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2 Samuel 6:21

in 2 Samuel 6

But David said to Michal, “I was dancing before the LORD, who chose me over your father and all his house when He appointed me ruler over the LORD’s people Israel. I will celebrate before the LORD,

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And David said unto Michal, It was before Jehovah, who chose me above thy father, and above all his house, to appoint me prince over the people of Jehovah, over Israel: therefore will I play before Jehovah.

KJV

And David said unto Michal, It was before the Lord, which chose me before thy father, and before all his house, to appoint me ruler over the people of the Lord, over Israel: therefore will I play before the Lord.

This verse in 2 Samuel 6

Commentary

14 notes on this verse

A commentator

Ambrose of Milan

Letter 58.6 · Written before 397.

But the things which viewed corporeally are unseemly, when viewed in regard to holy religion become venerable, so that they who blame such things will involve their own souls in the net of blame. Thus Michal reproves David for his dancing and says to him, How glorious was the king of Israel to day, who uncovered himself to day in the eyes of his handmaids!

This site's exposition

uncovered himself to day

on 2 Samuel 6:20-22

Michal's word glorious is sarcasm, and her charge that David uncovered himself plays against the very ephod verse 14 already described; a linen ephod covered the body, and the commentators read her complaint as wounded royal dignity rather than a report of actual exposure. David's answer sets God's choice against her father's house in one breath, it was before the Lord, which chose me before thy father, and before all his house, turning her rebuke back on the reason he dances at all. His last word to her, I will yet be more vile than thus, and will be base in mine own sight, answers contempt with a deliberate choice: honour from the very maidservants she named in scorn.

This site's exposition

I was dancing before the LORD

Clarke hears David answer Michal with sharpness. Barnes reads the mention of her father's house as a lesson to the daughter of Saul that pride gave that house no stability. Henry fixes on the words before the LORD, where David danced.

The record, by era

The Medieval Church1 voice

A commentator

Leander of Seville

THE TRAINING OF NUNS 23 · Written before 601.

proposed

You will be blessed if you give thanks to God both in adversity and in prosperity and if you consider the prosperity of this life as smoke and vapor that immediately vanishes. David was a king, yet, in spite of having numerous treasures and ruling …

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

Before the Lord - In his presence and service, which though contemptible to thee, is, and ever shall be honourable in mine eyes. Who chose - Who took away the honour from him and his, and transferred it unto me, whereby he hath obliged me to love and serve him with all my might.

A commentator

Matthew Henry

1662–1714

Commentary on the Whole Bible (1710)

proposed

): It was before the Lord, and with an eye to him. Whatever invidious construction she was pleased to put upon it, he had the testimony of his conscience for him that he sincerely aimed at the glory of God, for whom he thought he could never do enough.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — leading-punctuation+unbalanced-parens

And David said unto Michal, it was before the Lord,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

Play - See 2Sa 6:5 note. The speech might be paraphrased, Before the Lord which chose me, etc., yea, before the Lord have I danced. He humbles Michal’s pride by the allusion to her father’s rejection, and shows by Saul’s example how little pride contributes to the stability of greatness. Therefore, for his part, he will not think anything done for the glory of God too mean for him; and if he cannot have honor from Saul’s daughter, he will be content to be honored by the maid-servants.
6 more voices on this verse

The Nineteenth Century6 voices

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

Michal . . . came out to meet David, &c.--Proud of her royal extraction, she upbraided her husband for lowering the dignity of the crown and acting more like a buffoon than a king. But her taunting sarcasm was repelled in a manner that could not be agreeable to her feelings while it indicated the warm piety and gratitude of David.
DAVID had been soaring up on eagle's wings. Perhaps never in his life before had he so enjoyed the public worship of God. He had forgotten everything in the delight of bringing the Ark of the Lord home to his own city where he had prepared a tabernacle for its resting place. He had thrown himself into the gladsome service of the Lord that day. Nor had he been alone in joyful adoration—all the people had been unanimously with him in honoring Jehovah, the God of their fathers.
You will remember the remarkable passage of Sacred History which I related to you this morning, [See Sermon #307] how David sought on one occasion to bring up the Ark of God from Kirjath-Jearim to Jerusalem; but neglecting God’s Law, they put the Ark upon a cart, instead of carrying it upon the shoulders of the Levites. And as one mistake very soon leads to another, when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah put forth his hand to steady the Ark and prevent its falling, and God smote him there for his error and he died. It was an awful moment.
You will remember the remarkable passage of Sacred History which I related to you this morning, [See Sermon #307] how David sought on one occasion to bring up the Ark of God from Kirjath-Jearim to Jerusalem; but neglecting God’s Law, they put the Ark upon a cart, instead of carrying it upon the shoulders of the Levites. And as one mistake very soon leads to another, when the oxen stumbled, Uzzah put forth his hand to steady the Ark and prevent its falling, and God smote him there for his error and he died. It was an awful moment. The pulse of that vast assembly beating high with solemn festivity, receives a sudden jerk. The trumpet which erstwhile sent forth its cheerful blast, with the sacred melody of cornet, of psaltery and of harp—all are hushed in one instant! Dullness and terror seize the minds of all. They separate to their homes; the Ark is carried into a private house adjoining the residence of that eminent servant of God, Obed-edom, and there it tarried for the space of three months. David at last recovered his spirits and a second time, having carefully read over God’s Law concerning the removal of the Ark, he went down to the house of Obed-edom to carry it away. The priests, this time, lift up the Ark upon their shoulders by means of the golden staves which passed through golden rings and so uphold the Ark. Finding that they were not smitten, but that they lived and were able to carry the Ark, David paused and offered seven bullocks and seven rams as a sacrifice to God. Then, putting off his royal robe, laying aside his grown, he dressed himself like a priest, put on a linen ephod in order that he might have ease in the exercise which he meant to take and so, in the midst of all the people, like the poorest and meanest of them, he went before the Ark, and playing with his harp, he danced before the Lord with all his might.
DAVID had been soaring up on eagle's wings. Perhaps never in his life before had he so enjoyed the public worship of God. He had forgotten everything in the delight of bringing the Ark of the Lord home to his own city where he had prepared a tabernacle for its resting place. He had thrown himself into the gladsome service of the Lord that day. Nor had he been alone in joyful adoration—all the people had been unanimously with him in honoring Jehovah, the God of their fathers. It had been a high day, a day of days, such a day as the nation had not enjoyed in all its history. The king came home to bless his household, wishing that all his family might share in his joy. Exactly at that moment his wife, Michal, Saul's daughter, who had felt disgusted at seeing her husband dressed like a common Levite and leading the way in the midst of the common people, came out to meet him, full of furious scorn. Her language to him must have acted as if a man had thrown a pail of cold water into his face. With sarcastic words, villainously exaggerating what he had done and imputing to him what he had never done, she scolded the man she had scorned. How he must have felt it for the moment! We need not wonder if some have thought that his answer was somewhat bitter. Remember that David was not Jesus but only David. Always suspect some danger near when you perceive too much delight. It may sound like a paradox, but it is true, and experience proves that we never seem to be so near meeting the devil as when we have just met our God. When our Savior had been on the Mount of Transfiguration with His disciples, He met, at the foot of the hill, a father with a child possessed of the devil! Whenever you enjoy a season of peculiarly close communion with God and are full of very high joy, be on your guard.

