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Revelation 1:8

in Revelation 1

“I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, who is and was and is to come—the Almighty.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV ▾

ASV

I am the Alpha and the Omega, saith the Lord God, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.

KJV

I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the ending, saith the Lord, which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty.

This verse in Revelation 1

Commentary

21 notes on this verse

A commentator

Athanasius of Alexandria

296–373

Discourses Against the Arians 3.4 · Written before 373.

The Godhead of the Son is the Father's. It is indivisible. Thus there is one God and none other but he. So, since they are one, and the Godhead itself one, the same things are said of the Son, which are said of the Father, except his being said to be Father. For instance, it is said that he is God: "And the Word was God." It is said that he is Almighty, "Thus says he who was and is and is to come, the Almighty." It is said that he is Lord, "one Lord Jesus Christ."

This site's exposition

He is coming with the clouds

on Revelation 1:7-8

Verse 7 joins the clouds of Daniel 7:13 to the pierced one of Zechariah 12:10: every eye will see Him, even those who pierced Him. In verse 8 the Lord God names Himself the Alpha and the Omega, the title Jesus takes for Himself at 22:13.

This site's exposition

I am the Alpha and the Omega

Alpha and Omega are the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet; Adam Clarke traces the phrase to Jewish idiom, from aleph to tau. The title echoes Isaiah 41:4, where the LORD is the first and is with the last.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Clement of Alexandria

The Instructor Book 1 · Written before 215.

proposed

Thus, then, the milk which is perfect is perfect nourishment, and brings to that consummation which cannot cease. Wherefore also the same milk and honey were promised in the rest. Rightly, therefore, the Lord again promises milk to the righteous, that the Word may be clearly shown to be both, "the Alpha and Omega, beginning and end;" the Word being figuratively represented as milk.

A commentator

Tertullian

ON MONOGAMY 5 · Written before 220.

proposed

In the same way the Lord applied to himself two Greek letters, the first and the last, as figures of the beginning and the end which are united in himself. For just as Alpha continues on until it reaches Omega and Omega completes the cycle back again to Alpha, so he meant to show us that in him is found the course of all things from the beginning to the end and from the end back to the beginning. Every divine dispensation should end in him through whom it first began, that is, in the Word made flesh. Accordingly, it should also end in the same way in which it first began. So truly in Christ are all things recalled to their beginning. So the faith has turned away from circumcision back to the integrity of the flesh, as it was in the beginning. So, too, there is liberty now to eat any kind of food, with abstention from blood alone, as it was in the beginning. There is a unity of marriage, as it was in the beginning. There is a prohibition of divorce, which was not in the beginning. Finally, the whole man is called once more to paradise, where he was in the beginning.

A commentator

Tertullian

Against Praxeas · Written before 220.

proposed

Meanwhile, let this be my immediate answer to the argument which they adduce from the Revelation of John: "I am the Lord which is, and which was, and which is to come, the Almighty; " and from all other passages which in their opinion make the designation of Almighty God unsuitable to the Son.

A commentator

Oecumenius

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 550.

proposed

"The alpha" [α] signifies the beginning, "and the omega" [ω] signifies the end; therefore, basically He is saying, "I am the first and the last," indicating through the "first" the God "who is" without beginning, and through the "last," the one "who is" without end. …
The martyrdom of the blessed apostles has consecrated this day for us. It was by despising the world that they earned this renown throughout the whole world. Peter was the first of the apostles and Paul the last of the apostles. The first and the last were brought to one and the same day for martyrdom by the First and the Last, by Christ. In order to grasp what I've said, turn your minds to the Alpha and the Omega. The Lord himself said plainly in the Apocalypse, "I am the Alpha and the Omega, the first"—before whom is nobody—"the last"—after whom is nobody; he precedes all things and sets a term to all things. Do you want to gaze upon him as the first? "All things were made through him." Do you seek him as the last? "For Christ is the end of the law, that every one who has faith may be justified." In order for you to live at some time or other, you had him as your creator. In order for you to live always, you have him as your redeemer.
13 more voices on this verse

The Medieval Church7 voices

A commentator

Bonaventure

On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

According to this same mode also, one may find in the illumination of natural philosophy, whose principal intention turns upon formal reasons in matter, in the soul, and in divine wisdom. These may be considered in three ways, namely according to the relation of proportion, …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

For sacred Scripture is principally concerned with the works of reparation. Whence it treats chiefly of faith, hope, and charity, through which virtues the soul must be reformed, and most especially of charity. Of which the Apostle says that it is the end of the …

A commentator

Bonaventure

Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 6 · Written in the 13th century.

proposed

In this consideration, moreover, lies the perfection of the mind's illumination, when, as on the sixth day, it sees man made in the image of God. For if an image is an expressive likeness, when our mind contemplates in Christ the Son of God, who …

A commentator

Gregory the Dialogist

Forty Gospel Homilies, Homily 22 · Written before 604.

proposed

Concerning which it is rightly added: "You shall consume the head with the feet and the entrails," because our Redeemer is the Alpha and Omega, that is, God before the ages and man at the end of the ages. And as we have already said, brothers, we have learned from Paul's testimony that God is the head of Christ. Therefore, to consume the head of the lamb is to receive His divinity by faith. To consume the feet of the lamb is to seek out the footsteps of His humanity by loving and imitating.

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 735.

proposed

I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, etc. The beginning, whom none precedes; the end, to whom none succeeds in the kingdom.

A commentator

Bede

Commentary on Revelation · Written before 735.

proposed

Who is, and who was, etc. He said the same of the Father. For God the Father also came and is to come in the Son.

