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Genesis 25:1

in Genesis 25

Now Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah,

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And Abraham took another wife, and her name was Keturah.

KJV

Then again Abraham took a wife, and her name was Keturah.

This verse in Genesis 25

Commentary

15 notes on this verse
Then again Abraham took a wife,.... Three years after the death of Sarah, and when his son Isaac was married, and he alone, and now one hundred and forty years of age: and her name was Keturah; who she was, or of what family, is not said. An Arabic writer (z) says she was a daughter of the king of the Turks; another (a) of them calls her the daughter of King Rama; and another (b) the daughter of Pactor, king of Rabbah; but there were then no such people in being.

This site's exposition

Abraham had taken another wife, named Keturah

on Genesis 25:1-4

Abraham marries Keturah after Sarah's death and fathers six more sons, so the man Romans 4:19 calls as good as dead ends with eight. Midian stands fourth in the list. Midianite traders will sell Joseph in Egypt at 37:36, and Moses will marry the daughter of a priest of Midian at Exodus 2:21.

The record, by era

The Church Fathers5 voices

A commentator

Augustine of Hippo

City of God 16.34 · Written in the 5th century.

proposed

As for those who prefer to read no symbolic meanings into such facts, they still have no ground of complaint against Abraham. For, in the literal sense, there may be meant to be here an argument against those heretics who are opposed to second marriages, since the example of the very father of many nations proves that there is no sin in a second marriage that is made after one's wife is dead.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

COMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 20.67 · Written before 253.

proposed

[One] who wishes to show himself to be a child of Abraham by doing the works of Abraham in accordance with the Savior's explanation need not literally have sexual intercourse with a handmaid or take another wife in old age after the death of his wife. We also learn from this quite clearly that we must interpret the whole story of Abraham allegorically and make each thing he did spiritual, beginning with the command, "Go forth from your land, your kindred, and your father's house, into the land that I will show you." This statement is made not only to Abraham but also to everyone who will be his child.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.1-2 · Written before 253.

proposed

Indeed, Keturah, whom Abraham, now an old man, obtains in marriage means thymiama, which is incense or a pleasing fragrance. He also in fact was saying, just as Paul said, "We are the pleasing fragrance of Christ." But let us see how someone becomes "Christ's pleasing fragrance." Sin is a foul affair. In fact, sinners are compared with pigs that wallow in sins as in foul dung. And David, as a repentant sinner, says, "My sores have putrified and are abscessed."12If there is therefore any one of you in whom there is now no odor of sin but an odor of justice, the sweetness of mercy, if anyone, by praying "without ceasing" always offers incense to the Lord and says, "Let my prayer be directed as incense in your sight, the lifting up of my hands as the evening sacrifice," this man has married Keturah. In this way, therefore, I think the marriages of the elders are interpreted more fittingly; in this way the unions entered by the patriarchs in their now final and weakened age are understood nobly; in this way I hold the necessary begetting of children should be reckoned. For young men are not so well fitted as old men for such marriages and for offspring of this kind. For to the extent that someone is feeble in the flesh, to such an extent will he be stronger in virtue of the soul and more fit for the embraces of wisdom.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.2 · Written before 253.

proposed

In this way also you can, if you wish, be a husband of marriages of this kind. For example, if you freely practice hospitality, you will appear to have taken her as your wife. If you shall add to this care of the poor, you will appear to have obtained a second wife. But if you should also join patience to yourself and gentleness and the other virtues, you will appear to have taken as many wives as the virtues you enjoy.Thus it is, therefore, that Scripture recounts that some of the patriarchs had many wives at the same time, that others took other wives when previous wives had died. The purpose of this is to indicate figuratively that some can exercise many virtues at the same time; others cannot begin those that follow before they have brought the former virtues to perfection. Accordingly Solomon is reported to have had many wives at the same time, to whom the Lord had said, "There was no wise man like you before you and there will not be after you." Because therefore the Lord had given him an abundance of prudence, "like the sand of the sea," that he might judge his people "in wisdom," for this reason he could exercise many virtues at the same time.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.2 · Written before 253.