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

It was before the Lord, which chose me - David felt the reproach, and was strongly irritated, and seems to have spoken to Michal with sufficient asperity.

The words behind it

23 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he said

    vaiyomerH5595305 times

  • דָּוִד֮David

    davidH1732999 times

  • אֶל־to

    ʾel-H4135510 times

  • מִיכַל֒Michal

    mikhalH432418 times

  • לִפְנֵ֣י<to> before

    lifneiH64402123 times

  • יְהוָ֗הYahweh

    yahwehH30686520 times

  • אֲשֶׁ֨רwho

    ʾasherH8345497 times

  • בָּֽחַר־he chose

    bachar-H977171 times

  • בִּ֤י<in> <the> me

    bi

  • מֵֽאָבִיךְ֙more than father your

    meavikhH11212 times

  • וּמִכָּל־and more than all

    umikol-H36055413 times

  • בֵּית֔וֹhousehold his

    beitoH10042046 times

  • לְצַוֹּ֨תto appoint

    letzavotH6680494 times

  • אֹתִ֥י<obj.> me

    ʾotiH85310935 times

  • נָגִ֛ידruler

    nagidH505745 times

  • עַל־over

    ʾal-H59215755 times

  • עַ֥ם[the] people of

    ʾamH59711873 times

  • יְהוָ֖הYahweh

    yahwehH30686520 times

  • עַל־over

    ʾal-H59215755 times

  • יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsrael

    yisraelH34782507 times

  • וְשִׂחַקְתִּ֖יand I will play

    vesichaktiH783236 times

  • לִפְנֵ֥י<to> before

    lifneiH64402123 times

  • יְהוָֽה׃Yahweh

    yahwehH30686520 times

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Acts 13:22

    After removing Saul, He raised up David as their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he will carry out My will in…

    it leads to

    • 1 Samuel 13:13–14

      “You have acted foolishly,” Samuel declared. “You have not kept the command that the LORD your God gave you; if you had, the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time.

    • 1 Samuel 16:1

      Now the LORD said to Samuel, “How long are you going to mourn for Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending…

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • 1 Kings 15:5

      For David had done what was right in the eyes of the LORD and had not turned aside from anything the LORD commanded all the days of his life, except in the matter of…

    • Psalms 78:70–72

      He chose David His servant and took him from the sheepfolds;

    • 1 Samuel 16:13

      So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward. Then Samuel set out and…

  • Through

    1 Samuel 13:14

    But now your kingdom will not endure; the LORD has sought a man after His own heart and appointed him ruler over His people, because you have not kept the command of the LORD.”

    it leads to

    • Acts 13:22

      After removing Saul, He raised up David as their king and testified about him: ‘I have found David son of Jesse a man after My own heart; he will carry out My will in…

    • 1 Samuel 15:28

      So Samuel said to him, “The LORD has torn the kingdom of Israel from you today and has given it to your neighbor who is better than you.

    • Psalms 89:19–37

      You once spoke in a vision; to Your godly ones You said, “I have bestowed help on a warrior; I have exalted one chosen from the people.

Where this verse is studied

On this page

About 2 Samuel

David Mourns the Death of Absalom, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
David Mourns the Death of Absalom, Gustave Doré, 1866. Public domain.
This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Ambrose of Milan, Letter 58.6; Calvin, Sermons on 2 Samuel; Charles Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit, Sermon No. 2031: “David Dancing Before the Ark Because of His Election” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Charles Spurgeon, The New Park Street Pulpit, Sermon No. 321: “The Jeer Of Sarcasm, And The Retort Of Piety” (lightly modernized text, CCEL edition); Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Leander of Seville, THE TRAINING OF NUNS 23 and Matthew Henry, Commentary on the Whole Bible.