A commentator

Alcuin of York

COMMENTARY ON REVELATION · Written before 804.

proposed

I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, saith the Lord God, who is, and who was, and who is to come. By saying I am, he lets us know clearly that God was speaking through him. Whence the Apostle: Do you seek …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

I am Alpha and Omega,.... These are the words of Christ himself, appearing at once, and confirming what John had said of him, concerning his person, offices, and future coming: Alpha is the first letter, and Omega the last in the Greek alphabet, and signifies that Christ is the first and the last, as it is interpreted in Rev 1:11, and is a character often given to the divine Being in prophetic writings; see Isa 41:4; and is no small proof of the proper deity of Christ.

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (1755)

proposed

God is the beginning, as he is the Author and Creator of all things, and as he proposes, declares, and promises so great things: he is the end, as he brings all the things which are here revealed to a complete and glorious conclusion.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

A glorious vision or appearance of the Lord Jesus Christ to the apostle John, when he delivered to him this revelation,

The Nineteenth Century3 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

I am Alpha and Omega - I am from eternity to eternity. This mode of speech is borrowed from the Jews, who express the whole compass of things by א aleph and ת tau, the first and last letters of the Hebrew alphabet; but as St. John was writing in Greek, he accommodates the whole to the Greek alphabet, of which Α alpha and Ω omega are the first and last letters. With the rabbins מא ועד ת meeleph vead tau, “from aleph to tau,” expressed the whole of a matter, from the beginning to the end.

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

Greek, "I am the Alpha and the Omega." The first and last letters of the alphabet. God in Christ comprises all that goes between, as well as the first and last. the beginning and the ending--omitted in the oldest manuscripts, though found in Vulgate and Coptic.
I am Alpha and Omega - These are the first and the last letters of the Greek alphabet, and denote properly the first and the last. So in Rev 22:13, where the two expressions are united, “I am Alpha and Omega, the beginning and the end, the first and the last.” So in Rev 1:17, the speaker says of himself, “I am the first and the last.” Among the Jewish rabbis it was common to use the first and the last letters of the Hebrew alphabet to denote the whole of anything, from beginning to end. Thus, it is said, “Adam transgressed the whole law, from ‘Aleph (א) to Taw (תּ).” “Abraham kept the whole law, from ‘Aleph (א) to Taw (תּ).” The language here is what would properly denote “eternity” in the being to whom it is applied, and could be used in reference to no one but the true God. It means that he is the beginning and the end of all things; that he was at the commencement, and will be at the close; and it is thus equivalent to saying that he has always existed, and that he will always exist. Compare Isa 41:4, “I the Lord, the first, and with the last”; Isa 44:6, “I am the first, and I am the last; and beside me there is no God”; Isa 48:12, “I am he; I am the first, I also am the last.” There can be no doubt that the language here would be naturally understood as implying divinity, and it could be properly applied to no one but the true God. The obvious interpretation here would be to apply this to the Lord Jesus; for: (a) It is he who is spoken of in the verses preceding, and (b) There can be no doubt that the same language is applied to him in Rev 1:11. As there is, however, a difference of reading in this place in the Greek text, and as it can. not be absolutely certain that the writer meant to refer to the Lord Jesus specifically here, this cannot be adduced with propriety as a proof-text to demonstrate his divinity. […]

The words behind it

21 Greek words

Every Greek word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Isaiah 44:6

    Thus says the LORD, the King and Redeemer of Israel, the LORD of Hosts: “I am the first and I am the last, and there is no God but Me.

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 41:4

      Who has performed this and carried it out, calling forth the generations from the beginning? I, the LORD—the first and the last—I am He.”

      Reached by 4 separate paths from here.

    • Revelation 22:13

      I am the Alpha and the Omega, the First and the Last, the Beginning and the End.”

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Isaiah 43:10–11

      “You are My witnesses,” declares the LORD, “and My servant whom I have chosen, so that you may consider and believe Me and understand that I am He. Before Me no god was formed,…

    • Isaiah 44:8

      Do not tremble or fear. Have I not told you and declared it long ago? You are My witnesses! Is there any God but Me? There is no other Rock; I know not one.”

    • Isaiah 45:5–6

      I am the LORD, and there is no other; there is no God but Me. I will equip you for battle, though you have not known Me,

  • Through

    Revelation 21:6

    And He told me, “It is done! I am the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. To the thirsty I will give freely from the spring of the water of life.

    it leads to

    • John 7:37–38

      On the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood up and called out in a loud voice, “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to Me and drink.

    • John 4:10

      Jesus answered, “If you knew the gift of God and who is asking you for a drink, you would have asked Him, and He would have given you living water.”

    • Revelation 7:17

      For the Lamb in the center of the throne will be their shepherd. ‘He will lead them to springs of living water,’ and ‘God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’”

Where this verse is studied

About Revelation

The Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Jan and Hubert van Eyck, about 1430 to 1432. Public domain.
The Adoration of the Mystic Lamb, Jan and Hubert van Eyck, about 1430 to 1432. Public domain.
This page draws on 19 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes on the New Testament; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Alcuin of York, COMMENTARY ON REVELATION; Athanasius of Alexandria, Discourses Against the Arians 3.4; Augustine of Hippo, SERMON 299B.1, ON THE BIRTHDAY OF THE HOLY APOSTLES PETER AND PAUL; Bede, Commentary on Revelation; Bonaventure, On the Reduction of the Arts to Theology; Bonaventure, Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 4; Bonaventure, Itinerarium Mentis in Deum, Chapter 6; Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor Book 1; Gregory the Dialogist, Forty Gospel Homilies, Homily 22; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the New Testament (1746-1748); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament; Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible; Oecumenius, Commentary on Revelation; Tertullian, ON MONOGAMY 5 and Tertullian, Against Praxeas.