proposed

However, beyond this which we are taught from the law of God, if we also are in touch with some of these instructions that appear to be on the outside in the world—for example, as the knowledge of literature or the theory of grammar, as geometry or mathematics or even the discipline of dialectic—and we bring over to our purposes all these things which have been sought from without and we approve them in the declaration of our law, then we will appear to have taken in marriage either foreign wives or even "concubines." And if, from marriages of this kind, by disputing, by discussing, by refuting those who contradict, we shall be able to convert some to the faith, and if, overcoming them with their own reasonings and skills, we shall persuade them to receive the true philosophy of Christ and the true piety of God, then we shall appear to have begotten sons from dialectic or rhetoric as if from some foreign wife or concubine.
8 more voices on this verse

The Church Fathers3 voices

A commentator

Ephrem the Syrian

COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 22:1 · Written before 373.

proposed

Because no law concerning virginity or chastity had been set down, lest desire ever make a stain in the mind of that just man.

A commentator

Jerome

Hebrew Questions on Genesis · Written before 420.

proposed

(Chapter 25, Verse 1) And Abraham added and took another wife, and her name was Keturah. And she bore him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah. And Jokshan begot Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim. And the sons of Midian were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All these were the sons of Keturah. And Abraham gave everything that he had to Isaac.

A commentator

Origen of Alexandria

HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.1 · Written before 253.

proposed

The holy apostle always offers us opportunities for spiritual understanding and shows the zealous signs by which one may recognize in all things that "the law is spiritual." Though few, these signs are nevertheless necessary.Paul says, discussing Abraham and Sarah in a certain passage, "not weakened in faith." Scripture says, "He considered his own body dead, since he was almost a hundred years old, and Sarah's womb dead." This man, therefore, whom Paul says to have been dead in his body at the age of 100 and to have begotten Isaac more by the power of his faith than by the fertility of his body, Scripture now relates has taken a wife named Keturah and has begotten more sons from her when he seems to have been about 137 years old. For Sarah his wife is recorded to have been ten years younger than he. Since Sarah died in her 127th year, it shows that Abraham was more than 137 years old when he took Keturah as his wife. What then? Are we to suppose that inducements of the flesh have flourished in so great a partriarch at that time? And shall he who is said to have been dead long ago in his natural impulses now be supposed to have been revived for passion? Or, as we have already often said, do the marriages of the patriarchs indicate something mystical and sacred, as also he suggests who said of wisdom: "I decided to take her as my wife"? Perhaps, therefore, already at that time Abraham also thought something like this. And, although he was wise, for this very reason never-theless he knew that there is no end of wisdom, nor does old age impose a limit on learning. For when can that man who has been accustomed to share a marriage in that manner in which we indicated above, that is, who is accustomed to have virtue in marriage, cease from such a union? For indeed the death of Sarah is to be understood as the consummation of virtue.

The Puritans and the Awakening3 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

By her he had six sons, in whom the promise made to Abraham concerning the great increase of his posterity was in part fulfilled. The strength he received by the promise still remained in him, to shew how much the virtue of the promise exceeds the power of nature.

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

By her he had six sons, in whom the promise made to Abraham concerning the great increase of his posterity was in part fulfilled. The strength he received by the promise still remained in him, to shew how much the virtue of the promise exceeds the power of nature.

A commentator

John Gill

1697–1771

Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763)

proposed

Then again Abraham took a wife,.... Three years after the death of Sarah, and when his son Isaac was married, and he alone, and now one hundred and forty years of age: and her name was Keturah; who she was, or of what family, is not said. An Arabic writer (z) says she was a daughter of the king of the Turks; another (a) of them calls her the daughter of King Rama; and another (b) the daughter of Pactor, king of Rabbah; but there were then no such people in being.

