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Exodus 28:4

in Exodus 28

These are the garments that they shall make: a breastpiece, an ephod, a robe, a woven tunic, a turban, and a sash. They are to make these holy garments for your brother Aaron and his sons, so that they may serve Me as priests.

BSB

The same verse in ASV and KJV

ASV

And these are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.

KJV

And these are the garments which they shall make; a breastplate, and an ephod, and a robe, and a broidered coat, a mitre, and a girdle: and they shall make holy garments for Aaron thy brother, and his sons, that he may minister unto me in the priest’s office.

This verse in Exodus 28

Commentary

6 notes on this verse

A commentator

Adam Clarke

1762–1832

Commentary on the Bible · Written before 1832.

Breastplate - חשן choshen. See Clarke on Exo 25:7 (note). Ephod - אפד. See Clarke’s note on Exo 25:7. Robe - מעיל meil, from עלה alah, to go up, go upon; hence the meil may be considered as an upper coat, a surtout. It is described by Josephus as a garment that reaches down to the feet, not made of two distinct pieces, but was one entire long garment, woven throughout. This was immediately under the ephod.

This site's exposition

all that are wise hearted, whom I have filled

on Exodus 28:3-5

The word wisdom occurs here for the first time in Scripture, and it is given to weavers and engravers rather than to a king or a judge. The men who receive it are called wise hearted, a phrase that also begins here and then runs through the building chapters at 31:6, 35:10 and 36:1. Six garments are named and the materials repeat the four of the tabernacle curtains with gold added.

The record, by era

The Reformation1 voice

A commentator

John Calvin

1509–1564

Commentaries (1554)

proposed

Those who are conversant with my writings, are aware that I do not willingly find fault with the opinions of others; but when I reflect how dangerous are those itching ears, with which many are troubled, I am obliged to prescribe this remedy.

The Puritans and the Awakening2 voices

A commentator

John Wesley

1703–1791

Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament (1765)

proposed

That the priests themselves might be minded of the dignity of their office. That the people might thereby be possessed with a holy reverence of that God whose ministers appeared in such grandeur. That the priests might be types of Christ, and of all Christians who have the beauty of holiness put upon them.
And these are the garments which they shall make,....

The Nineteenth Century1 voice

A commentator

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

1802–1910

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)

proposed

holy garments--No inherent holiness belonged either to the material or the workmanship. But they are called "holy" simply because they were not worn on ordinary occasions, but assumed in the discharge of the sacred functions (Eze 44:19). for glory and for beauty--It was a grand and sumptuous attire.

quarantine:debris (2026-07-29) — starts-lowercase

The words behind it

19 Hebrew words

Every Hebrew word of this verse in the order it stands, with what it means and the door to its own study. The last column counts the times a word stands in the whole Bible: the rarer the word, the more the places it appears belong together.

  • וְאֵ֨לֶּהand these

    veelehH428746 times

  • הַבְּגָדִ֜ים[are] the garments

    habegadimH899217 times

  • אֲשֶׁ֣רwhich

    ʾasherH8345497 times

  • יַעֲשׂ֗וּthey will make

    yaasuH62132628 times

  • חֹ֤שֶׁןa breastpiece

    choshenH283325 times

  • וְאֵפוֹד֙and an ephod

    veefodH64649 times

  • וּמְעִ֔ילand a robe

    umeilH459828 times

  • וּכְתֹ֥נֶתand a tunic of

    ukhetonetH380129 times

  • תַּשְׁבֵּ֖ץcheckered work

    tashbetzH8665

  • מִצְנֶ֣פֶתa turban

    mitznefetH470112 times

  • וְאַבְנֵ֑טand a sash

    veavnetH739 times

  • וְעָשׂ֨וּand they will make

    veasuH62132628 times

  • בִגְדֵי־garments of

    vigdei-H899217 times

  • קֹ֜דֶשׁholiness

    kodeshH6944469 times

  • לְאַהֲרֹ֥ןfor Aaron

    leaharonH175347 times

  • אָחִ֛יךָbrother your

    ʾachikhaH251630 times

  • וּלְבָנָ֖יוand for sons his

    ulevanavH11214930 times

  • לְכַהֲנוֹ־to serve as priest he

    lekhahanov-H354723 times

  • לִֽי׃to <the> me

    li

A shaded row is a word that stands 400 times or fewer in the Bible.

The walk

8 stops

Each card is a verse this one points to, and under it the verses that one points to in turn. Where several paths arrive at the same place, that place is listed first: the text keeps returning to it.

  • Through

    Ephesians 6:14

    Stand firm then, with the belt of truth buckled around your waist, with the breastplate of righteousness arrayed,

    it leads to

    • Isaiah 59:17

      He put on righteousness like a breastplate, and the helmet of salvation on His head; He put on garments of vengeance and wrapped Himself in a cloak of zeal.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • 1 Thessalonians 5:8

      But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and the helmet of our hope of salvation.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Isaiah 11:5

      Righteousness will be the belt around His hips, and faithfulness the sash around His waist.

      Reached by 2 separate paths from here.

    • Luke 12:35

      Be dressed for service and keep your lamps burning.

    • 2 Corinthians 6:7

      in truthful speech and in the power of God; with the weapons of righteousness in the right hand and in the left;

  • Through

    Isaiah 59:17

    He put on righteousness like a breastplate, and the helmet of salvation on His head; He put on garments of vengeance and wrapped Himself in a cloak of zeal.

    it leads to

    • Ephesians 6:17

      And take the helmet of salvation and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God.

    • Ephesians 6:14

      Stand firm then, with the belt of truth buckled around your waist, with the breastplate of righteousness arrayed,

  • Through

    1 Thessalonians 5:8

    But since we belong to the day, let us be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and the helmet of our hope of salvation.

    it leads to

    • Romans 13:12–13

      The night is nearly over; the day has drawn near. So let us lay aside the deeds of darkness and put on the armor of light.

Where this verse is studied

About Exodus

This page draws on Adam Clarke, Commentary on the Bible; Chuck Missler, Learn the Bible in 24 Hours; Jamieson, Fausset & Brown, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible; John Calvin, Commentaries; John Gill, Exposition of the Old Testament (1748-1763); John Wesley, Explanatory Notes upon the Old Testament and Keil and Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament: The Pentateuch.