑הּchamotahmother-in-law herH2545בִּתִּ֞יbitiO daughter myH1323הֲלֹ֧אhalo'¿ notH3808אֲבַקֶּשׁ־ʾavakesh-will I seekH1245לָ֛ךְlakhfor <the> youמָנ֖וֹחַmanoacha resting placeH4494אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherthatH834יִֽיטַב־yitav-it will go wellH3190לָֽךְ׃lakhfor <the> you
Ibn Ezra on Ruth 3:1
"A home (מנוח)": For a woman does not have rest until she is married.
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Ruth 3:2· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְעַתָּ֗הveatahand thereforeH6258הֲלֹ֥אhalo'¿ notH3808בֹ֙עַז֙voaz[is] BoazH1162מֹֽדַעְתָּ֔נוּmoda'tanurelative ourH4130אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherwhomH834הָיִ֖יתhayityou wereH1961אֶת־ʾet-withH854נַעֲרוֹתָ֑יוnaarotavfemale servants hisH5291הִנֵּה־hineh-there!H2009ה֗וּאhu'heH1931זֹרֶ֛הzoreh[will be] winnowingH2219אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853גֹּ֥רֶןgoren[the] threshing floor ofH1637הַשְּׂעֹרִ֖יםhaseorimthe barley<s>H8184הַלָּֽיְלָה׃halayelahthis nightH3915
Ruth 3:3· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְרָחַ֣צְתְּ׀verachatztand you will washH7364וָסַ֗כְתְּvasakhtand you will anoint yourselfH5480וְשַׂ֧מְתְּvesamtand you will putH7760שִׂמְלֹתַ֛יִךְsimlotekhgarments yourH8071עָלַ֖יִךְʾalayikhon yourselfH5921וְיָרַ֣דְתְּveyaradtiand you will go downH3381הַגֹּ֑רֶןhagorenthe threshing floorH1637אַל־ʾal-may notH408תִּוָּדְעִ֣יtivadeiyou make yourself knownH3045לָאִ֔ישׁlaishto the manH376עַ֥דʾaduntilH5704כַּלֹּת֖וֹkalotofinishes heH3615לֶאֱכֹ֥לleekholto eatH398וְלִשְׁתּֽוֹת׃velishtotand to drinkH8354
Ruth 3:4· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וִיהִ֣יvihiand let it beH1961בְשָׁכְב֗וֹveshakhevowhen lies down heH7901וְיָדַ֙עַתְּ֙veyadaatand you will take note ofH3045אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853הַמָּקוֹם֙hamakomthe placeH4725אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherwhereH834יִשְׁכַּב־yishkav-he will lie downH7901שָׁ֔םshamthereH8033וּבָ֛אתuvatand you will goH935וְגִלִּ֥יתvegilitand you will uncoverH1540מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יוmargelotavfeet hisH4772וְשָׁכָ֑בְתְּveshakhavetiand you will lie downH7901וְהוּא֙vehu'and heH1931יַגִּ֣ידyagidhe will tellH5046לָ֔ךְlakhto <the> youאֵ֖תʾet<obj.>H853אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasher[that] whichH834תַּעַשִֽׂין׃taasinyou will do !H6213
Ruth 3:5· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Spread thy skirt over thy handmaid6
Ruth 3:6· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
Ruth 3:7· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֨אכַלvaiyokhaland he ateH398בֹּ֤עַזboazBoazH1162וַיֵּשְׁתְּ֙vaiyeshetand he drankH8354וַיִּיטַ֣בvaiyitavand it was goodH3190לִבּ֔וֹliboheart hisH3820וַיָּבֹ֕אvaiyavo'and he wentH935לִשְׁכַּ֖בlishkavto lie downH7901בִּקְצֵ֣הbiktzehat [the] end ofH7097הָעֲרֵמָ֑הhaaremahthe heapH6194וַתָּבֹ֣אvatavo'and she cameH935בַלָּ֔טvalatin <the> secrecyH3909וַתְּגַ֥לvategaland she uncoveredH1540מַרְגְּלֹתָ֖יוmargelotavfeet hisH4772וַתִּשְׁכָּֽב׃vatishkavand she lay downH7901
Ruth 3:8· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיְהִי֙vayhiand it wasH1961בַּחֲצִ֣יbachatziin [the] middle ofH2677הַלַּ֔יְלָהhalaylahthe nightH3915וַיֶּחֱרַ֥דvaiyecheradand he trembledH2729הָאִ֖ישׁhaishthe manH376וַיִּלָּפֵ֑תvaiyilafetand he twistedH3943וְהִנֵּ֣הvehinehand there!H2009אִשָּׁ֔הʾishaha womanH802שֹׁכֶ֖בֶתshokhevet[was] lying downH7901מַרְגְּלֹתָֽיו׃margelotavfeet hisH4772