The Nineteenth Century2 voices

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

proposed

Then again Abraham took a wife - When Abraham took Keturah we are not informed; it might have been in the lifetime of Sarah; and the original ויסף vaiyoseph, and he added, etc., seems to give some countenance to this opinion. Indeed it is not very likely that he had the children mentioned here after the death of Sarah; and from the circumstances of his age, feebleness, etc., at the birth of Isaac, it is still more improbable. Even at that age, forty years before the marriage of Isaac, the birth of his son is considered as not less miraculous on his part than on the part of Sarah; for the apostle expressly says, Rom 4:19, that Abraham considered not his own body Now Dead, when he was about a hundred years old, nor the Deadness of Sarah’s womb; hence we learn that they were both past the procreation of children, insomuch that the birth of Isaac is ever represented as supernatural. It is therefore very improbable that he had any child after the birth of Isaac; and therefore we may well suppose that Moses had related this transaction out of its chronological order, which is not infrequent in the sacred writings, when a variety of important facts relative to the accomplishment of some grand design are thought necessary to be produced in a connected series. On this account intervening matters of a different complexion are referred to a future time. Perhaps we may be justified in reading the verse: “And Abraham had added, and had taken a wife (besides Hagar) whose name was Keturah,” etc. The chronology in the margin dates this marriage with Keturah A. M. 2154, nine years after the death of Sarah, A. M. 2145. Jonathan ben Uzziel and the Jerusalem Targum both assert that Keturah was the same as Hagar.
- The Death of Abraham 1. קטוּרה qeṭûrâh, “Qeturah, incense.” 2. זמרן zı̂mrān, “Zimran, celebrated in song.” יקשׁן yāqshān, “Joqshan, fowler.” מדן medān, “Medan, judge.” מדין mı̂dyān, “Midian, one who measures.” לאבק yı̂shbāq, “Jishbaq, he leaves.” שׁוּח shûach, “Shuach, pit.” 3. לטוּשׁם leṭûshı̂ym, “Letushim, hammered, sharpened.” לאמים le'umı̂ym, “Leummim, peoples.” 4. עיפה ‛êypâh, “‘Ephah, darkness.” עפר ‛êper, “‘Epher, dust.” אבידע 'ǎbı̂ydā‛, “Abida‘, father of knowledge.” אלדעה 'eldā‛âh, “Elda‘ah, knowing?” Another family is born to Abraham by Keturah, and portioned off, after which he dies and is buried.

How the passage was read

What the Jewish commentators add

קטורה, according to the plain meaning of the text this woman was not identical with Hagar.
Rashbam: France, c. 1085–1158 · Rashbam on Genesis 25:1:1, via Sefaria, Eliyahu Munk, HaChut Hameshulash

This section is reception history: how the passage was read and kept in the Jewish tradition. Where a reading parts from an essential of the Christian faith, the section says so at that point.

Texts and citation data: Sefaria; each excerpt follows its version’s licence. 5 further sources are cited on this chapter that carry no English text this site may quote or only restate the verse.

The words behind it

6 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וַיֹּ֧סֶףand he repeated

    vaiyosefH3254212 times

  • אַבְרָהָ֛םAbraham

    ʾavrahamH85175 times

  • וַיִּקַּ֥חand he took

    vaiyikachH3947966 times

  • אִשָּׁ֖הa wife

    ʾishahH802781 times

  • וּשְׁמָ֥הּand name her

    ushemahH8034864 times

  • קְטוּרָֽה׃[was] Keturah

    keturahH6989

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

5 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Genesis 28:1

    So Isaac called for Jacob and blessed him. “Do not take a wife from the Canaanite women,” he commanded.

    it leads to

    • Genesis 24:3

      and I will have you swear by the LORD, the God of heaven and the God of earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites…

    • Genesis 28:3–4

      May God Almighty bless you and make you fruitful and multiply you, so that you may become a company of peoples.

    • Genesis 27:46

      Then Rebekah said to Isaac, “I am weary of my life because of these Hittite women. If Jacob takes a Hittite wife from among them, what good is my life?”

    • Genesis 6:2

      the sons of God saw that the daughters of men were beautiful, and they took as wives whomever they chose.

    • Genesis 26:34–35

      When Esau was forty years old, he took as his wives Judith daughter of Beeri the Hittite and Basemath daughter of Elon the Hittite.

Where this verse is studied

About Genesis

This page draws on 12 works. Open the list of works

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Albert Barnes, Notes, Explanatory and Practical, on the Old and New Testaments (1832-1869); Augustine of Hippo, City of God 16.34; Ephrem the Syrian, COMMENTARY ON GENESIS 22:1; Jerome, Hebrew Questions on Genesis; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament; John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament; Origen of Alexandria, COMMENTARY ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 20.67; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.1-2; Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.2 and Origen of Alexandria, HOMILIES ON GENESIS 11.1.