Genesis 4:21

And his brother’s name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute.

BSB

Parallel translations

4 additional translations

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KJV

And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.

ASV

And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and pipe.

YLT

and the name of his brother is Jubal, he hath been father of every one handling harp and organ.

DBT

And his brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of those who handle the harp and pipe.

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Commentary voices

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Voices3

On this verse

And his brother's name was Jubal,.... This was another son of Lamech by Adah, and his name differs only in one letter from his brother's: he was the father of all such that handle the harp and organ: he was the inventor of instrumental music, both of stringed instruments, such as were touched by the fingers, or struck with a quill, as the "harp"; and of wind instruments, such as were blown, as the "organ", which seems not to be the same we call so, being a late invention; but however a pleasant instrument, as its name signifies.

John Gill· Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763)reformed

Related commentary

Jubal - the father - i.e. The inventor of musical instruments, such as the כנור kinnor, which we translate harp, and the עוגב ugab, which we render organ; it is very likely that both words are generic, the former including under it all stringed instruments, and the latter, all wind instruments.

Adam Clarke· Commentary on the Bible, 1832evangelical

Abel's was a more excellent sacrifice than Cain's; Cain's was only a sacrifice of acknowledgment offered to the Creator; the meat- offerings of the fruit of the ground were no more: but Abel brought a sacrifice of atonement, the blood whereof was shed in order to remission, thereby owning himself a sinner, deprecating God's wrath, and imploring his favour in a Mediator.

John Wesley· Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament, 1765evangelical

Voices on this verse

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Cross-references

6 linked verses

The verses this one reaches6

Job 21:12
singing to the tambourine and lyre and making merry at the sound of the flute.
Genesis 31:27
Why did you run away secretly and deceive me, without even telling me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and harps.
Isaiah 5:12
At their feasts are the lyre and harp, tambourines and flutes and wine. They disregard the actions of the LORD and fail to see the work of His hands.
Amos 6:5
You improvise songs on the harp like David and invent your own musical instruments.
Romans 4:11–12
And he received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. So then, he is the father of all who believe but are not circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them.
Genesis 4:20
Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and raise livestock.

Cross-references

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The quotation web

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The walk8

Where the connections lead

Follow this verse’s cross-references two steps out. Each card is a verse this one points to, and beneath it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several different paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first — the text keeps returning to it. Every stop shows its own words, and every stop is a page.

Through
Amos 6:5
You improvise songs on the harp like David and invent your own musical instruments.
leads to
- Isaiah 5:12
  At their feasts are the lyre and harp, tambourines and flutes and wine. They disregard the actions of the LORD and fail to see the work of His hands.
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
- Amos 5:23
  Take away from Me the noise of your songs! I will not listen to the music of your harps.
- Amos 8:3
  “In that day,” declares the Lord GOD, “the songs of the temple will turn to wailing. Many will be the corpses, strewn in silence everywhere!”
Through
Isaiah 5:12
At their feasts are the lyre and harp, tambourines and flutes and wine. They disregard the actions of the LORD and fail to see the work of His hands.
leads to
- Amos 6:4–6
  You lie on beds inlaid with ivory, and lounge upon your couches. You dine on lambs from the flock and calves from the stall.
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
- Job 21:11–14
  They send forth their little ones like a flock; their children skip about,
  Reached by 2 independent paths from here.
- Psalms 28:5
  Since they show no regard for the works of the LORD or what His hands have done, He will tear them down and never rebuild them.
- Job 34:27
  because they turned aside from Him and had no regard for any of His ways.
Through
Genesis 31:27
Why did you run away secretly and deceive me, without even telling me? I would have sent you away with joy and singing, with tambourines and harps.
leads to
- Exodus 15:20
  Then Miriam the prophetess, Aaron’s sister, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women followed her with tambourines and dancing.

The whole web at once: see the Arc.

Where the connections lead

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Continue: Genesis 4 →