Ruth 3:9· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559מִי־mi-who?H4310אָ֑תּʾat[are] youH859וַתֹּ֗אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559אָנֹכִי֙ʾanokhiIH595ר֣וּתrut[am] RuthH7327אֲמָתֶ֔ךָʾamatekhamaidservant yourH519וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֤ufarastaand you will spread outH6566כְנָפֶ֙ךָ֙khenafekhaskirt yourH3671עַל־ʾal-overH5921אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ʾamatekhamaidservant yourH519כִּ֥יkiforH3588גֹאֵ֖לgoel[are] a kinsman-redeemerH1350אָֽתָּה׃ʾatahyouH859
Ruth 3:10· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559בְּרוּכָ֨הberukhah[be] blessedH1288אַ֤תְּʾatyouH859לַֽיהוָה֙layahwehby YahwehH3068בִּתִּ֔יbitiO daughter myH1323הֵיטַ֛בְתְּheitavtyou have made goodH3190חַסְדֵּ֥ךְchasdekhloyalty yourH2617הָאַחֲר֖וֹןhaacharon<the> latterH314מִן־min-more thanH4480הָרִאשׁ֑וֹןharishon<the> formerH7223לְבִלְתִּי־levilti-to notH1115לֶ֗כֶתlekhetto goH1980אַחֲרֵי֙ʾachareiafterH310הַבַּ֣חוּרִ֔יםhabachurimthe young menH970אִם־ʾim-whetherH518דַּ֖לdalpoorH1800וְאִם־veim-and orH518עָשִֽׁיר׃ʾashirrichH6223
Rashi on Ruth 3:10
[Your] earlier [kindness]. That you did for your mother-in-law. 12 When you abandoned your home and fortune to stay with your mother-in-law. Your last act of kindness, i.e., your willingness to marry an older man to perpetuate your late husband’s name is a greater sacrifice on your part.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 3:11· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְעַתָּ֗הveatahand thereforeH6258בִּתִּי֙bitiO daughter myH1323אַל־ʾal-may notH408תִּ֣ירְאִ֔יtiriyou fearH3372כֹּ֥לkolallH3605אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-thatH834תֹּאמְרִ֖יtomriyou are sayingH559אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־ʾeeseh-I will doH6213לָּ֑ךְlakhfor <the> youכִּ֤יkiforH3588יוֹדֵ֙עַ֙yodea'[is] knowingH3045כָּל־kol-allH3605שַׁ֣עַרshaar[the] gate ofH8179עַמִּ֔יʾamipeople myH5971כִּ֛יkithatH3588אֵ֥שֶׁתʾeshet[are] a woman ofH802חַ֖יִלchayilabilityH2428אָֽתְּ׃ʾatyouH859
Ibn Ezra on Ruth 3:11
"אשת חיל (a virtuous woman):" I will explain this in Proverbs.
Read it in full at Sefaria · Sefaria Community Translation
Ruth 3:12· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וְעַתָּה֙veatahand thereforeH6258כִּ֣יkiforH3588אָמְנָ֔םʾamenamtrulyH551כִּ֥יkithatH3588גֹאֵ֖לgoel[am] a kinsman-redeemerH1350אָנֹ֑כִיʾanokhiIH595וְגַ֛םvegamand alsoH1571יֵ֥שׁyeshthereH3426גֹּאֵ֖לgoel[is] a kinsman-redeemerH1350קָר֥וֹבkarovnearH7138מִמֶּֽנִּי׃mimenimore than IH4480
Rashi on Ruth 3:12
Now, though it is true that. אִם [=if] is written but not read, i.e., it conveys uncertainty [who will be the actual redeemer], for there is surely a redeemer closer than I. 13 The kinsman was Elimelech’s brother whereas Bo’az was only his nephew.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 3:13· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
לִ֣ינִי׀linistayH3885הַלַּ֗יְלָהhalaylahthis nightH3915וְהָיָ֤הvehayahand it will beH1961בַבֹּ֙קֶר֙vabokerin the morningH1242אִם־ʾim-ifH518יִגְאָלֵ֥ךְyigalekhhe will redeem youH1350טוֹב֙tovgoodH2896יִגְאָ֔לyigallet him redeemH1350וְאִם־veim-and ifH518לֹ֨אlo'notH3808יַחְפֹּ֧ץyachpotzhe will be willingH2654לְגָֽאֳלֵ֛ךְlegoolekhto redeem youH1350וּגְאַלְתִּ֥יךְugealtikhand I will redeem youH1350אָנֹ֖כִיʾanokhiIH595חַי־chai-[by] [the] lifeH2416יְהוָ֑הyahwehof YahwehH3068שִׁכְבִ֖יshikhvilie downH7901עַד־ʾad-untilH5704הַבֹּֽקֶר׃habokerthe morningH1242
Rashi on Ruth 3:13
Stay the night. Stay over [one more night] without a husband.
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Six measures of barley before daylight14
Ruth 3:14· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתִּשְׁכַּ֤בvatishkavand she lay downH7901מַרְגְּלוֹתָיו֙margelatavfeet hisH4772עַד־ʾad-untilH5704הַבֹּ֔קֶרhabokerthe morningH1242וַתָּ֕קָםvatakomand she aroseH6965בְּטֶ֛רֶםbitrom<in> beforeH2962יַכִּ֥ירyakirhe recognizedH5234אִ֖ישׁʾishanyoneH376אֶת־ʾet-<obj.>H853רֵעֵ֑הוּreehuneighbor hisH7453וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙vaiyomerand he saidH559אַל־ʾal-may notH408יִוָּדַ֔עyivada'it be knownH3045כִּי־ki-thatH3588בָ֥אָהvaahshe cameH935הָאִשָּׁ֖הhaishahthe womanH802הַגֹּֽרֶן׃hagorenthe threshing floorH1637
Rashi on Ruth 3:14
For he said, “It must not be known. ” This refers back to “and she arose before one could recognize [another].
Read it in full at Sefaria · The Metsudah Five Megillot, Lakewood, N.J., 2001
Ruth 3:15· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרvaiyomerand he saidH559הָ֠בִיhavigiveH3051הַמִּטְפַּ֧חַתhamitpachatthe shawlH4304אֲשֶׁר־ʾasher-whichH834עָלַ֛יִךְʾalayikh[is] on youH5921וְאֶֽחֳזִי־veechozi-and take holdH270בָ֖הּvahon <the> itוַתֹּ֣אחֶזvatochezand she took holdH270בָּ֑הּbahon <the> itוַיָּ֤מָדvaiyamodand he measured outH4058שֵׁשׁ־shesh-sixH8337שְׂעֹרִים֙seorimbarley<s>H8184וַיָּ֣שֶׁתvaiyashetand he put [it]H7896עָלֶ֔יהָʾaleihaon herH5921וַיָּבֹ֖אvaiyavo'and he cameH935הָעִֽיר׃hairthe cityH5892
Ruth 3:16· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתָּבוֹא֙vatavo'and she cameH935אֶל־ʾel-toH413חֲמוֹתָ֔הּchamotahmother-in-law herH2545וַתֹּ֖אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559מִי־mi-who?H4310אַ֣תְּʾat[are] youH859בִּתִּ֑יbitiO daughter myH1323וַתַּ֨גֶּד־vataged-and she toldH5046לָ֔הּlahto <the> herאֵ֛תʾet<obj.>H853כָּל־kol-allH3605אֲשֶׁ֥רʾasherthatH834עָֽשָׂה־ʾasah-he had doneH6213לָ֖הּlahfor <the> herהָאִֽישׁ׃haishthe manH376
Ruth 3:17· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֕אמֶרvatomerand she saidH559שֵׁשׁ־shesh-[the] sixH8337הַשְּׂעֹרִ֥יםhaseorimthe barley<s>H8184הָאֵ֖לֶּהhaeleh<the> theseH428נָ֣תַןnatanhe gaveH5414לִ֑יlito <the> meכִּ֚יkiforH3588אָמַ֣ר אֵלַ֔יʾamar ʾalihe said to meH559אַל־ʾal-may notH408תָּב֥וֹאִיtavoiyou goH935רֵיקָ֖םreikamemptyH7387אֶל־ʾel-toH413חֲמוֹתֵֽךְ׃chamotekhmother-in-law yourH2545
Ruth 3:18· Hebrew and glosses: STEP Bible
וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙vatomerand she saidH559שְׁבִ֣יshevisit downH3427בִתִּ֔יvitiO daughter myH1323עַ֚דʾaduntilH5704אֲשֶׁ֣רʾasherthatH834תֵּֽדְעִ֔יןtedeinyou will know !H3045אֵ֖יךְʾeikhhow?H349יִפֹּ֣לyipolwill it fall outH5307דָּבָ֑רdavara matterH1697כִּ֣יkiforH3588לֹ֤אlo'notH3808יִשְׁקֹט֙yishkothe will be at peaceH8252הָאִ֔ישׁhaishthe manH376כִּֽי־ki-thatH3588אִם־ʾim-exceptH518כִּלָּ֥הkilahhe has finishedH3615הַדָּבָ֖רhadavarthe matterH1697הַיּֽוֹם׃haiyomthis dayH3117